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    Assignment 3 Sol

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    Momentum Vdo
    MSO 203 IITK

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    Assignment 3 Sol

    Uploaded by

    Momentum Vdo
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    MSO 203 IITK

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    MSO 203 IITK

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views4 pages

    Assignment 3 Sol

    Uploaded by

    Momentum Vdo
    MSO 203 IITK

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    MSO-203 M ASSIGNMENT 3

    IIT, KANPUR

    4th October , 2023

    Problem 1:

    1. Consider the following problem:


    ux − 3uy = u4 , u(x, 0) = 1
    a) Find a solution of the above problem using method of characteristics.
    b) Does two different projected characteristics intersects? Does there exist
    any point in R2 through which no projected characteristics passes?

    Solution: The characteristics equations are given by:

    x′ (t) = 1, x(0) = s,
    y ′ (t) = −3, y(0) = 0,
    z ′ (t) = z 4 (t), z(0) = 1.
    Solving the above equation we have
      13
    1
    z(t) = .
    1 − 3t
    y(t) = −3t,
    and
    x(t) = t + s.
      13   13
    1 1
    Therefore, u(x, y) = u(x(t), y(t)) = z(t) = 1−3t = 1+y . The solution is
    valid in the region
    {y > −1}.
    We have to choose the region
    {y > −1}.
    because the initial curve (X-axis) is in this region.
    The projected characteristics are parallel straight lines
    y
    x = − + s.
    3
    Hence they cover entire R2 and they do not intersect.

    1
    Problem 2:
    1. Let a, h : R → {t > 0}. Find a condition on the function a which ensures
    that the projected characteristics of the problem
    a(u)ux + uy = 0, u(x, 0) = h(x)
    intersects at some points on the set {y > 0} but do not intersects at any
    point of the set {y < 0}.
    Solution: The characteristics equations are given by:

    x′ (t) = a(z(t)), x(0) = s,


    y ′ (t) = 1, y(0) = 0,
    z ′ (t) = 0, z(0) = h(s).
    Then the projected characteristics is given by
    x = a(h(s))y + s.
    The gradient of these lines that passes through the point (s, 0) is 1/a(h(s)).
    Clearly, the projected characteristics will intersect at some points on the set
    {y > 0} but do not intersects at any point of the set {y < 0}, if
    s → 1/a(h(s))
    is an increasing function.
    Problem 3: Consider the following problem:

    ux + uy = u,
    u(x, x) = ex
    Then the above problem has
    1. infinitely many solutions
    2. no solution
    3. atmost finitely many solutions
    4. unique solution.
    Solution: 1. Clearly the infinite family of functions for each m in natural
    number,
    um (x, y) := emx−(m−1)y
    satisfy the above equation. True.
    2. Cannot be true as the previous one is true.
    3. Cannot be true as the previous one is true.
    4. Cannot be true as the previous one is true.

    Problem 4: Choose the correct answer(s):

    2
    a) ux + uy = u2 is a linear PDE.
    b) |∇u| = u is a non linear PDE.
    c) |∇u| = 1 is a semilinear PDE.
    d) uux + uy = sin(x) is a quasilinear PDE.
    Solution: (A) false
    (b) True
    (c) False
    (d) true.

    Problem 5: Find a solution of the problem:

    ux + uuy = u4

    u(0, y) = 1.
    Solution: Any arbitrary point on the initial curve is give by (0, s). The char-
    acteristics equations are given by:

    x′ (t) = 1, x(0) = 0,
    y ′ (t) = z(t), y(0) = s,
    z ′ (t) = z 4 (t), z(0) = 1.
    Solving the above equation we have
      13
    1
    z(t) = .
    1 − 3t
    and x(t) = t. Using this we get
      13
    1
    u(x, y) = .
    1 − 3x
    The region where this solution is valid is given by {x | x < 1/3}.

    Problem 6: Classify the following PDE and also determine their order.

    a) △u = sin2 (x) (Poisson Equation)


    b) utt − u2xx = 0
    c) ut = △u (Heat Equation)
    
    d) div |∇u|p−2 ∇u = 0 (p-Laplace equation) for p > 1.
    e) det(D2 u) = 1 (Monge Ampere equation)
    f) ut + uux = 0 (Burgers Equation)

    3
    Solution: (a) Second Order-Linear
    (b) Second order - fully nonlinear.
    (c) second order-linear.
    (d) second order linear for p = 2, and second order -fully non linear.
    (e) Second order- fully non linear
    (f) first order- quasilinear.

    Problem 7: Does the equations in Problem 1 and 3, satisfies the non charac-
    teristics condition.
    Solution:

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