© 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.

ORG

UV. VISIBLE SPECTROMETRIC ESTIMATION

OF PURE ASPIRIN AND MARKETED
FORMULATION
Mr. Bhupendra Dasondhi, , Mr. Shubham Goswami , Mr. Lalit Kushwah
Charak Institute of Pharmacy, Choli Road Mandleshwar (M.P.)

Abstract: Spectroscopy is the branch of science dealing with the study of interaction of electromagnetic
radiation with matter. The most important consequence of such interaction is that energy is absorbed or emitted
by the matter in discrete amounts called quanta. The absorption or emission processes are known throughout
the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from the gamma region (nuclear resonance absorption) to the radio
region (nuclear magnetic resonance) when the measurement of radiation frequency is done experimentally, it
gives a value for the change of energy involved and from this one may draw the conclusion about the set of
possible discrete energy levels of the matter. Analysis is considered to determine identity, strength, quality &
purity of the drug samples, synthetic intermediates and the final drug product, in pharmaceutical industry.
Hence analysis plays an important role right from the testing of raw material, the in process control of every
step to the final analysis of each batch of finished drug products. Therefore, analytical methods developed
using sophisticated instruments such as spectrophotometer have wide applications in assuring the quality and
quantity of raw materials and finished products.

Key words: Aspirin, salicylic acid, UV. Visible spectroscopy

1.Introduction:-Analytical chemistry may be defined as ‘the science and art of determining the
composition of materials in term of the elements or compounds contained in them historically the development
of analytical methods has followed closely the introduction of new measuring instruments’. The first
quantitative analyses were gravimetric, made possible by the invention of precise balance. In closing decades
of the nineteenth century, the invention of the spectroscope brought with it an analytical approach that proved
to be extremely fruitful.

IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e255

c255
 © 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.ORG

Type of Analytical Methods:

A. Qualitative Methods:- It refers identify of the product i.e., it yields useful clues from which the molecular
or automatic species, the structural features, or the functional groups in the samples can be deduced.

B. Quantitative Method: It refers purity of the product, i.e. the results are in the form of numerical data
corresponding to the concentration of analytes. In both the analysis, the required information is obtained by
measuring a physical property that is characterically related to the component of interest (the analytes). The
most important aspect of analysis is quantitative chemical analysis. In the present age, the physical, chemical
and biological analysis, involve computerized techniques to facilitate better results.

Chemical Analysis

Quantitative Analysis Qualitative Analysis

Traditional Instrumental Methods

or
Classical Methods

Titrimetric Gravimetric Based on Based on

Methods Methods Separation Measurement of Signals
-Acidimetric -Gas Chromato- - Uv/visble Spectroscopy
And Alkalimetry graphy - I.R.Spectroscopy
-Redox Titration -Liquid Chromato- - Emission Spectroscopy
graphy - ESR Spectroscopy
-Precipitation -Ionexchange - X-ray Diffraction
Titration Chromatography Spectroscopy
-Complexometric -Size Exclusion - X-ray Fluorescence
Titration Chromatography Spectroscopy
IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e256
 © 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.ORG

-Mass Spectroscopy
- NMR Spectroscop
1.2 SPECTROSCOPY:
Spectroscopy is the branch of science dealing with the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with
matter. The most important consequence of such interaction is that energy is absorbed or emitted by the matter
in discrete amounts called quanta. The absorption or emission processes are known throughout the
electromagnetic spectrum ranging from the gamma region (nuclear resonance absorption) to the radio region
(nuclear magnetic resonance) when the measurement of radiation frequency is done experimentally, it gives
a value for the change of energy involved and from this one may draw the conclusion about the set of possible
discrete energy levels of the matter.
Optimum Conditions For Spectrophotometric:
In developing an analytical method based on UV-Visible Spectrophotometry, it is essential to select the
optimum instrumental conditions to ensure accuracy and precision in spectrophotometric measurements. The
factors, which need to be considered, are;

1. Sample conditions; Solvent, concentration, and Path length.

2. Instrumental parameters; Wavelength, Slit width and Scan speed.

2.DRUG PROFILE
Aspirin

Table 1 Properties of Aspirin

Chemical
name 2-Acetoxybenzoic acid

Mol. C₉H₈O₄
Formula

Mol. Wt 180.158 g/mol

Physical Solid
appearance

Solubility Soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, and Chloroform

Category Non-steroidal anti-inflametory drug (NSAIDS)

IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e257
 © 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.ORG

Wavelength 270 nm

Pka 3.5

2.1 Mechanism of action

He proved that aspirin and other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit the activity of the
enzyme now called cyclooxygenase (COX) which leads to the formation of prostaglandins (PGs) that cause
inflammation, swelling, pain and fever.30].

2. Uses:- Aspirin is used to reduce fever and relieve mild to moderate pain from conditions such as muscle
aches, toothaches, common cold, and headaches. [30]

2.4 Adverse Effect

 Abdominal or stomach pain, cramping, or burning.

 Black, tarry stools.

 Bloody or cloudy urine.

 Change in consciousness.

 Chest pain or discomfort.

 Constipation.

 Convulsions, severe or continuing.

 Decreased frequency or amount of urine

3.MATERIAL AND METHOD

3.1 Experiment
3.1.1 Sample material
a) Chemical
b) Apparatus
c) Equipment's
3.1.2 Selection of wavelength
3.1.3 Selection of concentration
3.1.4 Preparation of standard
3.1.5 Preparation of calibration

IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e258

 © 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.ORG

3.1.1 Sample material

All tablet formulation from different manufacturer is purchased from local market Mandleshwar.
Labeled Claim Aspirin

Table No. 1: Sample Information

S.No Brand Name of Manufacturer Batch No.

Name

1. Ecospirin USV PVT.LTD 04009161

325mg

a) Chemicals
1. All Required Chemical Purchased SUNCHEM INDIA.
2. Distilled water purchased from local market Mandleshwar.
3. Whatman No. 41 Filter paper was used for experimental work.
b) Apparatus
Volumetric flasks-100 ml., 1000 ml. beakers, measuring cylinders, pipettes, Motor
pistol
c) Equipment's
1. Single beam UV-Visible spectrophotometer.

2. Electronic weighing balance Model No.AW-220 & BX-620 S, UV Spectroscopy 1800 Shimadzu

3.1.2 Selection of wavelength:

Wavelength for Aspirin at 270 mm.

3.1.3 Selection of concentration

Reading for different concentration of Aspirin 1-10 of 0 to 20 µg/mL

3.1.4 Preparation of Standard Solution

1. Accurately Weigh Aspirin 0.100 gm was transferred to a 100ml volumetric flask.

2. Dissolve ibuprofen in 50 ml with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide and made up the volume up to the mark with 0.1
N sodium hydroxide.

3. From this Prepare stock solution pipette out the 1 ml in a 100 ml. eleaned volumetric flask and volume
make up to the mark with the help of 0.1 N sodium hydroxide

IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e259

 © 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.ORG

4. Resulting solution to 10 mL of 0.1 N Sodrum hydroxide solution scan in ultraviolet range UV

Spectrophotometer in the 200 to 400 nm.

3.1.5 Analysis of Marketed Tablet Formulation:

1. Accurately weighed the 20 tablets of Aspirin and fine powdered,

2. The powder equivalent to 100mg of Aspirin was transferred to 100ml volumetric flask and 20ml 0.1 N
sodium hydroxide is added and sonicated for 15 minutes to dissolve the Aspirin in it and made the volume to
mark with same

3. The solution was filtered through Whatman filter paper No. 40. 10ml of this solution was diluted with 0.1
N sodium and determined the absorbance at 221mm against the 0.1 N sodium hydroxide diluted with same as
blank.

4. The concentration of ibuprofen present in marketed tablet formulation were determined, Table 2

Table 2: Result of Analysis of Aspirin in Tablet

Formulation Label claim(mg) Amount Found

Aspirin 10 mg 9.160 gm

n=1

4.RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The UV scan of standard solution between 200-400 mm showed the absorption maxima at 270nm. No effect
of dilution was observed on the maxima, which confirmed the maxima at 270 nm. The statistical analysis of
data obtained for the calibration curve of Aspirin in pure solution indicated a high level of precision for the
proposed method, as evidenced by low value of coefficient of variation. The coefficient of correlation was
highly significant. The linearity range was observed between 2-20 mcg/ml. The plot clearly showed a straight
line passing through origin (y= 0.0111x+0.0147). The method was found to be simple, accurate, precise.
economical and robust.

The Aspirin (PHE 10) purchased from market and characterized of different parameters as summarized in
Table 9. All the tablets passed weight variation test as the percentage weight variation was within the
pharmacopoeia limits. Hardness and friability of marketed tablet were within acceptable limits. Hardness of
the tablets was 5.1 to 5.7 kg/cm 2. The friability was found to be less than 1.0% and hence the tablets with
lower friability and good hardness may not break during handling on machines and shipping. The in-vitro
Disintegration time is very important for estimation of drug absorption. The in-vitro disintegration time was
found in the range of 9.31 to 10.19 min. The in vitro dissolution study was performed in phosphate buffer (pH
7.2) since this approach is recommended in the USP. The dissolution study of the marketed formulation of
IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e260
 © 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.ORG

Aspirin tablets (10 mg) showed complete drug release within 50 minutes. The percentage drug release of
marketed tablet shows the better drug release between 95.1 to 97.2%, The organoleptic properties of Aspirin
was found to be colour (white), Odour (slight), Taste (tastless), Size (1.2 cm), Shape (round shape), Texture
(hard)

Table No. 9: Result of Assay

Sample At As Cs Assay

Aspirin 0.100 101%

5. Conclusion

The developed UV-Spectrophotometric method for estimation of Aspirin can be validated in accordance with
the ICH guideline and this method can be appear to be a suitable technique for the reliable analysis of
commercial formulations containing Aspirin. The most striking features of this method are its simplicity,
specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. It is also an easier, rapid and cost effective method.
Hence the present UV-Spectrophotometric method can suitable for routine analysis of Aspirin tablet dosage
form.

6. References

1. Shethi P.D., Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Formulations, 1st Edition 2001, p 1-11.

2. Ewing, G. M., Instrumental Method of Chemical Analysis, McGraw Hill Kogakusha Ltd: New York,
1975; Page 1.

3. Schirmer, R. E., Modern Methods of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2 ed.; CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton:
Florida, 1982; Vol. 1, Page 31.

4.Skoog, D. A.; West, D. M., Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 1 ed.; Holf-Saunders: Japan, 1982;
Vol. 5, Page 187-189.

5. Stenlake, J. B.; Backett, A. H., Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4 ed.; C.B.S. Publishers and
Distributors: New Delhi, 1997; Page 281-306.

6. Jeffery, G. H., Vogel's Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 5 ed.; ELBS with Longman group
Ltd.: U.K., 1983; Page 708-718.

IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e261

 © 2024 IJNRD | Volume 9, Issue 5 May 2024| ISSN: 2456-4184 | IJNRD.ORG

7. Sharma, B. K., Instrumental Method of Chemical Analysis, 12 ed.; Goel Publishing House: Merrut,
1992; p 56-126.

8. Swarbick, J. A., Pharmaceutical Analysis-Modern Methods, 2 ed.; Marcel Decker Series: New York,
1981; 3. Page

9. Hobart, H. W., et al., Instrumental Methods of Analysis, 7 ed.; CBS Publisher: New Dehli, 2003; p 159.

10. Ahuja, S.; Scypinski, S., Hand Book of Modern Pharmaceutical Analysis, Academic Press: 2001; Vol.
3, Page 1-22.

IJNRD2405429 International Journal of Novel Research and Development (www.ijnrd.org) e262