Satellite-Coms-Final-Quiz

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION FINAL TERM QUIZ
Gain-to-Equivalent Noise Temperature Ratio

𝐺
(𝑇 ) = 𝐺𝑟(𝑑𝐵) − 10 log(𝑇𝑎 + 𝑇𝑒𝑞 )
𝑑𝐵
290(𝐿−1)+𝑇𝑠𝑘𝑦
𝑇𝑒𝑞 = 𝐿
Where:
𝐺/𝑇 = figure of merit for receiving system, dB
𝐺𝑟 = receive antenna gain, dB
𝑇𝑎 = antenna equivalent noise temperature, K
𝑇𝑒𝑞 = receiver equivalent noise temperature, K
𝑇𝑠𝑘𝑦 = sky temperature, K
𝐿 = loss, unitless
Bit Energy
𝐶
𝐸𝑏 = 𝑓
𝑏
𝐸𝑏(𝑑𝐵𝑊) = 𝑃 𝑇(𝑑𝐵) − 𝑓𝑏(𝑑𝐵)
Where:
𝐸𝑏 = energy per bit, J/bit, dBW
𝐶 = carrier power, W
𝑓𝑏 = bit rate, bps , dB
𝑃𝑇 = Transmit Power, W , dB
Note: dB and dBW are same

Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
𝐶 𝐺
(𝑁 ) = 𝑃𝑡(𝑑𝐵) − 𝐿𝑡(𝑑𝐵) + 𝐺𝑡(𝑑𝐵) − 𝐹𝑆𝐿(𝑑𝐵) + (𝑇 ) − 10 log(𝑘) − 10 log(𝐵)
𝑑𝐵 𝑑𝐵
Where:
𝐶/𝑁 = carrier to noise power ratio
𝑘 = Boltzmann’s constant (1.38x10-23 J/K)
𝐵 = Bandwidth, Hz
𝐺/𝑇 = figure of merit, dB
𝐿 = losses, dB
𝐹𝑆𝐿 = free space loss, dB
𝑃𝑡 = transmit output power, dB
𝐿𝑡 = transmit losses, dB
𝐺𝑡 = transmit antenna gain, dB
Effective Radiated Power (ERP)

𝐸𝐼𝑅𝑃𝑑𝐵 = 𝑃𝑡(𝑑𝐵) − 𝐿𝑡(𝑑𝐵) + 𝐺𝑡(𝑑𝐵)
Where:
𝐸𝐼𝑅𝑃 = Effective Isotropic Power, dB
𝐸𝑅𝑃 = Effective Radiated Power, dV
𝑃𝑡 = transmit output power, dBW
𝐿𝑡 = transmit losses, dB
𝐺𝑡 = transmit antenna gain, dB
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
𝐶 𝐺
(𝑁 ) = 𝑃𝑡(𝑑𝐵) − 𝐿𝑡(𝑑𝐵) + 𝐺𝑡(𝑑𝐵) − 𝐹𝑆𝐿(𝑑𝐵) + (𝑇 ) − 10 log(𝑘) − 10 log(𝐵)
𝑑𝐵 𝑑𝐵
Satellite Range (Distance)
(𝑅 + 𝐻)2 = 𝑅2 + 𝑑 2 − 2𝑑𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒 (90 + 𝛽)
Where:
d = distance or range, km
R = true Earth radius (6370 km) use 6400 km
H = satellite’s height above Earth’s surface, km
𝛽 = angle of elevation, degrees
Note: Geostationary satellite orbits the earth in a radius or distance of (H )36000 km.
Orbital Period (Time)
𝑑 2𝜋(𝑅𝑘𝑚 +𝐻𝑘𝑚 )
𝑡= =
𝑣
4×1011
3.6√
𝑅𝑘𝑚 +𝐻𝑘𝑚
Satellite Velocity
4×1011
𝑣𝑘𝑝ℎ = 3.6√𝑅 remove 3.6 for mph
𝑘𝑚 +𝐻𝑘𝑚
Satellite Uplink receiver frequency

𝑓𝑢 = 𝑓𝑑 + 𝑓𝑜
Where:
𝑓𝑢 = uplink frequency
𝑓𝑑 = downlink frequency
𝑓𝑜 = offset frequency (difference of 𝑓𝑢 & 𝑓𝑑 )
Received Signal Level (RSL)

𝑅𝑆𝐿𝑑𝐵 = 𝑃𝑡(𝑑𝐵) − 𝐿𝑡(𝑑𝐵) + 𝐺𝑡(𝑑𝐵) − 𝐹𝑆𝐿𝑑𝐵 + 𝐺𝑟𝑑𝐵 − 𝐿𝑟𝑑𝐵
Satellite Declination Angle
𝑅 sin 𝐿
𝜃 = arctan (𝐻+𝑅(1−cos 𝐿))
Where:
𝜃 = declination Angle
𝑅 = true Earth radius (6370 km) use 6400 km
𝐻 = satellite’s height above Earth’s surface, km
𝐿 = Earth station latitude, degrees
Gain-to-Equivalent Noise Temperature Ratio

𝐺
(𝑇 ) = 𝐺𝑟(𝑑𝐵) − 10 log(𝑇𝑎 + 𝑇𝑒𝑞 )
𝑑𝐵
290(𝐿−1)+𝑇𝑠𝑘𝑦
𝑇𝑒𝑞 = 𝐿
Where:
𝐺/𝑇 = figure of merit for receiving system, dB
𝐺𝑟 = receive antenna gain, dB
𝑇𝑎 = antenna equivalent noise temperature, K
𝑇𝑒𝑞 = receiver equivalent noise temperature, K
𝑇𝑠𝑘𝑦 = sky temperature, K
𝐿 = loss, unitless
Arc length
𝑠 = 𝑟𝜃𝑟𝑎𝑑
𝜋
𝑠 = (𝑅𝑘𝑚 + 𝐻𝑘𝑚 )(𝑡𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒) (180)
Where:
𝑠 = arc length (in radians)
𝑟 = radius
𝜃𝑟𝑎𝑑 = central angle in radians
Q: constant po ba talaga yung 0.2??
A: Oo, constant siya. Ginagamit siya sa mga satellite arc length calculations para makuha ang tamang
posisyon ng satellite relative sa Earth. Kung mas malayo, mas mababa ang angle ng declination."
Q: Yung answer ko po sa round-trip time, may
kasamang approximation sa speed of light, tama
ba?
A: Ok lang, basta huwag mong palitan ng speed

ng internet mo!
Q: Sir, paano po yung round-trip time kung flat

Earth ang assumption?
A: Flat Earth? Pambihira Suntukan na lang!
Via Net loss
𝑉𝑁𝐿𝑑𝐵 = 0.2𝑡𝑚𝑠 + 0.4

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SATELLITE COMMUNICATION FINAL TERM QUIZ

Gain-to-Equivalent Noise Temperature Ratio

𝐸𝑏(𝑑𝐵𝑊) = 𝑃 𝑇(𝑑𝐵) − 𝑓𝑏(𝑑𝐵)

Note: dB and dBW are same

Effective Radiated Power (ERP)

Orbital Period (Time)

Satellite Uplink receiver frequency

Received Signal Level (RSL)

Gain-to-Equivalent Noise Temperature Ratio

Q: constant po ba talaga yung 0.2??

A: Ok lang, basta huwag mong palitan ng speed

Q: Sir, paano po yung round-trip time kung flat

A: Flat Earth? Pambihira Suntukan na lang!

Via Net loss

𝑉𝑁𝐿𝑑𝐵 = 0.2𝑡𝑚𝑠 + 0.4

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