Introduction

There is a global energy transition away from fossil fuel-based generation, especially to reduce a part of the
existing 2 Tera Watt of coal capacity that is already, or likely to become, uneconomic over this decade. India
has also started shutting down some of the existing coal plants in the recent years and more plants are poised for
shutdown over the next few years. India has also seen retirement of 6.2 GW capacity over FY18-20 and there
was also an announcement by the Indian Power Minister in October 2020 that 29 additional coal plants will be
retired to create space for renewable power.1
The state of West Bengal has some of the older generating units including 4X60 MW at Bandel Thermal Power
Station (BTPS) that were commissioned in 1965/66, i.e., 55-56 years old. Two of these units have already been
dismantled and the other two units are also barely utilized that are receiving active consideration for retirement.
There are also two 36/37year old 210 MW units at the Kolaghat Thermal Power Station (KTPS) that are
potential candidates for retirement. Such units can be considered for repurposing, which is essentially
understanding that what an abandoned site can be used for. In fact, there is a potential for a repurposing of the
entire KTPS site in 2022. Based on the preliminary information available, an assessment of these four units (U1
and U2 in BTPS and U1 and U2 in KTPS) is required to be undertaken.
Since early 2019, the World Bank is also studying the potential for repurposing coal plants to re-use the site for
energy generation, ancillary services and energy storage purposes including continued use of part of the existing
infrastructure that can reduce the cost of these services. 2 Rationale for envisioning repurposing coal plant sites
with cleaner energy infrastructure relies on the principles of (i) reuse of the existing power transmission
infrastructure, (ii) development of new generation capacity needed for the incoming years, (iii) providing
relevant ancillary services to the system, and (iv) mitigate socio-economic impact of the proposed site and
operating asset changes. Such a project is being pursued with ESKOM South Africa for four of its coal plants
and can be a potent option for plants in India that are fast losing competitiveness against renewables. 3 The Just
Energy Transition (including coal decommissioning and repurposing) in several Bank’s large client countries is
expected to be a growing line of business for the Bank as it will be key to meet global climate change goals. As
renewables in India (including West Bengal) are expected to grow rapidly to meet the 450 GW renewable target
by 2030, it will be critical to form major flexibility centers to counter variability and maintain power system
stability. Old power plant sites including incumbent generators that can be converted to synchronous condensers
(SYNCON) fitted with fly wheels to provide inertia, and battery energy storage system (BESS) may form part
of the solution to offer such flexibility at lower cost and maintain part of the existing workforce.
The World Bank team working on Accelerating Coal Transition (ACT) facility is looking for the service of a
consulting firm (Consultant) to undertake a set of technical studies that provide a technical foundation for the
coal plant repurposing in West Bengal.

1
Reuters (2020), “India to replace coal fired power plants with renewables – minister “ October 6, 2020. Available online:
https://www.reuters.com/article/india-power/india-to-replace-coal-fired-power-plants-with-renewables-minister-
idUSKBN26R2EC
2
D. Chattopadhyay, S. Goyal and E. Tavoulareas, A Renewable Rebirth of Coal, January, 2019. World Bank.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331471072_A_Renewable_Rebirth_of_Coal_Re-purposing_of_coal_plants
3
G. Shrimali and A. Goyal, Repurposing coal plants into solar and battery can pay up to 5 times more than
decommissioning, https://ieefa.org/ieefa-repurposing-coal-plants-into-solar-and-battery-can-pay-up-to-5-times-more-than-
decommissioning/
Executive Summary and Recommendations from PFR
In the Pre Feasibility Study on Repurposing Option assessment, the following tasks were carried out:
Task 1 - Power System Study and Load Flow Analysis: to ascertain whether the remainder of the existing
system and planned capacity additions are possible to continue, absent the four units that are being retired, to
meet power and security of supply requirements in the state. The analysis should factor in different potential
scenarios according to the risks they induce for the power system. It should also identify potential gaps in
provision of ancillary services that may be created if the incumbent plants are taken out of service, keeping in
view the addition of substantial variable renewable energy in the state and to the broader Indian power system
and demand growth going forward.

Task 2 - Plant Site assessment: to undertake a technical analysis of potential options in the retiring process
for each generating unit, including the condition of the existing generator and electricals and provide cost
estimates for any reconditioning that may be needed to re-use the generator. This will require running tests on
the generators, assess availability and suitability of space for battery energy storage solutions, solar PV (ground
mounted and / or floating solar), etc.

Task 3 - Power generation repurposing analysis: to conduct a high-level technology options analysis that
may be available for both plant sites including but not limited to solar PV, concentrated solar, wind energy,
natural gas, biogas, biomass, battery storage, thermal storage, synchronous condenser, etc. This analysis should
lead to a short list of potential high-level options for each site and develop approximate quantum and general
estimates of costing for each technology.

The summarised outcome of the study is as below for Bandel Site:

1. 280 MVAr reactive power in terms of capacitors or SYNCON unit are potential options for voltage
correction to comply with the grid code requirements.
2. Solar PV based generation in Ash Pond and Barren Land
3. BESS for 300 MWh with 4 hours storage
4. Demolition of existing facilities to the extent required.
 TECHNICAL SCOPE OF WORK

The Scope of Work shall include the following for all options:

1. Overall Project Salient Features

a. Project Background and Context
b. Project Elements & Project at A Glance
c. Summarised outcome of PFR

2. Project Location & Site Description

 Brief Description of Project Area/Region, Type of Lands
 Area location descriptions with detailed map showing State, District, Town, Village and specific
project site and it’s surroundings
 Site Parameters:
o Site address, site longitude-latitude
o Array tilts angle
o Azimuth
o Solar radiation
o Obstacle
o shadow
o distance of nearest sub-station / evacuation systems and grid status of substation
o approach road to site/ connectivity by road, train and air, distance from urban
infrastructures
o terrain
o levelization degree
o soil strength
o brief report on topographical survey
o availability of water, drainage system
o security
o availability of labours
o social support for power plant
o temperature and temperature variation of the site
o rainfall data, highest flood records
o highest wind speed at array level
o Seismic data/record etc.
 Detailed Soil test report and other tests reports
 Hourly metrological data/Weather Data
 Historical weather data of the project area
 Technology Selection for the proposed site

A: For Ground Mounted Solar PV Based Generation:

1. Power potential studies and simulation

 Solar Radiations from multiple Sources
 Comparative Studies and reasons/justifications for selection of data
 Typical System specifications considered
 Estimated Energy generation and its justification/basis of calculations
 Actual generation data in the state/region in last couple of years/months/days
 Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Benefits

2. Technical aspects involving plant design and system integration

 Solar PV plant design and Systems Integrations
 Solar PV technologies, advantages and disadvantages. Comparison of Crystalline Technologies,
Comparison of Thin Film Technologies. Market share of technologies
 Complete design of plant, General Project Layout, schematic diagram and brief description of each
component.
 Criteria for selection of units
  Technical features and other special design aspects of the plant
 Solar PV generation report considering system losses
 Shadow Analysis
 Integrations of SPV modules/array, systems components and grid interfacing
 Descriptions of Balance of systems and choice of technology
 Power generation scheme and schematic operation
 Metering & Instrumentations including SCADA systems etc

3. Main plant equipment design criteria

 Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) Module types
 Module mounting structures
 Tracking Systems and controls
 Power conditioning unit (PCU)
 Grid connection arrangements
 Monitoring systems
 Control room
 Balance of systems
 Water for cleaning
 LT power interfacing panel
 Computer aided data acquisition systems and monitoring systems
 Lightning and over voltage protections
 Earthing systems
 Energy meters and Protective relays
 Cable and connectors

4. Power evacuation schemes

 Suitability of SPV power plant units to operate in parallel with grid
 Erection and installations of power evacuation arrangements
 Power evacuations diagram
 Grid synchronization systems with grid with schematic diagram
 Transformers, Instrument transformers, Circuit Breakers etc
 Protection, Lightning Arrestors, Metering and Control cubicles etc
 Isolators and insulators etc
 Steel Structures, towers and pools etc
 Safety and Earthing systems, lightening protections etc
 AC & DC auxiliary power supply arrangements
 Grid interconnection arrangements at 33 kV and above feeder line or station
 Power requirement arrangement during construction
 Safety regulations

5. Technical specifications and standards

 Specification of major items
 Relevant standards
 Photovoltaic module testing
 Photovoltaic products quality assurance
 Typical specifications of cables and connectors

6. Warranty & Performance Guarantee

 Performance warranties of the plants
 Mode of performance measurement & penalties

7. Supply & Contracts

 Bills of Materials
 Type of Procurement/Contract procedures & Process
 EPC contract/Turnkey contract, multiple contracts etc
 Services offered, Qualification and experience criteria etc
 List of Potential Suppliers

8. O&M Requirements
  Overview and systems design philosophy
 Standard Operation requirements
 Standard Maintenance plan and scheduled maintenance
 Preventive maintenance and its guidelines
 Spare parts & management system
 Training of O & M Staff and availability of O & M Manual
 Special Tools & Machines, Servicing kits etc
 Checklist & Protocol
 Manpower for operation, maintenance and administrative staff for the plant

9. Project Implementation Schedule

 Project implementation strategy & progressing reporting mechanism
 Phase-I Project Development
 Phase-II Finalization of the Equipment and Contracts
 Phase-III Procurement and Construction
 Phase-IV Erection and commissioning phase
 Civil Works including site levelling, mounting structures, transmission lines, Power House,
Switchyard, Approach Road, Staff Quarters, Fencing/boundary wall, power evacuation facilities,
cablings, lightings etc.

10. Organisational Arrangements

 Staff structures and key personals
 Skill and unskilled staffs
 Training programmes

11. Project Cost Estimates & Financial Analysis

 Project Costing
 Financial Analysis Assumptions
 Cash flow
 Sensitivity Analysis
 Financial Results/Indicators

B: For Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)

1. Preamble: The preamble to detailed analysis of the BESS should contain an account and analysis of the
following for setting the context of BESS at the site:
 Current Status of Indian Grid
 Current Status of Eastern Grid
 Historical Electricity Supply & Demand
 Daily and Yearly Power Supply Curves

2. Power Storage Technologies

 Available Storage technologies
 Storage battery costs
 Storage Application and chemistry
 Utility Scale Battery Storage Installations in Service (Case Study)
 Recommended Technology

3. BESS Equipment & System Design

 Specification of major items
 Relevant standards
 Fire Prevention System
o Assessment of Fire Risk
o Definition of Buffer Zone
o Thermal Runaway
o Ventilation & Temperature Control
o Gas Detection and Smoke Detection System
 o Fire Protection & Water Supply
 Power conditioning unit (PCU)
 Grid connection arrangements
 Monitoring systems
 Control room
 Balance of systems
 Computer aided data acquisition systems and monitoring systems
 Lightning and over voltage protections
 Earthing systems
 Energy meters and Protective relays
 Cable and connectors
 Typical specifications of cables and connectors

4. Power Evacuation and Charging Scheme:

 Suitability of BESS units to operate in parallel with grid
 Erection and installations of power evacuation arrangements
 Power evacuations diagram
 Grid synchronization systems with grid with schematic diagram
 Transformers, Instrument transformers, Circuit Breakers etc
 Protection, Lightning Arrestors, Metering and Control cubicles etc
 Isolators and insulators etc
 Steel Structures, towers and pools etc
 Safety and Earthing systems, lightening protections etc
 AC & DC auxiliary power supply arrangements
 Grid interconnection arrangements at 33 kV and above feeder line or station
 Power requirement arrangement during construction
 Safety regulations

5. Warranty & Performance Guarantee

 Performance warranties of the plants
 Mode of performance measurement & penalties

6. Supply & Contracts

 Bills of Materials
 Type of Procurement/Contract procedures & Process
 EPC contract/Turnkey contract, multiple contracts etc
 Services offered, Qualification and experience criteria etc
 List of Potential Suppliers

7. O&M Requirements
 Overview and systems design philosophy
 Standard Operation requirements
 Standard Maintenance plan and scheduled maintenance
 Preventive maintenance and its guidelines
 Spare parts & management system
 Training of O & M Staff and availability of O & M Manual
 Special Tools & Machines, Servicing kits etc
 Checklist & Protocol
 Manpower for operation, maintenance and administrative staff for the plant

8. Project Implementation Schedule

 Project implementation strategy & progressing reporting mechanism
 Phase-I Project Development
 Phase-II Finalization of the Equipment and Contracts
 Phase-III Procurement and Construction
 Phase-IV Erection and commissioning phase
  Civil Works including site levelling, mounting structures, transmission lines, Power House,
Switchyard, Approach Road, Staff Quarters, Fencing/boundary wall, power evacuation facilities,
cablings, lightings etc.

9. Organisational Arrangements
 Staff structures and key personals
 Skill and unskilled staffs
 Training programmes

10. Project Cost Estimates & Financial Analysis

 Project Costing
 Financial Analysis Assumptions
 Cash flow
 Sensitivity Analysis
 Financial Results/Indicators

C: For Synchronous Condenser

1. Preamble: Preamble to the SYNCON implementation analysis should include the following:
 Context extracted from the PRE Feasibility Report
 Assessment of Health of Generators at BTPS site

2. Detailed RLA study

The following are the brief scope of work to conduct the RLA study of Generator Stator & Rotor.

 Assessing the present condition of the Generator by evaluating Operational data and analyzing the
Maintenance records and History of outages.
 Identify defects in the Generator, particularly those, that could lead to loss of generation.
 Physical & visual inspection of the Generator Stator & Rotor as detailed below.
 Electrical Testing of various parts of the generator Stator & Rotor as detailed below.
 Furnishing detailed report on RLA studies together with RUN/REPAIR/REPLACE decisions for all the
components/systems.

Visual Inspection:

STATOR:

 Visual & Endoscopic inspection of Stator winding through ventilations to evaluate the condition of
insulation and to detect evidence Partial discharge activities, Mechanical wear of insulation, insulation
cracks, filler migration, deterioration of stress grading system etc.
 Visual inspection of stator overhang winding, support, ties and support fixing bolts
 Visual & endoscopic inspection of core to check for any mechanical damage of stamping or ventilation
spacers, overheating or burning mark, looseness etc.
 Visual inspection of stator casing for mechanical damage, looseness of trunion/foundation bolts etc.
 Visual inspection of all the bushing for presence of any cracks, fretting products or evidence of
looseness or defects, electrical tracking, overheating etc.
 Inspection of Hydrogen coolers for chemical corrosion, deposit, discoloration, tube plugging, tube
vibration, deformation, damaged fins etc.
 Inspection of Hydrogen seal for rubbing, damaged locking arrangement, cracks, mechanical damages,
electrical pitting etc.
 Inspection of Generator Bearings for rubbing, damaged, cracks, overheating, electrical pitting etc.

ROTOR:

 Visual and endoscopic inspection of accessible part of the winding for coil displacement or
deformation, contamination or copper dust generation, turn/slot insulation displacement, arcing/burning
marks, overheating marks, mechanical damage, wedge looseness, any missing or loose parts etc.
  Inspection of rotor wedges for looseness, overheating marks, mechanical damages or contamination in-
situ condition
 Inspection of all bolts and fasteners, wedge locking grub screws, balancing bolts for their intactness,
tightness and proper locking
 Inspection of forging for crack, overheating, rust, fretting, contamination, damage etc.
 Visual inspection of retaining rings (in-situ condition) to detect cracks, fretting, shifting of shrink fit,
etching, burning mark/overheating mark, mechanical damage etc.
 Inspection of fan blades for presence of any crack, contamination, Mechanical damage, missing
components, defective locks, deformation, displacement/ looseness etc.
 Inspection of Slip rings surface for groove depth, uniformity of surface wear, overheating/ burning, any
mechanical damage etc.
 Check condition of accessible portion of insulation between slip ring and rotor shaft for deterioration,
contamination, cracks, puffing of insulation, arcing or burning marks, mechanical damage.

EXCITATION SYSTEM

 Check the Static Panel of excitation system for proper functional test
 Check the panel components for obsolescence & upgradation.

Testing:

STATOR:

 IR and PI measurement
 DC high voltage withstand test
 Off-line Partial discharge test
 Capacitance & Tan δ measurement: 0.2 Un/√3 to Un/√3 in steps of 0.2Un up to 12 kV max.
 Winding resistance measurement
 Wedge tightness/deflection test
 NFT of end winding
 Stator winding water flow measurement
 Hydraulic & pneumatic test of stator winding
 Checking of RTDs (both core and winding)
 ELCID test
 Checking core looseness by “Knife test”
 Hydro test of Hydrogen Coolers

ROTOR:

 DC resistance of rotor winding

 AC impedance of rotor winding in steps
 Measurement of Insulation Resistance
 RSO of rotor winding at stand still
 Gas tightness test – Customer scope, test results shall be shared with bidder
 Purge test - Customer scope, test results shall be shared with bidder
 DPT/UT of retaining ring, fan blades, coupling bolts, & Journal etc.
 MPI of fan hub
 DPT and UT of Seal ring babbited surface

3. Assessment of Health and Operational Capability of Auxiliary Systems:

 Seal Oil System

 Lube Oil System
 Stator Cooling System
 Rotor Cooling System
 DMCW system
 Oil Centrifuge, Pumps and Oil Coolers
 All auxiliary pumps and Motors
4. Assessment of Retrofit & Modification Requirements:

 Structural modifications required for installation of Fly Wheel

 Bearing suitability
 Building stability analysis post installation of fly wheel and dynamic stability analysis at
steady state conditions
 Recommendation for structural reinforcements required (If any)
 Analysis of requirement of prime-mover and gearbox arrangements and installation
recommendation.
5. Grid Connection Requirement

 Grid interconnection through GT at rated Voltage Level

 Requirement of Circuit Breakers, Isolators, CTs, PTs.
 Insulators, Lightning Arresters, Protection Relays
 Metering Systems

6. Technical specifications and standards

 Specification of major items
 Relevant standards

7. Warranty & Performance Guarantee

 Performance warranties of the plants
 Mode of performance measurement & penalties

8. Supply & Contracts

 Bills of Materials
 Type of Procurement/Contract procedures & Process
 EPC contract/Turnkey contract, multiple contracts etc
 Services offered, Qualification and experience criteria etc
 List of Potential Suppliers

9. O&M Requirements
 Overview and systems design philosophy
 Standard Operation requirements
 Standard Maintenance plan and scheduled maintenance
 Preventive maintenance and its guidelines
 Spare parts & management system
 Training of O & M Staff and availability of O & M Manual
 Special Tools & Machines, Servicing kits etc
 Checklist & Protocol
 Manpower for operation, maintenance and administrative staff for the plant

10. Project Implementation Schedule

 Project implementation strategy & progressing reporting mechanism
 Phase-I Project Development
 Phase-II Finalization of the Equipment and Contracts
 Phase-III Procurement and Construction
 Phase-IV Erection and commissioning phase

11. Organisational Arrangements

 Staff structures and key personals
 Skill and unskilled staffs
 Training programmes

12. Project Cost Estimates & Financial Analysis

 Project Costing
  Financial Analysis Assumptions
 Cash flow
 Sensitivity Analysis
 Financial Results/Indicators

D: General Scope of Work

In addition to above for 3 specific technologies, the following tasks are to be performed and reports are to
included in the final DPR.

 Demolition plan for superfluous structures and space creation for BESS and Solar
 Overall Project SWOT analysis
 Detailed Environmental and Social Impact Analysis and mitigation measures
 Overall Project Risk Assessment
o Technical Risks
o Financial Risks
o Policy & Regulatory Risks
o Social & Environmental Risks
o Climate Risks
 Requirement of Permits and Clearances

General Methodology:
 The consultant needs to submit the method statement/procedures covering all the activities and get it vetted
by the WBPDCL’s Project Manager/WB representative before start of the work.
 Throughout the course of the assignment, the consultant will have reporting lines to WBPDCL project
manager on regular basis (at least once in two weeks or as per mutual agreement) during planning phase
and on daily basis during field visit/survey phase through reports/calls.
 The assignment will need close interaction (including collection of all relevant data/studies) with
concerned authorities from state and central agencies and their departments.
 The consultant is expected to undertake site visits, carry out stakeholder consultation, collect secondary
data and send meeting reports (emails).
 Participation in necessary meetings as required by WBPDCL’s project manager in Kolkata.
 International System of Units (SI) system should be used for all measurements.
 Survey Equipment: The consultant shall mobilize required number of survey equipment. The consultant
needs to submit the list of equipment, equipment specifications, equipment brochures, equipment
calibration / verification certificates, CVs of deployed personnel on site, project planning with all settings
in the survey software, etc.
 All input and output data files will be handed over to WBPDCL in an editable format during/at end of the
assignment.
 Survey Equipment: The Bidder shall mobilise required number of survey equipment and survey vessel and
all necessary equipment for drilling bore and collecting soil/ rock samples, conducting in situ soil tests and
other studies. He shall use appropriate and adequate number of calibrated precision instruments and
equipment’s required for the successful execution of the work as defined in scope of work. Successful
Bidder may be required to present calibration certificates of the equipment used in the survey.
 Maintenance of Records: Bidder shall properly maintain all the survey records. If in the opinion of the
Employer the object entries are unsatisfactory, he may order the survey work to be redone. All field work
(soft copy) shall be maintained for submission to the Employer in editable format.
 Additional Notes for Generator RLA
o Dismantling of Generator including Rotor Thread out/in shall be in contractor scope. Also, if
any further dismantling of Generator component is required for Visual inspection/testing, the
same shall be in contractor scope.
o If any defect identified during inspection or testing, the repair/remedy of the same shall be
recommended by contractor with estimation of time and cost.
o Inspection of terminal bushings shall be carried out in-situ condition without removal from
position. If any abnormality found, the removal/replacement of bushing shall be carried out at
no extra time & cost by the contractor.
o Power supply & Instrument air points shall be provided by customer as per requirement
o The proposed RLA study is to check the present condition of the Generator & it’s
components.
Expected Output:
The consultant report would include the following:
 Draft Detailed Project Report along with detailed Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, etc.
 Final Detail project report summarizing the results, opinions and conclusions of the aforementioned scope.
 All drawing & charts shall be made in good quality of chart paper in A0 size and submit each set-in folder.
 AutoCAD drawings in dwg and pdf file format.
 All raw data, edited data, processed data and final plotting charts etc. of survey results and PFR shall be
submitted along with final charts in soft copy.
 All field work (soft copy) shall be maintained for submission to WBPDCL in an editable format.
 A comprehensive 05 sets hard copies and 02 sets soft copies (in USB drive & CD-ROM) of DPR (covering
tasks listed above under scope of works.

1. Timelines: The consultant shall plan and execute the assignment to adhere the following timeline:
Activity/Deliverable Timeline Payments
Inception Report
Report as per Screening Criteria of the ESMF
Draft DPR Version 01
DPR Version 02 including ESIA
Final DPR

2. Key Experts Required:

 Project Manager: A relevant degree in engineering with at least 15 years of experience of working in
power sector, including 7 years of experience in renewable energy sector. Preferable to have worked in
Indian power sector.
 Solar Expert: Degree in engineering with 15 years of experience in power sector including min. 4 years
in solar sector.
 Transmission Expert: A relevant degree in engineering with at least 15 years of experience in
transmission sector.
 Financial Expert: CA/CFA/ICWA with at least 10 years of experience. Desirable to have experience
in power sector.
 A team of surveyors and analysts.
 To enhance the credentials for the assignment, the consulting firms may form technical consortiums.