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INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANCY ARUSHA
GROUP ASSIGNMENT:
PROGRAM NAME: BCS II
MODULE NAME: OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
MODULE CODE: ITU 07322
SEMESTER: ONE
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2024/25
GROUP NUMBER: 01
FACILITATOR: MBISE (MR KAANAEL)

S/N NAMES REG NUMBER SIGNATURE
1 JAMES FRANCIS BCS-01-0164-2023
2 GEWE PETER BCS-01-0157-2023
3 LUGATA NJILE BCS-01-0076-2023

4 JOSEPH BUNDALA BCS-01-0115-2023
5 AMOS LUSWETULA DEUS BCS-01-0120-2023
6 STEPHEN ROBINSON BCS-01-0160-2023
7 SIXMUNDY FRANCIS BCS-01-0005-2023
8 JACKSON LYMO BCS-01-0141-2023
9 KENNEDY KATARAMA BCS-01-0159-2023
10 DAMAS MAIGE BCS-01-0116-2023
Question One
Explain how Java has grown to be one of the most widely used programming
languages for creating desktop, web, and mobile applications.
The java grown to be one of the most widely used programming

languages for creating desktop, web, and mobile application due to the following
factors.
It is object-oriented: all the things in java act as an object and it is easily

extended as object model based
It is platform-independent: unlike others java does not get compiled

into platform specific machines. Rather it gets compiled into platform independent
bytecode. This bytecode is distributed over the webs and the Java Virtual Machine
(JVM).
It is secure: java come with security features that helps us to develop

virus free and other program in security form also make it a robust language for
large-scale application.
Versatility: java supports the development of diverse applications

include desktop, web, mobile and enterprise-level solution. Also create framework
like spring for web and enterprise applications, Android SDK for mobile
development.
Question Two
(a) Describe arrays in detail and their role in Java programming language.
An array is a collection of variables (called elements or components)

containing values that all have the same type stored in contiguous memory
location. The following are the roles of array in java programming.
Used in Algorithms: Arrays are used extensively in sorting,

searching, and matrix operator.
Foundational Data structure: Many advanced data structures

example (list, stacks) is built on arrays.
Indexing: Element are accessible via Zero -based indexing, making

data manipulation straightforward.
Data organization: Arrays help store and manage large amounts

of data efficiently.
Fixed size: Arrays have fixed size which makes them predictable
and easily to iterate over
(b) With examples, discuss the types of arrays in Java.

Arrays have many types most of its types are.
Single-Dimensional Arrays: these are the arrays which have
only one dimension. Example initialized single-dimensional array
Int [] array = {2,3,4};
Mult-Dimensional Arrays: these are arrays with more than
one dimension like matrix. Example initialized Double-dimensional array
Int [] [] matrix = {
{1, 2, 3},
{1, 2, 3}
};
Jagged Arrays: these are arrays: with varying row sizes.
Example initialized Jagged array
Int [] [] jagged = {
{1, 2},
{3, 4, 5}
};
(c) A Java array is initialized as double [] list = {17, 19, 23, 60, 58, 90};
i. Write an application that calculates and displays the sum and average of all
elements in the array list.
Public class SumAndAverage {
Public static void main (String[] args) {
double[] list = {17, 19, 23, 60, 58, 90};
double sum = 0;
for(double num: list) {
sum +=num;
}
Double average = (double) sum / array.length;
System.out.println(“sum is: ”+sum);
System.out.println(“average is: ”+average);
}
}
ii. Write an application that displays the smallest and largest elements in the
double array list.
Public class LargestSmallestElement {
Public static void main (String[] args) {
float[] numbers = {17, 19, 23, 60, 58, 90};
float max = numbers[0];
float min = numbers[0];
for (float num: numbers) {
if (number > max) max = number;
if (number > min) min = number;
}
System.out.println(“Largest is: ”+max);

System.out.println(“Smallest is: ”+min);
}
}
REFERENCES.
NARESHI technologies [ONLINE AVAILABLE AT]
https://www.nareshit.com/array in java programming. /

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INSTITUTE OF ACCOUNTANCY ARUSHA

PROGRAM NAME: BCS II

MODULE NAME: OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

MODULE CODE: ITU 07322

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2024/25

FACILITATOR: MBISE (MR KAANAEL)

3 LUGATA NJILE BCS-01-0076-2023

The java grown to be one of the most widely used programming

It is object-oriented: all the things in java act as an object and it is easily

It is platform-independent: unlike others java does not get compiled

It is secure: java come with security features that helps us to develop

Versatility: java supports the development of diverse applications

An array is a collection of variables (called elements or components)

Used in Algorithms: Arrays are used extensively in sorting,

Foundational Data structure: Many advanced data structures

Indexing: Element are accessible via Zero -based indexing, making

Data organization: Arrays help store and manage large amounts

(b) With examples, discuss the types of arrays in Java.

System.out.println(“Largest is: ”+max);

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