Shivaji University, Kolhapur

Question Bank for March 2022 (Summer) Examination

Subject Code: 79503 Subject Name: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Common subject Code (if any): _________________________________________________

Objective Type Questions (02 Marks)

1. Define the terms a) Biotechnology b) Enzyme immobilization

2. Enlist various applications of Pharmaceutical biotechnology.

3. What are the benefits of enzyme immobilization?

4. Write the advantages and disadvantages of entrapment method of enzyme

immobilization.
5. Brief the role of a) Protease b) Amylase

6. Write the names of the source micro-organism used for the production of
a) Protease b) Amylase
7. What do you mean by biosensor? Give its various components
8. Brief the role of a) Penicillinase b) Catalase
9. Brief the role of a) Peroxidase b) Lipase
10. Enlist applications of protein engineering
11. Write various characteristics of vectors.
12. List different enzymes used for gene cloning.
13. Define vector and enlist its different types.
14. Define the terms a) Genetic engineering b) Transformation
15. Write suitable examples (atleast 2) of a) Plasmid vectors b) Restriction enzymes
16. Define the terms a) Vector b) Gene therapy
17. Write advantages and disadvantages of recombinant insulin.
18. Write applications of genetic engineering in medicine.
19. Brief the role of primer in PCR.
20. Write the role of DNA polymerase in PCR.
21. Enlist methods used for direct (vector less) gene transfer.
22. What is PCR? Give its applications.
23. Define the terms a) Plasmid b) Bacteriophage
24. What are interferons? Give its bio-significance.
25. Give any four examples of attenuated viral vaccines.
26. Write the role of the following: a) DNA Polymerase b) Restriction Endonuclease
c) Reverse transcriptase d) DNA Ligase
27. Define the terms a) Antigen b) Antibody c) Attenuation d) Hypersensitivity
28. Write functions of MHC molecules.
29. Draw a neat labeled diagram showing structure of IgA and IgM molecules.
30. What is Allergic hypersensitivity? Enlist its causes.
31. Define the terms a) Immunostimulation b) Immunosupression
32. What is Immunity? Enlist various factors governing immunity of an individual.
33. What are T cells? What are their various subtypes?
34. What is HAT medium? How it helps in selection of Hybridoma cells?
35. Write advantages and disadvantages of recombinant vaccines.
36. Differentiate between vaccine and toxoid.
37. Differentiate between monoclonal and polyclonal antibody
38. What are the ideal properties of plasma substitutes?
39. What are different types of immunostimulants?
40. What is blotting? Enlist various types of blotting techniques.
41. Enlist various modes of gene exchange and brief any one.
42. Define the terms a) Transduction b) Conjugation
43. Write in brief about Griffith’s experiment for bacterial transformation
44. Define and classify mutation.
45. Define mutagens and give its different types.
46. List various applications of microbial transformation.
47. What is SDS-PAGE? Write the role of SDS in PAGE.
48. What is the Long form of ELISA? Enlist various types ELISA test along with their
applications.
49. What do you mean by Western Blotting Technique? Which membrane is used in the
blotting of Proteins?
50. Draw a diagram showing transfer sand witch prepared during blotting of DNA
molecules in Southern Blotting Technique.
51. Differentiate between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
52. What are transposons?
53. Draw a neat labeled diagram of a fermenter.
54. Define and classify fermenters.
55. Write the characteristics of ideal fermenter.
56. Write the ideal characteristics of fermentation medium.
57. What is the use of following: a) Tachometer b) Water jacket c) Sparger
d) Turbidostat
58. List applications of fermentation technology to the field of Pharmacy.
59. What is the use of following: a) DO2 probe b) Vegetable oil added to fermenter
c) Impellers d) Baffles in fermenter
60. What is antifoam? Enlist few antifoaming agents used by the fermentation industry.
61. Write advantages of air-lift fermenters
62. Write the advantages and disadvantages of batch fermentation
63. Give various advantages of solid substratum fermentation (SSF).
64. What is in situ recovery? Enlist various methods of in situ recovery of fermentation
product.
65. What are the common ingredients used in fermentation medium?
Short Answer Questions (05 Marks)
1. Enlist various methods of Immobilization of enzymes. Add a short note on cross
linking method used for the immobilization of the enzyme.
2. Discuss in brief the general method used in the fermentative production of enzymes.
3. Describe various applications of Enzyme Immobilization.
4. Give procedure, advantages, disadvantages and applications of adsorption
immobilization technique.
5. Describe the production and applications of Lipase.
6. Classify biosensors and explain their working principle.
7. Write various applications of biosensors to the field of clinical medicine.
8. Write procedure, advantages, disadvantages and applications of entrapment
immobilization technique.
9. Discuss production and applications of Amylase.
10. Add a short note on ‘Role of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering’.
11. Discuss the importance of plasmids as cloning vehicles in genetic engineering.
12. With a suitable diagram explain the structure of artificial plasmid vector pBR 322.
13. Discuss in short a roles of various enzymes used in recombinant DNA technology.
14. Describe the production of Interferons by r-DNA technology.
15. Summarize various applications of r-DNA technology to the field of medicine.
16. List down various techniques of direct gene transfer. Explain any two in detail.
17. Describe the production of Humulin (Insulin) by r-DNA technology.
18. Give the production of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) vaccine by recombinant
DNA technology.
19. Enlist various non-specific defense mechanisms of human host. Add a short note on
Complement fixation.
20. Differentiate between Cellular and Humoral Immunity.
21. Discuss in brief causes, symptoms, pathophysiology and management of type I
Hypersensitivity reaction.
22. Give the systematic classification of various immunological products.
23. Add a note on ‘Plasma substitutes’.
24. Describe the structure and functions of MHC Class I and Class II molecules.
25. Elucidate the general method used in the production of inactivated bacterial
vaccines.
26. What are antibodies? Enlist their different types and explain their various functions.
27. Differentiate between Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.
28. With a neat labeled diagram discuss the principle and procedure of Sandwich
ELISA technique.
29. Explain the principle and procedure of Indirect ELISA test.
30. Add a note on ELISA.
31. Define Microbial transformation. Explain in short various types of microbial
biotransformation reactions.
32. Using a well labeled diagram explain the Griffith’s Experiment of Transformation
of bacterial cells.
33. Describe Conjugation: A mode of genetic exchange in bacteria.
34. Elucidate Transduction: An important mode of genetic exchange in bacterial cells.
35. Write various steps involved in ‘Southern blotting technique’.
36. Add a note on ‘Western blotting technique’.
37. What do you mean by ‘in situ recovery’? Explain various techniques of in situ
recovery of fermentation product.
38. How will you monitor and control different parameters in large scale fermentation?
39. With a suitable diagram explain the construction and working of a typical bioreactor
or fermenter.
40. What are fermenters? How they are classified?
41. What is submerged fermentation? Explain any two fermenters used for submerged
fermentation.
42. Enumerate steps involved in typical batch fermentation operation.
43. Elaborate various steps involved in the recovery of an intracellular fermentation
product.
44. Write a short note on: a) Fluidized bed bioreactor b) Packed column bioreactor
45. Define Plasma substitutes. Write ideal properties of plasma substitute. Add a short
note on ‘Dextrans used as plasma substitutes’.
Long Answer Questions (10 Marks)
1. What are biosensors? Write advantages, working and applications of different types
of biosensors.
2. What is Enzyme immobilization? Explain in detail various techniques of Enzyme
immobilization with respect to the advantages, disadvantages and applications.
3. Discuss in detail the general method used in the commercial production of an
enzyme using fermentation technology.
4. Discuss in detail ‘various applications of r-DNA technology in the field of
medicine’.
5. Give a detailed account on People’s Choice reaction (PCR) with respect to
requirements, method involved and applications.
6. Describe various techniques of gene transfer used in genetic engineering.
7. Give an exhaustive account of ‘Non-specific defense mechanisms of the host’
8. Describe in detail ‘Hybridoma technology’ with respect to production, purification
and applications.
9. Give a detail account on immunoglobulins with respect to structure, types and
physiological functions.
10. Add a detailed note on Immunoblotting technique used for the separation and
identification of proteins.
11. Give exhaustive account of ‘ELISA: An important technique of Immunology’.
12. Describe in detail principle, procedure and applications of Blotting technique
 involved separation and identification of DNA molecules.
13. Describe in detail about method used for the commercial production of Penicillin by
fermentation technology.
14. Give an exhaustive account on fermentative production of Vitamin B12.
15. Classify in detail various blood products. Give a brief account on their processing,
storage, applications.