SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Introduction to the
Philosophy of the
Human Person
Quarter 1 – Module 4
The Human Person in their Environment

1
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 4: The Human Person in their Environment
Second Edition, 2021

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 12

Introduction to Philosophy of
the Human Person
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
The Human Person in their
Environment

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators

from public and private schools, colleges and universities. We encourage teachers
and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments and
recommendations to the Department of Education at [email protected]

We value your feedback and recommendations.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.
Cover page 1

Table of Contents 4

Overview 5

General Instructions 5

Lesson 4: The Human Person in their Environment 6

What I Need to Know

Lesson 4.1.1. Notice things that are not in their proper place 8
Activity 4.1
Activity 4.2

Lesson 4.1.2. Notice things that are not in their proper place and organize
them in an aesthetic way 13
Activity 4.3
Lesson 4.1.3 Show that care for the environment contributes to health,
well-being and sustainable development 17
Activity 4.4
Lesson 4.1.4 Demonstrate the virtues of prudence 19
Activity 4.5
Assessment 23
Answer Key 25
References 26

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 OVERVIEW
Good day learners! Congratulations on making it this far in Introduction to the
Philosophy of the Human Person. We continue now with the next topic at hand, the Freedom
of the Human Person. In this module, we will explore the concept of freedom and the different
aspects connected to it. Further, we will examine different situations in our life wherein the
importance of our choices is emphasized. Afterwards, we will test how far you have
understood the lesson through short tests as well as reflective activities.

Specifically, this module consists of the following lessons:

• Lesson 1: The Human Person in their Environment

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

For the learners: For the teacher:

To be guided in achieving the To facilitate and ensure the students’
objectives of this module, do the learning from this module, you are
following: encouraged to do the following (you
may edit this part):
1. Read and follow instructions
carefully. 1. Clearly communicate learning
2. Write all your ANSWERS in competencies and objectives
your PHILOSOPHY ACTIVITY 2. Motivate through applications
NOTEBOOK. and connections to real life.
3. Answer the pretest before 3. Give applications of the theory
going through the lessons. 4. Discuss worked-out examples
4. Take note and record points 5. Give time for hands-on
for clarification. unguided classroom work and
5. Compare your answers discovery
against the key to answers 6. Use formative assessment to
found at the end of the give feedback
module. 7. Introduce extensions or
6. Do the activities and fully generalizations of concepts
understand each lesson. 8. Engage in reflection questions
7. Answer the self-check to 9. Encourage analysis through
monitor what you learned in higher order thinking prompts
each lesson. 10. Provide alternative formats for
8. Answer the posttest after you student work
have gone over all the lessons. 11. Remind learners to write their
answers in their Philosophy
Activity Notebook

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 Lesson
The Human Person in
4 their Environment
John Donne: “No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the
continent, a part of the main.”

This means that as human person, it is our responsibility to treat a person with
respect not only our fellow humans but also everything in this world. Humankind is a
part of the world, and we significantly affect our environment in the same manner of
what that changes in our environment affect us.

What I need to know?

By the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Notice disorder in the environment;
2. Notice things that are not in their proper place and organize them in an
aesthetic way;
3. Show that care for the environment contributes to health, well-being and
sustainable development; and
4. Demonstrate the virtues of prudence and thriftiness towards the environment.

What I know

PRE-TEST
Direction: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper or in your notebook.

1. What is environment philosophy?

A. Discipline that studies the moral relationship of human beings with the
environment and its non-human contents.
B. Is part of the world, and we significantly affect in environment.
C. Significantly role of humankind in the world.
D. Extends intrinsic value and moral consideration to higher forms of animals

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2. Believes that humans are not the only significant species on the planet.
A. Anthropocentrism
B. Panthocentrism
C. Biocentrism
D. Ecocentrism

3. A science that deals with the relationships between groups of living things and
their environments.
A. Anthropocentrism
B. Ecology
C. Ecofeminism
D. Ecocentrism

4. What is a flame in cyberspace?

A. A person who follows the rules of Netiquette.
B. An expert programmer.
C. An online chain letter.
D. A post or email message that expresses a strong opinion or criticism.

5. Knowledge and understanding of netiquette is useful because ___________

A. it helps you create a positive impression on those you meet in cyberspace.
B. it explains some of the technical limitations of online communications.
C. it explains the conventions already being used by millions of cybernauts.
D. All of the above.

6. What type of online threat happens when an attacker uses electronic devices
to do unwanted surveillance against its victim?
A. Cyberbullying B. Phising C. Spamming D. Cyberstalking

7. What type of online threat happens when the attacker impersonates another
individual or organization to gather personal or business information?
A. Cyberstalking B. Spoofing C. Scamming D. Pharming

8. What type of information should you avoid giving when using the internet?
A. Phone number B. Profile Picture C. Shirt Size D. Religion

9. What is the golden rule of netiquette?

A. Remember the human. C. Use correct grammar.
B. Put a smiley in every message. D. Respect people’s time.

10. You get an email telling you that you won a hundred thousand without joining
in a competition. You should ____________.
A. Claim the prize. C. Return the email with response.
B. Ignore the email. D. Send rude message as revenge

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 What’s in?

Lesson 4.1.1: Notice things that are not in their proper place and
organize them in an aesthetic way
Listen and sing the song together.

Examine the following pictures below then listen and sing the song together.
You can watch video clips and use it as a guide. After singing it then discuss:
“Wala ka bang napapansin sa iyong mga kapaligiran?

Kay dumi na ng hangin, pati na ang mga ilog natin. Hindi nga masama ang pag-
unlad at malayo-layo na rin ang ating narrating…”
–ASIN
2

https://philonotes.com/index.php/the-human-person-and-the-environment/

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 1. Hold each other’s hands and share with the persons in your right and left show
your visions or how do you imagine the world to be.

What signs of disorder in the environment do you see?

✓ What is the world made of?
✓ How did the world come into being?
✓ How can we explain the process of change?
✓ How did the song regard the environment?
✓ How did the song see the human person in the environment?
✓ What is the tone of the song?
✓ Which lyrics serve as most meaningful? Why?

Environmental philosophy is the discipline that studies the moral

relationships of human beings with the environment and its non-human contents.
Philosophers believe that the human person has the ability to change the environment
to suit his purposes. It will enable them to become aware of their relationship and its
related issues in our society and their impact on the lives of human persons.

“What is the world made of?” “How did the world come into being?” and “How
can we explain the process of change?” were philosophical questions already brought
up approximately 600 B.C.E. (before the common era) in the Western lonian seaport
town of Miletus across the Aegean Sea from Athens, Greece.
The speculation of the pre-Socratic philosophers represents a paradigm shift-
a change from mythical explanation of the origins of the cosmos to a more rational
explanation.
Eastern sages probed nature’s depths intuitively through the eyes of spiritual
sages which Greek thinkers viewed nature through cognitive and scientific eyes (Price
2000). These thinkers were looking for the underlying laws of nature. They wanted to
understand the processes of nature by studying nature itself, not by listening to the
stories about the gods.
According to Payne (2010) there are two frameworks where humans can be
related.

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1. Anthropocentric Model. Based on the anthropocentric model, humans are
superior and central to the universe, thus, it is human centered.

https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndri
ga/human-person-in-the-environment

2. Ecocentric Model.
It is the ecological or relational integrity of the humans that provides
meaning of our morals and values and it is nature centered.
Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s biodiversity and the functioning
of its life –supporting system

Global Warming

https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=h
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/727 ttp%3A%2F%2Feurope.chinadaily.com.
190671065965732/

10
https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/nucle https://missionsbox.org/news/facing-famine-crisis-in-
ar-techniques-help-reveal-high-rate-of-soil- yemen/
erosion-in-benin

https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndri
ga/human-person-in-the-environment

Ecocentric Model

Econcentric model, the ecological or relational integrity of the humans provides

meaning of our morals and values and it is nature centered.
Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s biodiversity and the functioning of it’s
life supporting system.

• Nature
• Wild
• Holism
• Body
• Relational
• Earth/Wisdom
• Ecology over / against human
What I can do?
https://www.bestsayingsquotes.com/quote/we-wont-
have-a-society-if-we-destroy-the-environment-
4104.html
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ACTIVITY 4.1: Human Person in their Environment
DIRECTION: Interview a person who is 45-60 years old. Be guided by the following
questions:

1. What are the things that you remember in your environment when you were my
age?
______________________________________________________________

2. What are the things that you like doing when you were young?
______________________________________________________________

3. What are the positive and negative changes in the environment?

______________________________________________________________

4. Do you think environment plays a vital role in a person’s development? Why or

why not?
______________________________________________________________

5. Distinguish the ecocentric from the anthropocentric models. Cite examples.

_____________________________________________________________

6. How do humans react to nature? Explain. In what way are your answers
positive or negative?

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. Additional Activities

ACTIVITY 4.2: Notice disorder in the universe

DIRECTION: Interactive work: Write your answer in your notebook.

1. In your opinion, how can we protect, conserve and restore our environment?
You can further assess your answer by planning a nature walk or gardening.
a. How can you promote the human person in the environment through
nature walk or gardening?
b. Design: Conceptualize your designs if you will choose gardening. If you
choose nature walk, your teacher must suggest safe place such as La
Mesa Dam, etc.
2. Based on the previous images, what could be improper? Are you happy with
what you see or experience in nature? How will you organize or improve the
environment or world that you belong to?

What is it?

Lesson 4.1.2. Notice things that are not in their proper place
and organize them in an aesthetic way

A. Ancient Thinkers

Anaximander a pre-Socratic philosopher and scientist said

about the creation-Destruction. According to him, the sketch
of the genesis of the world (cosmology), the evolution of the
world begins with the generation of opposites in certain region
Nature. Nature is indeterminate-boundless in the sense that
no boundaries between the warm and or the moist and dry
regions are originally present within.

https://www.philosophybasics.c
om/philosophers_anaximander.
html

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https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment

B. Modern Thinker

https://thegreatthinkers.org/kant/introduction/

Herbert Marcuse said about the power of humans

over nature, while George Herbert Mead tackled about
our duties and responsibilities.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Her
bert-Marcuse

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 What I can do?

ACTIVITY 4.3 Notice things that are not in their proper place and
organize them in an aesthetic way

DIRECTIONS: Interactive work: Write your answer in your notebook.

1. Discussion: Compare the importance of nature from past to present.
2. Self-review: Study the ecocentric model and evaluate your personal
understandings and attitudes towards environment.
3. Visually guided learning:
A. In groups, answer how you can organize the following images in a
more aesthetic way.
B. Draw and share to class. You must be able to discuss your drawing
in class.
C. Consider how you can form the images in an aesthetic way:

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16
 What is it?

Lesson 4.1.3. Show that care for the environment contributes to

health, wellbeing and sustainable development

There are numerous theories to show care for the environment aside from the
ecocentric model such as deep ecology, social ecology and ecofeminism to name
some.

https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimage.slidesharecdn.com

https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment

https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/34299.Murray_Bookchin

17
https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment

https://www.gettyimages.dk/detail/news-photo/francoise-deaubonne-french-writer-rv-
451335-news-photo/55758320

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 What I can do?

ACTIVITY 4.4. Show that care for the environment contributes to health,
well-being and sustainable development

DIRECTIONS: Three minutes’ essay: Write your thoughts regarding these passages
of this section. For each passage below you are given three minutes to complete the
task.
a. The controlling attitude of humankind is extended to nature, when in fact,
humanity is part of nature.
b. Destroying nature is a reflection wherein few people overpower others
while exploiting the environment for profit or self-interest.
c. Fromm argues that as humans, it is also inherent in us to escape the
prison cell of selfishness.

What is it?

Lesson 4.1.4. Demonstrate the virtues of prudence and frugality towards

environment
A self-supporting college student works part-time as a service crew to be able to
fund his education. He earns PhP2,000.00 more than what he needs to pay for monthly
expenses. With this extra money, he could have bought the expensive watch he
always wanted. Thinking practically, he decided to save his money in the bank instead.
1. How will you describe this college student?
2. What qualities does he possess regarding handling his money?
3. How can you relate his behavior to current environment trends?
Find out the answer in this lesson!
Prudence is defined as the ability to have good judgment that allows avoidance of
dangers and risks. Meanwhile, frugality is the act of using money or other resources
wisely and practically.
Prudence Frugality
covers good judgment, considering the The quality of being thrifty, sparing or
consequences of an action, using economical in the consumption of
common sense and discretion, resources and avoiding waste,
exercising caution, and conforming to lavishness, or extravagance
reason and decency

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 Arising from the discussions, Fromm (2013) suggested a new society that
should inspire the development of a new human being that will nurture prudence and
fairness or frugality towards environment. These are some of the functions of
Fromm’s envisioned society:
1. The enthusiasm to offer up all forms of
having, in order to fully be.
2. Being fully present where one is.
3. Trying to lessen greed, hate and
illusions as much as one is adept.
4. Making the full growth of oneself and
of one’s fellow beings the utmost goal of
living.
5. Not deceiving others, but also not
being deceived by others, one may be
called acquitted, but not naïve.
6. Freedom that is not uncertainty but the
Erich Fromm
possibility to be oneself, not as a bundle of greedy
https://www.brainpickings.org/2 desires, but as a carefully balanced structure that at
017/03/23/the-sane-society-
erich-fromm/ any moment is threatened with the alternatives of
growth or decay, life or death
7. Happiness in the manner of ever-growing aliveness, whatever the
extreme point is the destiny permits one to reach, for living as full as
one can be so agreeable that the concern for what one might not attain
has little chance to develop.
8. Joy that comes from giving and sharing, not from hoarding and
manipulating.
9. Developing one’s capacity for love, together with one’s capacity
for critical, unsentimental thought.
10. Shedding one’s narcissism and accepting that catastrophic
boundaries inherent in human survival.
The ideals of this humanity cross all party lines, for protecting nature
needs focused conservation, action, politically aware and support from
business. If all these segments agree on the same goals, the chance of
transformation would seem to be significantly greater, especially since most
citizens have become less and less interested in part allegiance and slogans.

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 What I can do?

ACTIVITY 4.1.5. Demonstrate the virtues of prudence and frugality towards

environment
Direction: Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is happiness? If possible, related Fromm’s view with other

philosophers discussed.
2. What is freedom? Relate Fromm’s view with other philosophers discussed
in previous lessons.
3. What is joy? Do you agree with Fromm’s view?

A. Check your knowledge

1. What are the different environmental theories discussed in this lesson?
Compare the theories.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. What is carbon footprint?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

B. Check your understanding

1. Based on your own understanding, relate and contrast the Anthropocentric
and Ecocentric Models. Write your answers inside the circle.

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 Anthropocentric Model Ecocentric Model

2. Research about animal rights. In your opinion, do animals deserve respect?

Why or why not?
3. How do you apprehend the meaning of frugality and prudence toward the
environment? Cite three examples.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

C. Apply what you know

1. Open field: Nature walk
Organize a local tour. Students will have a nature walk they will not just be able
to exercise by walking but be at one with nature. Teachers or guardians must be
present to assist students. Terrains of the site must be studied carefully prior to the
occasion. Give feedback and reflection on this activity.

2. (Optional) Gardening

In nature walk is not possible, students can choose for gardening. If the school
has no garden yet, this is the chance to plant seeds and/ or put in pots of flowers or
vegetables to create a view of panoramic “greens”. Design the perimeters creatively
(i.e. paint). Take pictures and write your reflection on this activity.
3. If your class cannot do either of these suggested activities, you can invite
speaker/s from PAW (The Philippine Animal Welfare Society), WWF (World

22
 Wild Fund for Nature), or DENR (Department of Environment and Natural
Resources) and hold a symposium.

Assessment

ASSESSMENT
1. What is the ability to govern and discipline oneself by the use of reason?
a. Transcendence
b. Frugality
c. Aesthetics
d. prudence
2. What is the act of using or other resources wisely and practically?
a. Aesthetics
b. Prudence
c. Frugality
d. Economics
3. What may be a sign of an environmental disorder?
a. Lack of material things
b. Lack of resources
c. Lack of friends
d. Lack of space

4. Which among the following options is a disorder in the environment?

a. A basket of unwashed dirty clothes
b. A house with no single plant
c. A garden with dying plants
d. A library with little amount of books
5. In what way can the environment contribute to health and well-being?
a. It can be available anywhere.
b. It is the source of life.
c. It an produce products that provide medicinal value.
d. It is made up of consumers and producers.
6. In which of the following scenarios is prudence demonstrated?
a. Ordering food that you can consume
b. Searching assignment answers over the internet
c. Keeping the lights on all day
d. Being friendly to neighbors
7. Lila wants to buy an expensive phone using the money she has been saving
since last year. She asked for her friends’ opinions in making her decision.
Which among her friends is frugal?
a. Jen suggested that she should spend the money for travel abroad.
b. Marco advised her to spend the money on the expensive phone.

23
 c. Aiza said that the she should go on a shopping spree using the money.
d. Jack suggested that she should keep the money for future, more important
uses.
8. Which of the given statements is true?
1. Prudence and frugality can only be applied in one environment.
2. Looking at aesthetics is a way of determining disorder.
a. both statements 1 and 2
b. neither statement 1 nor 2
c. statement 1
d. statement 2

9. what is the role of the environment in achieving sustainable development?

1. It can reproduce resources.
2. It is the venue for producer-consumer relationships.
a. Statement 1
b. Statement 2
c. Neither statement 1 nor 2
d. Both statements 1 and 2
10. Which of the given statements is true about frugality?
1. It is only limited to tangible or solid materials
2. It applies to a select few.
a. Statement 1
b. Both statement 1 and 2
c. Statement 2
d. Neither statement 1 nor 2

Congratulations!
You have completed your journey in this
module.
You did a great job!
It’s now time to go on to the next
adventure…
Good luck!

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 Answer Key

PRE-TEST ACTY 4.3: Show that care for the

environment contributes to health,
well-being and sustainable
10. B 5. D
development; and
A 9. 4. D

A 8. 3. B Students’ answers may vary. It

is necessary for the teacher to
B 7. 2. C also check their answers with
the Internet.
D 6. 1. A

ACTY 4.1: Notice disorder in the environment; ACTY 4.4: Demonstrate the
virtues of prudence and
thriftiness towards the
Students’ answers may vary. It environment.
is necessary for the teacher to
also check their answers with
the Internet. Students’ answers may vary. It
is necessary for the teacher to
also check their answers with
the Internet.
ACTY 4.2: Notice things that are not in their
proper place and organize them in an aesthetic way;

ASSESSMENT
Students’ answers may vary. It
is necessary for the teacher to 10. B 5. B
also check their answers with
the Internet. D 9. 4. C

D 8. 3. B

D 7. 2. C

A 6. 1. D

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References:

1. https://www.academia.edu/35441503/Chapter_4_The_human_person_in_the_environmen
t_Objectives
2. https://philonotes.com/index.php/the-human-person-and-the-environment/
3. https://www.slideshare.net/ChristineEndriga/human-person-in-the-environment
4. https://www.lloydluna.com/inspiring-filipino-young-entrepreneur-in-the-philippines/
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg
6. https://alvarezjocelle7629.blogspot.com/2013/07/erick-fromm.html
7. https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/727190671065965732/
8. https://www.google.com.ph/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Feurope.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fc
hina%2Fimages%2Fattachement%2Fpng%2Fsite1%2F20160711%2Ff8bc126d97c418ed33f15
f.png&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Feurope.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fchina%2F2016-
07%2F11%2Fcontent_26036440.htm&tbnid=B0u7KON8s3rtZM&vet=12ahUKEwjRlM7Pw6Tq
AhVM7ZQKHbWVD0AQMygJegUIARDJAQ..i&docid=9HvAPJYs9jNVWM&w=494&h=323&itg=
1&q=stonger%20typhoons&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwjRlM7Pw6TqAhVM7ZQKHbWVD0AQMygJe
gUIARDJAQ

9. https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/nuclear-techniques-help-reveal-high-rate-of-soil-
erosion-in-benin
10. https://missionsbox.org/news/facing-famine-crisis-in-yemen/

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