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Class Note: Newton's Laws of Motion
1. Newton’s First Law (Law of Inertia)
- Statement: An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. - Key Concept: Inertia is the property of matter that resists changes in its state of motion. - Example: A book on a table remains stationary unless pushed.
2. Newton’s Second Law (Law of Acceleration)
- Statement: The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. - Formula: F = ma - F: Force (in newtons, N) - m: Mass (in kilograms, kg) - a: Acceleration (in meters per second squared, m/s^2) - Key Concept: Heavier objects require more force to accelerate. - Example: A car accelerates faster when you apply more force to the gas pedal.
3. Newton’s Third Law (Action and Reaction)
- Statement: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. - Key Concept: Forces always come in pairs acting on different objects. - Example: When you push against a wall, the wall pushes back with an equal force.
Applications in Daily Life:
- Driving a car: Braking (First Law), accelerating (Second Law). - Jumping: Pushing the ground down (Third Law). - Sports: Throwing or hitting a ball involves all three laws.
Important Terms: - Force: A push or pull acting on an object. - Mass: The amount of matter in an object. - Acceleration: The rate at which an object’s velocity changes.