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    of 3

    1.1 What is Science?

    Science From Curiosity


    Curiosity is the basis of science.
    Science: A system of knowledge and the methods you use to find that
    knowledge.
    Science begins with curiosity and often ends with discovery.
    Curiosity provides questions but is seldom enough to achieve scientific
    results. Methods such as observing and measuring provide ways to find the
    answers.
    Observations are qualitative, or descriptive. In others, they are quantitative,
    or numerical, some experiments are impossible to do, such as observing
    what happened at the start of the universe.
    Scientists can use the evidence of the universe around them to envision
    how the creation of the universe occurred.
    Science and Technology
    As scientific knowledge is discovered, it can be applied in ways that
    improve the lives of people.
    Technology: the use of knowledge to solve practical problems.
    While the goal of science is to expand knowledge, the goal of technology is
    to apply that knowledge.
    Science and technology are interdependent. Advances in one lead to
    advances in the other.
    Branches of Science
    The study of science is divided into social science and natural science.
    Natural science is generally divided into three branches: Physical
    science, Earth and space science, and life science.
    Physical science covers a broad range of study that focuses on non-living
    things.
    The two main areas of physical science are chemistry and
    physics.
    Chemistry: the study of the comparison, structure, properties, and
    reactions of matter.
    Physics: the study of matter and energy and the interactions between the
    two through forces and motion.
    The application of physics and chemistry to the study of Earth is called
    Earth science. The foundation of Earth science is geology.
    Geology: the study of origin, history, and structure of Earth.
    Geology has focused on the study of Earth’s rocks. However, modern Earth
    science also involves the study of systems that may include living
    organisms.
    The foundation of space science is astronomy.
    Astronomy: the study of the universe beyond Earth, including the sun,
    moon, planets, and stars.

    Biology: the study of living things.


    Biology is not only the physics and chemistry of living things, but the study
    of origin and behavior of living things. Biologists study the different ways
    that organisms grow, survive, and reproduce.
    The problem with subdividing science into different areas is that there is
    often an overlap between them.
    Much of biology is also chemistry, while much of chemistry is also physics.
    And a rapidly growing area of physics is biophysics, the application of
    physics to biology.
    The Big Ideas of Physical Science
    Space and time
    Matter and Change
    Forces and Motions

    Energy
    Energy exists in many forms. Moving objects have a kind of energy called
    kinetic energy. Objects moved against a force have another kind of energy
    called potential energy.
    Energy also exists in matter itself. When one form of matter changes into
    another form, energy is either absorbed or released. Matter itself can also
    be changed into energy.
    Energy can be transferred from one form or object to another but it can
    never be destroyed.

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