4_Lab04_BT_2024

Abdullah Gul University
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

EE 3006 – Electromechanical Energy Conversion Capsule
Lab #04
Parameter determination of a 3 phase Induction Machine
OBJECTIVE:
To become familiar with the equivalent circuit for a 3-phase induction machine.
BACKGROUND:
The equivalent circuit of an induction motor referred to the stator is shown in Figure 1. It is easy to see
that the circuit is very similar to the transformer equivalent circuit. In the induction motor circuit,
however, the rotor resistance is divided by the slip (s) to account for the motor loading.
Figure 1. Per phase equivalent circuit for an induction motor
The machine slip is defined as:
 s − r
s=
s
where,
s : synchronousspeed (rad/ sec)
r : mechanical (rotor)speed (rad/ sec)
The slip therefore depends on the motor speed which is affected by the loading conditions. If the motor
is running without any load then ωr ≈ ωs and s becomes approximately zero. With a zero slip the
equivalent rotor resistance (R2/s) approaches infinity and practically no current flows through the rotor
circuit. This is equivalent to the open circuit test of a transformer. For this condition the magnetizing
reactance and core loss (Xm and Rc) dominate the circuit. By measuring input power, voltage and current
these two parameters can be determined.
If the input quantities are directly used to calculate Rc, this resistance is assumed to account for all the
no load losses. It is more accurate, however, to separate out the mechanical losses due to friction and
windage. To do this the friction and windage loss can be estimated by measuring power loss at different
voltages and extrapolating the losses to zero volts. At zero volts all electrical losses are zero and what
remains are mechanical loses. This power should be subtracted from the input power before calculating
Rc to obtain a more accurate value.
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Lab#04
If the rotor is blocked to keep it from moving ωr becomes zero and the slip becomes 1. Under this
condition the impedance of the rotor branch is much smaller than the magnetizing and core loss
impedances which can, therefore, be ignored. With measurements of power, current and voltage, (X1+X2)
and (R1+R2) can be calculated. Separate values for X1 and X2 are found by considering them equal. The
stator resistance (R1) can be isolated by making resistance measurements.
Because the flux of an induction motor is induced from the stator, the speed-torque relationships of this
type of motor is fairly complex. Figure 2 shows a typical induction motor speed-torque curve.
Figure 2. Speed torque characteristic of an induction machine.
At speeds near synchronous speed (ωs) the speed-torque curve is nearly linear and can be considered
roughly proportional to the slip. This linear region is typically where induction machines would operate.
For most loads the nonlinear region is unstable. For the few loads which are capable of operating in the
nonlinear region currents and losses are extremely high making it undesirable.
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Lab#04
PROCEDURE:
A. No-load Test for Induction Machine:
i) Measure the stator resistance using a multimeter. R1 =_______ Ω
ii) Connect the circuit shown in Figure 3.
L1
L2
L3
1 3 5
2 4 6
Dynamometer
1 3 5
PE Motor ϑ
L1 N
2 4 6 1 2 I1 U1 U2
I1
3 4 I2 I2 V1 3φ V2
5 6 I3 I3 W1 IM W2
Figure 3. Induction Machine Connection
iii) Decouple the motor from the dynamometer.

iv) Switch on the 3 phase switch to apply voltage to the motor. Thus, the motor is running
at rated speed under NO LOAD condition.
v) Record the voltage, current, speed, and input power of the motor into Table I.
Table I.
Ul-l(V)
I(A)
Pi(W)
ωm(rpm)
B. Locked Rotor Test for Induction Machine:

i) Couple the motor with the dynamometer.
ii) Turn on the dynamometer and select “Speed Control” mode. This mode will keep the
motor speed at the desired value.
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Lab#04
iii) Activate the speed control by pressing town the control knob and keep the speed at the
zero value.
iv) Prepare to record the measurements in short time because the motor will take too much
current and heat up quickly. DO NOT apply voltage more than 10 seconds.
v) Using the switch, apply voltage to the motor and record the voltage, current, and input
power of the motor.
Table II.
Ul-l(V)
I(A)
Pi(W)
vi) After switching off the motor excitation, deactivate the dynamometer speed control by
pressing down the control knob.
Post-lab:
a) Calculate the induction machine parameters using the measurements recorded in no load and
locked rotor tests.
a. R2,
b. X1,
c. X2,
d. Xm,
e. Rc
b) Make research on 112-2017 - IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors
and Generators and try to spot the difference between the procedure we applied in this lab and
the IEEE standard.
c) Make any additional comments relevant to the experiment.

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Abdullah Gul University

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Figure 1. Per phase equivalent circuit for an induction motor

The machine slip is defined as:

Figure 2. Speed torque characteristic of an induction machine.

Figure 3. Induction Machine Connection

iii) Decouple the motor from the dynamometer.

B. Locked Rotor Test for Induction Machine:

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