probability بنك اسئلة

Question 1: Suppose you conduct a series of independent experiments, each
with a success probability of 0.3. If you perform 10 trials, what is the

probability of getting exactly 3 successes?
Question 2: A fair six-sided die is rolled 5 times. What is the probability of

obtaining exactly 2 fours?
Question 3: In a factory, 95% of products are of standard quality. If 10

products are randomly selected, what is the probability that exactly 8 of them
are of standard quality?
𝐶815 × 0.958 × 0.057
Question 4: A basketball player has a 70% free-throw shooting accuracy. If

she takes 20 free throws, what is the probability of making exactly 15 of
them?
Question 5: A coin is flipped 8 times. What is the probability of getting at

least 3 heads?
Question 5:
If n = 10 and p = 0.3 in a binomial distribution, what is the standard deviation of

the distribution?
a. 1.5
b. 2.1
c. 1.4
d. 3.0
Question 6:
What is the probability mass function (PMF) of a binomial distribution?
a. f(x) = nCx * p^x * (1 - p)^(n - x)

b. f(x) = λe^(-λx)
c. f(x) = (1/σ√2π) * e^(-(x - μ)² / (2σ²))
d. f(x) = x / (a + bx)
Question 7:
In a binomial distribution, what does the term "nCx" represent?
a. Permutation
b. Combination
c. Multiplication
d. Division
Question 8:
What is the condition for a random variable to follow a binomial distribution? a. The
trials are independent
b. The probability of success is constant
c. Each trial has two possible outcomes: success or failure
d. All of the above
Question 9:
If n = 8 and p = 0.6, what is the probability of getting exactly 5 successes in a

binomial distribution?
a. 0.088
b. 0.278
c. 0.250
d. 0.266
9- It is suitable to use Binomial Distribution only for ___________

a) Large values of ‘n’
b) Fractional values of ‘n’
c) Small values of ‘n’
d) Any value of ‘n’
10 In a Binomial Distribution, if p = q, then P(X = x) is given by?

a) nCx (0.5)n
b) nCn (0.5)n
c) nCx p(n-x)
d) nCn p(n-x)
This set of Probability and Statistics Multiple Choice Questions & Answers
(MCQs) focuses on “Poisson Distribution”.
11. In a Poisson Distribution, if ‘n’ is the number of trials and ‘p’ is the
probability of success, then the mean value is given by?
a) m = np
b) m = (np)2
c) m = np(1-p)
d) m = p
12. If ‘m’ is the mean of a Poisson Distribution, the standard deviation is

given by ___________
a) √m
b) m2
c) m
d) m⁄2
13. Poisson distribution is applied for ___________

a) Continuous Random Variable
b) Discrete Random Variable
c) Irregular Random Variable
d) Uncertain Random Variable
14. If ‘m’ is the mean of Poisson Distribution, the P(0) is given by ___________
a) e-m
b) em
c) e
d) m-e
15. For a Poisson Distribution, if mean(m) = 1, then P(1) is?

a) 1/e
b) e
c) e/2
d) Indeterminate
17. If the probability that a bomb dropped from a place will strike the target
is 60% and if 10 bombs are dropped, find mean and variance?
a) 0.6, 0.24
b) 6, 2.4
c) 0.4, 0.16
d) 4, 1.6
18. If P(1) = P(3) in Poisson’s distribution, what is the mean?

a) √2
b) √3
c) √6
d) √7
19. If P(6) = λP(1) in Poisson’s distribution, what is the mean?(Approximate

value)
a) 4
b) 6
c) 5
d) 7
20. Find f(2) in normal distribution if mean is 0 and variance is 1.
21. If the values taken by a random variable are negative, the negative values
will have ___________
a) Positive probability
b) Negative Probability
c) May have negative or positive probabilities
d) Insufficient data
22. If f(x) is a probability density function of a continuous random variable,

then ∫f(x)dx=?
a) 0
b) 1
c) undefined
d) Insufficient data
23. The variable that assigns a real number value to an event in a sample
space is called ___________
a) Random variable
b) Defined variable
c) Uncertain variable
d) Static variable
24. A random variable that assumes a finite or a countably infinite number of

values is called ___________
a) Continuous random variable
b) Discrete random variable
c) Irregular random variable
d) Uncertain random variable
25. A random variable that assume a infinite or a uncountably infinite

number of values is called ___________
a) Continuous random variable
b) Discrete random variable
c) Irregular random variable
d) Uncertain random variable
26. Suppose you have developed a spam filter for emails. You know
that 3% of all emails are spam. Your spam filter is 95% accurate in
identifying spam emails and 90% accurate in identifying non-spam
emails. If an email is flagged as spam by your filter, what is the
probability that it is actually spam?
Solution:
Let's denote the events as follows:
• A: The email is spam.

• B: The spam filter flags the email as spam.
We are asked to find P(A | B), the probability that the email is spam
given that the filter flags it as spam.
Using Bayes' Theorem:
P(A∣B)=P(A) P(B∣A)/P(B)
The probability of the filter flagging a spam email correctly (true

positive) is P(B∣A)=0.95.
The probability that an email is spam is P(A)=0.03.
The probability that the filter flags an email as spam (true positive
plus false positive) is given by:
P(B)=P(B∣A)⋅P(A)+P(B∣¬A)⋅P(¬A)
P(B)=0.95⋅0.03+(1−0.90)⋅(1−0.03)
P(B)=0.0285+0.097=0.1255
Now, we can plug these values into Bayes' Theorem:
P(A∣B)= (.95)(0.03)/0.1255 ≈0.227

So, the probability that an email is spam given that the filter flags it
as spam is approximately 0.162 or 22.7%.
27. The standard normal random variable Z is symmetric about its mean.
This
means that P(Z <-5) is equal to: (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 0.5
(d) 0.25
28. The maximum ordinate of a normal random variable (X) is at:
(a) x = μ (b) x = μ + σ (c) x = μ - 2σ (d) x = 0
29. If X has Poisson distribution with parameter 𝜆 = 10, then E(3 X+1) is
a) 22 b) 31 c) 20 d) 19

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Question 1: Suppose you conduct a series of independent experiments, each

with a success probability of 0.3. If you perform 10 trials, what is the

Question 2: A fair six-sided die is rolled 5 times. What is the probability of

Question 3: In a factory, 95% of products are of standard quality. If 10

𝐶815 × 0.958 × 0.057

Question 4: A basketball player has a 70% free-throw shooting accuracy. If

Question 5: A coin is flipped 8 times. What is the probability of getting at

If n = 10 and p = 0.3 in a binomial distribution, what is the standard deviation of

What is the probability mass function (PMF) of a binomial distribution?

a. f(x) = nCx * p^x * (1 - p)^(n - x)

In a binomial distribution, what does the term "nCx" represent?

If n = 8 and p = 0.6, what is the probability of getting exactly 5 successes in a

9- It is suitable to use Binomial Distribution only for ___________

10 In a Binomial Distribution, if p = q, then P(X = x) is given by?

12. If ‘m’ is the mean of a Poisson Distribution, the standard deviation is

13. Poisson distribution is applied for ___________

15. For a Poisson Distribution, if mean(m) = 1, then P(1) is?

18. If P(1) = P(3) in Poisson’s distribution, what is the mean?

19. If P(6) = λP(1) in Poisson’s distribution, what is the mean?(Approximate

22. If f(x) is a probability density function of a continuous random variable,

24. A random variable that assumes a finite or a countably infinite number of

25. A random variable that assume a infinite or a uncountably infinite

Let's denote the events as follows:

• A: The email is spam.

Using Bayes' Theorem:

The probability of the filter flagging a spam email correctly (true

The probability that an email is spam is P(A)=0.03.

Now, we can plug these values into Bayes' Theorem:

P(A∣B)= (.95)(0.03)/0.1255 ≈0.227

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