QUESTION PAPER

FOKUS MENUJU GEMILNG

CHAPTER 2

STRUCTURE

OF

ATOM

JKD KIMIA KLUANG, JOHOR DARUL TA’ZIM

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TE 2010 Perlis P2A1
1. Diagram 1 shows the symbols which represent of four elements W, Q, R and S.

Diagram 1

(a) ( i ) What is the nucleon number for W?

W

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Write
rite the electron arrangement of atom W?

…...………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(iii) State the position of element R in periodic table of Elements. Explain

Exp your
answer.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
(b) (i) State the atoms that are isotopes?

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(ii) State the reason for your answer in (b) (i).

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(c) Which elements in Diagram 1 is a monoatomic gas?

Explain your answer.

……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

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TE 2010 Terengganu P2A1
2. Table 1 shows the proton number, number of electron and number of neutron of particles of
elements X, Y and Z.
X, Y and Z do not represent the actual symbol of the elements.
Jadual 1 rnenunjukkan nornbor proton, bilangan elektron dan bilangan neutron bagi zarah
unsur X, Y dan Z.
X, Y dan Z bukanlah mewakili simbol unsur sebenar.
Particle Proton number Number of electron Number of neutron
Zarah Nombor proton Bilangan elektron Bilangan neutron
X 6 6 8
Y 7 7 7

Z 11 10 12

Table 1 /Jadual 1

(a) What is meant by proton number?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor proton?

.............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) State which subatomic particle that is the lightest.
Nyatakan zarah subatom yang paling ringan.

.............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) W is an isotope of X.
W ialah isotop bagi X.

(i) State the number of proton of W.

Nyatakan bilangan proton bagi W.

....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Does W have the same chemical properties with X? Give a reason.
Adakah W mempunyai sifat kimia yang sama dengan X? Beri satu sebab.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(d) (i) What is the nucleon number of Y?
Apakah nombor nukleon bagi Y?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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 (ii) Draw the atomic structure of Y.
Lukiskan struktur atom bagi Y.

(e) (i) Write the electron arrangement of particle Z.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi zarah Z.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(ii) State the charge of particle Z.
Nyatakan cas bagi zarah Z.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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TE 2010 Pahang P2A1
3. Diagram 1.1 shows the atomic model proposed by Neils Bohr.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan model atom yang dicadangkan oleh Neils Bohr

(a) (i) Name X and Y.

Namakan X dan Y.

X : ……………………..………. Y : ……………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Which subatomic particles are involved in a chemical reaction?

Zarah-zarah sub-atom yang manakah terlibat dalam tindak balas kimia?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) Table 1.1 shows the proton number and nucleon number for atom P, Q and R.
Jadual 1.1 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi atom P, Q dan R.

Atom Proton number Nucleon number

P 16 32
Q 17 35
R 17 37

Table 1.1/ Jadual 1.1

(i) What is meant by proton number?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor proton?

....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the number of neutrons in atom Q?
Berapakah bilangan neutron dalam atom Q?

....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Write the electron arrangement for atom R.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom R.

....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

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 (iv) Draw the electron arrangement of atom R.
Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom R.

(v) State the number of valence electrons for atom R.

Nyatakan bilangan elektron valens bagi atom R.

....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

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TE 2010 SBP P2A1
4. Table 1 shows the melting point and boiling point of substance X, Y and Z.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih bagi bahan X, Y dan Z.

Substance Melting point / OC Boiling point / OC

Bahan Takat lebur / OC Takat didih / OC
X - 110 5
Y - 18 66
Z 98 413
Table 1/ Jadual 1

(a) (i) What is the state of matter of substance X at room temperature?

Apakah keadaan jirim bagi bahan X pada suhu bilik?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(ii) Give reason to your answer in (a)(i).
Beri sebab kepada jawapan anda di (a)(i).

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(b) (i) Substance Y is heated from room temperature to 100 OC. Sketch a graph of
temperature against time for the heating of substance Y.
Bahan Y dipanaskan daripada suhu bilik ke 100 OC. Lakar graf suhu melawan
masa bagi pemanasan bahan Y.

[2 marks]

(ii) What is the state of matter of substance Y at 66 OC?

Apakah keadaan jirim bagi bahan Y pada 66 OC?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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 (c) Explain why the melting point of substance Z is higher than substance Y.
Terangkan mengapa takat lebur bahan Z lebih tinggi daripada bahan Y.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(d) What is meant by melting point?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan takat lebur?

..…………………………………………………………………………………………

..…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(d) Draw the particle arrangement of substance Z at room condition.

Lukiskan susunan zarah bagi bahan Z pada keadaan bilik.

[1 mark]

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TE 2010 Johor P2A2
5. Graph 2 shows the temperature against time when solid P is heated.
Graf 2 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi pemanasan pepejal P.

Temperature / oC
Suhu / oC

200

136

83

28
Time / s
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 Masa /s

Graph 2/ Graf 2

(a) Based on Graph 2 , answer the following questions:

Berdasarkan Graf 2, jawab soalan-soalan berikut :

(i) What is meant by melting point ?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan takat lebur ?

............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) State the melting point of substance P .
Nyatakan takat lebur bahan P.

................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) State the physical state of P from time t1 to t2.

Nyatakan keadaan fizik P dari masa t1 hingga t2.

...........................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(iv) Explain why the temperature remains constant from time t1 to t2.
Terangkan kenapa suhu tidak berubah dari masa t1 hingga t2.

.............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

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 (b) When solid iodine is heated, it changes to purple fume.
Apabila pepejal iodin dipanaskan , ia bertukar ke wasap ungu.

Name one isotope of iodine and state its use.

Namakan satu isotop untuk iodin dan nyatakan kegunaannya.

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

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TE 2010 Melaka P2A1
6. Diagram 1.1 shows the graph temperature against time when liquid naphthalene is cooled.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa apabila cecair naftalena disejukkan.

Temperature / 0C
Suhu /oC

B C
T1

D
T0

Time/s
Masa/s

Diagram 1.1/ Rajah 1.1

(a) State the freezing point of naphthalene.

Nyatakan takat beku bagi naftalena

………………………………………………………………………………..................................
[1mark]
(b) What is the physical state of naphthalene at:
Apakah keadaan fizik bagi naftalena pada

(i) AB :…………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) CD :…………………………………………………………………………
[2marks]

(c) Explain why there is no change in temperature from B to C.

Terangkan mengapa tiada perubahan suhu dari B ke C

.........................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2marks]

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 (d) Draw the arrangement of naphthalene particles at CD.
Lukiskan susunan zarah naftalena pada CD.

[1mark]

(e) Table 1.2 shows four substances and their respective formulae.
Jadual 1.2 menunjukkan empat bahan dan formula kimianya.

Substances Chemical formula

Bahan Formula kimia
Bromine
Br2
Bromine

Iron
Fe
Besi

Naphthalene
C10H8
Naftalena

Copper(II) sulphate
CuSO4
Kuprum(II) sulfat

Table 1.1/ Jadual 1.1

Use information from Table 1.1 to answer the following questions.

Gunakan maklumat daripada Jadual 1.1 untuk menjawab soalan berikut.

(i) State one compound which exist as a molecule.

Nyatakan satu sebatian yang wujud dalam bentuk molekul.

.......................................................................................................................................
[1mark]

(ii) Which substance can conduct electricity in the solid state?

Bahan yang manakah dapat mengalirkan arus elektrik dalam keadaan pepejal ?

...........................................................................................................................................
[1mark]

(iii) What type of particles are present in copper(II) sulphate?

Apakah jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam kuprum(II) sulfat ?

.................................................................................................................................
[1mark]

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 (f) A few drops of liquid bromine are dropped into a gas jar. The brown bromine vapour spreads to
the upper part of the gas jar.
Beberapa titik cecair bromin dimasukkan ke dalam balang gas. Warna perang gas bromin
memenuhi bahagian atas balang gas tersebut.
Name the process that occurs.
Namakan proses yang berlaku.

……………………………………………………………………………….....…………….……
[1mark]

TE 2010 Negeri Sembilan P2A1

7. (a) Diagram 1.1 shows a process occurs on iodine in a gas jar.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan satu proses berlaku pada iodin di dalam balang gas.

After a few hours

Selepas beberapa jam Iodine gas
Gas iodin

Iodine Iodine solid

Pepejal iodin

Diagram 1.1/ Rajah 1.1

(i) Name the process.

Namakan proses itu.

...........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) State the type of particle in iodine.

Nyatakan jenis zarah dalam iodin.

........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) Write the chemical formula for iodine.

Tulis formula kimia bagi iodin.

……………...………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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 (iv) Draw the arrangement of iodine particles in solid state and gaseous state.
Lukis susunan zarah-zarah iodin dalam keadaan pepejal dan keadaan gas.

Solid Gas
Pepejal Gas
[2 marks]

(b) (i) The gas jar contains iodine solid is immersed in hot water.
State the rate of physical change of iodine.
Balang gas mengandungi pepejal iodin direndamkan dalam air panas.
Nyatakan kadar perubahan fizikal bagi iodin.

…………………………..…………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]

(ii) Explain your answer in b(i) by using kinetic theory of matter.

Terangkan jawapan anda di b(i) dengan menggunakan teori kinetik jirim.

…………………………………..………………………………………...………………

……………………………………..…………………………………...…………………
[2 marks]

(c) Diagram 1.2 shows diffusion occurs when the cover is removed.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan resapan berlaku bila penutup dialihkan.

Gas P Mixture of gas P

and Q
Campuran gas P dan
Cover gas Q
Penutup
Gas Q

Diagram 1.2/ Rajah 1.2

(i) State the meaning of diffusion.

Nyatakan maksud resapan.

………….……………………………………………………………..…………………
…………………………………………………………………………………… ….. …
[1 mark]

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 (ii) The colour of gas Q is brown while gas P is colourless.
Mixture of gas P and Q is produced when the cover is removed.
State the colour of the mixture.
Warna gas Q ialah perang manakala gas P tak berwarna.
Campuran gas P dan Q dihasilkan apabila penutup dialihkan.
Nyatakan warna bagi campuran itu.

………………………………………………………………………………………….......
[1 mark]

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TE 2009 Pahang P2A1
8. Table 1 shows the atomic structure of six elements. A,B,C,D,E and F are not the actual
symbols of the elements.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan struktur atom bagi enam unsur. A,B,C,D,E dan F bukan merupakan
simbol sebenar bagi unsur tersebut.

Element Proton Neutron Electrons

Unsur Proton Neutron Elektron
A 6 6 6
B 6 8 6
C 8 10 8
D 11 12 11
E 18 22 18
F 20 20 18

Table 1/Jadual 1

Use information from Table 1 to answer the following questions.

Guna maklumat daripada Jadual 1 bagi menjawab soalan-soalan berikut.

(i) State one element that exists as a positive ion?

Nyatakan satu unsur yang wujud sebagai ion positif?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…
[ 1 mark]

(ii) State the electron arrangement of the element mentioned in (i).

Nyatakan susunan elektron bagi unsur yang dinyatakan di (i)

…………………………………………………………………………………..………....
[ 1 mark]

(iii) State the element that exist as a noble gas?

Nyatakan unsur yang wujud sebagai gas nadir?

………………………………………………..…………………………………………...
[ 1 mark]

(iv) Explain why element in (iii) does not react with other elements.
Jelaskan mengapa unsur di (iii) tidak bertindakbalas dengan unsur lain.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(v) Which elements exists as diatomic molecule?
Unsur yang manakah wujud sebagai molekul dwiatom?

……………………………………………………………………………………….……
[ 1 mark]

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 (vi) Draw the arrangement of particles in the substance in 1(v) that exists at room
temperature and pressure.
Lukis susunan zarah bagi bahan di (v) yang wujud pada tekanan dan suhu bilik.

[ 1 mark]

(vii) Write the chemical equation of the reaction for the compound formed between element
C and D.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas untuk pembentukkan sebatian daripada unsur
C dan D.

………………………………………………………………………………………….…
[ 2 mark]

(viii) What is meant by isotope?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop?

…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(ix) Which of the elements in the table above are isotopes?

Yang manakah unsur dalam jadual di atas merupakan isotop?

………………………………………………………………………………………….....
[1 mark]

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TE 2009 Kedah P2A1
9. Table 1 shows the proton number and nucleon number for atoms P, Q and R.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom P, Q dan R.

Atom Proton number Nucleon number

P 16 32
Q 17 35
R 17 37
Table 1/ Jadual 1

(a) ( i ) What is meant by proton number?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor proton ?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) What is the number of neutrons in atom Q ?

Apakah bilangan neutron dalam atom Q?

…...………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(b) Which atoms are isotopes? Explain your answer.

Atom- atom yang manakah adalah isotop? Terangkan jawapan anda.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 mark]

(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement for atom R.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom R.

…...………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the electron arrangement of atom R.

Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom R.

[2 mark]

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TE 2009 Perlis P2A1
10. Diagram 1 shows the arrangement of particles of substance X at different temperatures.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan zarah bahan X pada suhu yang berbeza.

(a) What is the physical state of substance X at

Apakah keadaan fizikal bahan X pada

(i) 60oC : ………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) 90oC : ………………………………………………………………………….

[2 mark]

(b) State the movement of particles of substance X at 60 °C.

Nyatakan pergerakan zarah bahan X pada 60 °C.

…...………………………………………………….…………………………………….
[1 mark]

(c) Graph 1 shows the graph of temperature against time when substance X is heated
from 60 °C to 90 °C.
Graf 1 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bila bahan X dipanaskan dari 60°C
kepada 90°C.
Temperature/oC
Suhu/oC

Time/s
Graph 1/ Graf 1 Masa/s

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 (i) What is meant by melting point?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan takat lebur?

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(ii) Based on Graph 1, state the melting point of substance X.
Berdasarkan Graf 1, nyatakan takat lebur bahan X.

…...………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from t1 to t2.

Terangkan mengapa suhu tidak berubah dari tl hingga t2.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 mark]

(d) (i) Substance X cannot conduct electricity in any state. State the type of particles of
substance X.
Bahan X tidak mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam semua keadaan. Nyatakan jenis
zarah bagi bahan X.

…...………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
(ii) Table 1 shows two substance.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan dua bahan.

Magnesium dioxide
Carbon dioxide

Table 1/ Jadual 1

Which substance has the same type of particles as substance X?

Tick (√) the correct answer.
Bahan manakah mempunyai jenis zarah yang sama dengan bahan X?
Tanda (√) jawapan yang betul.
[1 mark]

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TE 2009 Terengganu P2A1
11. Table 1 shows the number of proton and the number of neutron in atom X, Y and Z.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan bilangan proton dan bilangan neutron dalam atom X, Y dan Z.

Atom Number of proton Number of neutron

Atom Bilangan proton Bilangan neutron
X 6 6

Y 6 8

Z 8 8
Table 1/ Jadual 1

(a) State three subatomic particles of an atom.

Nyatakan tiga zarah sub atom.

…………………………………………………..........................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) (i) What is meant by isotope?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(ii) Which atoms are isotopes?
Atom-atom yang manakah merupakan isotop?

…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(iii) State the radioisotope that is used to treat thyroid diseases.

Nyatakan radioisotop yang digunakan untuk merawat penyakit tiroid,

………………………………………………………………………...………………
[1 mark]
(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom X.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom X.

……………………………………………………….......................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) What is valence electron of atom X?

Apakah elektron valens bagi atom X?

……………………………………………...............................................................
[1 mark]

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 (d) Write the symbol for atom Y in the form of .

Tuliskan simbol bagi atom Y dalam bentuk .

………………………………………………….................................................................
[1 mark]
(e) (i) Draw the electron arrangement of atom Z.
Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom Z.

…………………………………………………........................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) State the position of element of atom Z in the Periodic Table of Element.
Nyatakan kedudukan unsur bagi atom Z dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.

………………………………………………………………………………….....
[1 mark]

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TE 2008 Perlis P2A2
12. Table 2 shows proton number and nucleon number for atoms P, Q and R.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nucleon bagi atom-atom P, Q dan R.

Atom Proton number Nucleon number

Atom Nombor Proton Nombor nukleon

P 11 23

Q 17 35

R 17 37

Table 2/ Jadual 2

(a) What is meant by the nucleon number of an atom?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor nucleon bagi atom?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………...............
[1 mark]

(b) (i) State the atoms that are isotopes.

Nyatakan atom-atom yang merupakan isotop.

.......………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(ii) State a reason for your answer in (b)(i).

Nyatakan sebab bagi jawapan anda di (b)(i).

......................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(c) Write the electron arrangement of atom P.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom P.

.........……………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………..………………
[1 mark]

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 (d) Draw the electron arrangement of ion Q.
Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi ion Q.

[2 marks]

(e) The information shows the composition of an organic compound S.

Maklumat menunjukkan komposisi suatu sebatian organik S.

• Carbon - 64.87%
Karbon

• Hydrogen - 13.51%
Hidrogen

• Oxygen - 21.62%
Oksigen

[Relative atomic mass : H=1, C=12, O=16]

Jisim atom relatif

Determine the empirical formula of compound S.

Tentukan formula empirik bagi sebatian S.

[3 marks]

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TE 2008 Johor P2A1
13. Diagram 1 shows the chemical symbols which represent four elements W, X, Y and Z.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan symbol yang mewakili empat unsur iaitu unsur W, X, Y dan Z

12 7 14 40
W X Y Z
6 3 6 18

Diagram 1/ Rajah 1

(a) State the number of electrons and neutrons in atomZ.

Nyatakan bilangan elektron dan neutron dalam atom Z.

Number of electrons: ............ …. Number of neutrons: …………..

Bilangan elektron: Bilangan neutron:
[2 marks]

(b) (i) Define nucleon number.

Takrifkan nombor nukleon.
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(ii) State the nucleon number of atom Z.

Nyatakan nombor nukleon bagi atom Z
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom X.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom X.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the electron arrangement of atom X to show the position of protons, neutrons
and electrons in the atom.
Lukis susunan elektron bagi atom X untuk menunjukkan kedudukan proton, neutron
dan elektron dalam atom.

[2 marks]

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 (d) (i) Which two elements are isotopes?
Dua unsur yang manakah merupakan isotop?
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties.
Terangkan mengapa isotop sesuatu unsur mempunyai sifat kimia yang sama.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(iii) Give one usage of the isotope mentioned in (d) (i).

Beri satu kegunaan isotop yang dinyatakan dalam jawapan (d) (i).
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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TE 2008 Sarawak P2A1
14. Table 1 show five atoms of elements labelled A, B, C, D and E.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan lima atom bagi unsur berlabel A, B, C, D dan E.

Atom Proton number Number of electrons Nucleon number

Atom Nombor poton Bilangan elektron Nombor nukleon
A 11 11 23
B 17 17 35
C 17 17 37
D 18 18 40
E 20 20 40

Table 1/Jadual 1

Answer the following questions based on the information given in Table 1 by using the
letters as symbols of the elements. These letters are not the actual symbols of the element.
Jawab soalan berikut berdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan dalam Jadual 1 menggunakan
huruf-huruf tersebut sebagai simbol bagi unsur. Huruf-huruf ini bukan simbol sebenar bagi
unsur.

(a) (i) Among the atoms A, B, C, D and E, which are isotopes?

Antara atom A, B, C, D dan E, manakah isotop?
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Give a reason for your answer given in (a) (i).

Berikan sebab bagi jawaban anda di (a) (i)
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(iii) Do the isotopes show the same chemical properties? Explain your answer.
Adakah isotop menunjukkan ciri kimia yang sama? Terangkan jawapan anda.
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(b) What is the number of valence electrons for element C?

Apakah bilangan elektron valen bagi unsur C?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

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 (c) Both elements A and B are in the same period in the Periodic Table.
Kedua-dua unsur A dan B adalah dalam kala yang sama dalam Jadual Berkala.

(i) Which period are they in?

Kala manakah ditempati unsur itu?
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Give your reason.

Berikan alasan anda.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(d) Explain why atom D is very unreactive towards any chemical.

Terangkan mengapa atom D sangat tidak reaktif terhadap sebarang bahan kimia?
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(e) Name the type of chemical bond for the compound formed between C and E.
Namakan jenis ikatan kimia bagi sebatian yang terbentuk antara C dan E.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

[email protected] 28
TE 2008 SBP P2A1
15. Table 1 shows the number of proton, electrons and neutrons for atom W, X, Y and Z.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan bilangan proton, elektron dan neutron bagi atom W, X, Y dan Z.

Number of protons Number of neutrons

Atom
Bilangan proton Bilangan neutron
W 8 9
X 8 10
Y 12 12
Z 11 12

(a) (i) What is meant by nucleon number?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor nukleon?

....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(ii) What is the nucleon number of atom W ?
Apakah Nombor Nukleon bagi atom W ?

……………………………………………………………………….....................
[ 1 mark]
A
(b) Write the symbol of atom Y in the form of Z Y .
A
Tuliskan simbol bagi atom Y dalam bentuk Z Y .

.............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom Z.
Tuliskan susunan electron bagi atom Z.

....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]

(ii) What is the number of valance electrons in atom Z.

Apakah bilangan electron valen bagi atom Z.

....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(d) Which atoms are isotopes? Explain why.
Atom-atom yang manakah adalah isotop? Jelaskan mengapa.

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks]

[email protected] 29
 (e) Solid Q is a compound of element W. Solid Q has melting point of 85 0C and boiling
point of 150 0C. A boiling tube containing solid Q is heated at room temperature
until 180 0C.
Pepejal Q ialah satu sebatian daripada unsur W. Pepejal Q mempunyai takat lebur
pada 85 0C dan takat didih pada 150 0C. Sebuah tabung didih yang mengandungi
pepejal Q telah dipanaskan daripada suhu bilik sehingga 180 0C.

(i) Sketch a graph of temperature against time during the heating.

Lakarkan satu graf suhu melawan masa bagi pemanasan tersebut.

[ 2 marks]
O
(ii) Draw the arrangement of particles of substance Q at 50 C.
Lukiskan susunan zarah-zarah bahan Q pada 50 oC.

[ 1 mark]

[email protected] 30
TE Perak 2008 P2
16. Diagram shows the heating curve of solid Y at room conditions.
Rajah menunjukkan lengkuk pemanasan pepejal Y pada keadaan bilik.

Temperature 0C
Suhu

90
S T
80
R

Time, s

(a) (i) What is the melting point of substance Y ?

Berapakah takat lebur bahan Y ?

................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
[1mark]
(ii) What is the physical states of substance Y from S to T ?
Apakah keadaan fizikal bahan Y dari S ke T ?

………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
(iii) Explain why there is no change in temperature from S to T ?
Terangkan mengapa tiada perubahan suhu dari S ke T ?

.................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................

..............................................
.................................................................................................
................................................
[2marks]
(iv) Draw the arrangement of particles in Y from T to U?
Lukiskan susunan zarah Y dari T ke U. U

[1mark]

[email protected] 31
 (b) Table shows the proton number and nucleon number of elements A, D, E and G
Jadual menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi unsur A, D, E dan G.

Element Proton number Nucleon number

Unsur Nombor proton Nombor nukleon
A 6 12
D 8 16
E 8 17
G 15 31

(i) What is the meaning of nucleon number?

Apakah maksud nombor nukleon?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
(ii) Which atoms are isotopes.
Atom-atom yang manakah isotop ?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
(iii) Explain your answer in (b) (ii)
Terangkan jawapan anda dalam (b) (ii).

....................................................................................................................................
[1mark]
(iv) Write the electron arrangement of atom A.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom A.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
(v) Draw the electron arrangement of atom G.
Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom G.

....................................................................................................................................
[1mark]

[email protected] 32
TE 2009 Perlis P2B7
17. Table 7.1 shows the electron arrangement of elements U, V and W.
Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi unsur U, V dan W.

Element Electron arrangement

Unsur Susunan elektron

U 2.6

V 2.1

W 2.8.1
Table 7.1/ Jadual 7.1

(a) Based on the Table 7.1,

Berdasarkan Jadual 7.1,

(i) Identify one metal and one non-metal element.

Kenal pasti satu unsur logam dan satu unsur bukan logam.
[2 marks]

(ii) State the group and period of element W in the Periodic Table of Elements.
Nyatakan kumpulan dan kala bagi unsur W dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
[2 marks]

(iii) The reaction between element U and W produces a compound.

Tindak balas antara unsur U dan W menghasilkan suatu sebatian.

o State one property for the compound formed.

Nyatakan satu sifat sebatian yang terbentuk.

o Draw the electron arrangement for the compound formed.

Lukis susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk.
[3 marks]

[email protected] 33
 (b) Table 7.2 shows the observations of element V and element W when react with water.
Jadual 7.2 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi unsur V dan unsur W apabila bertindak
balas dengan air

Element Observation
Unsur Pemerhatian

Element V, moves slowly at random on the water surface

with a little fizzing sound.
The solution formed turns red litmus paper to blue.
Unsur V, bergerak perlahan secara rawak di atas
permukaan air dengan menghasilkan desiran.
Larutan yang terhasil menukarkan kertas litmus merah
kepada biru.

Element W, moves rapidly at random on the surface of

the water with a 'hissing' sound.
The solution formed turns red litmus paper to blue.
Unsur W, bergerak pantas secara rawak di atas permukaan
air dengan menghasikan bunyi 'hiss'.
Larutan yang terhasil menukarkan kertas litmus merah
kepada biru.
Table 7.2/ Jadual 7.2

(i) Write the chemical equation when element V reacts with water.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas apabila unsur V bertindak balas
dengan air.
[3 marks]

(ii) Compare the reactivity of elements V and W when react with water.
Explain your answer.
Bandingkan kereaktifan unsur V dan W apabila bertindak balas dengan air.
Terangkan jawapan anda.
[4 marks]

[email protected] 34
 (c) Diagram 7 show the set up apparatus used to compare the electrical conductivity of
solutions P and Q.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk membandingkan
kekonduksian elektrik larutan P dan Q.

Diagram 7/Rajah 7

Based on the observations in Diagram 7,

Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Jadual 7,

(i) Identify the type of compound of solution P and solution Q.

Kenal pasti jenis sebatian bagi larutan P dan larutan Q.
[2 marks]

(ii) Explain why there is a difference in the observations.

Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan dalam pemerhatian itu.
[4 marks]

[email protected] 35
TE 2008 SBP P2B8
18. Table 8 shows the proton number of atoms of elements W, X, Y and Z.
Jadual 8 di bawah menunjukkan nombor proton bagi unsur-unsur W, X, Y dan Z.

Element/ Proton Number /

Unsur Nombor proton
W 1
X 3
Y 6
Z 8

Table 8/Jadual 8

(a) State the arrangement of elements X, Y and Z in the order of increasing atomic radius.
Explain your answer.
Nyatakan susunan bagi unsur-unsur X, Y dan Z mengikut jejari atom menaik
Terangkan jawapan anda.
[4 marks]

(b) The reaction between elements X and Y form a chemical compound.

Explain the formation of this compound.
Tindak balas antara unsur –unsur X dan Y membentuk suatu sebatian kimia.
Terangkan pembentukan sebatian ini.
[6 marks]

(c) The reaction between elements Y and W form another chemical compound.
Tindak balas antara unsur –unsur Y dan W membentuk sebatian kimia lain.

(i) Draw the electron arrangement of the compound formed.

Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk.
[2 marks]

(ii) Compare two physical properties below for the compounds formed in (b) and (c).
• Melting point
• Electric conductivity.
Explain the differences in each physical property.
Bandingkan sifat fizikal di bawah bagi sebatian-sebatian di (b) dan (c)
• Takat lebur
• Kekonduksian elektrik
Terang perbezaan dalam setiap sifat fizikal tersebut.
[8 marks]

[email protected] 36
TE 2010 Perlis P2B10
19. (a) Isotopes have important uses in our daily lives, for example in medicine, industry,
agriculture and archeology.
Choose two of the above examples.
State an isotope and its purposes in each example that you have choosen.

Isotop-isotop penting dalam kehidupan harian kita, contohnya dalam bidang perubatan,
industry, pertanian dan kajian purba.
Pilih dua contoh di atas. Nyatakan isotop dan kegunaannya bagi setiap contoh yang
dipilih.
[4 marks]

(b) Table 10.1 shows the electron arrangement diagram of compound X and Y.
Jadual 10.1 menunjukkan rajah susunan elektron bagi sebatian X dan Y.

Compound / Sebatian Electron arrangement diagram / Rajah susunan elektron

Table 10.1/ Jadual 10.1

(i) Based on Table 10.1, determine the types of compound X and Y.

Berdasarkan Jadual 10.1, tentukan jenis sebatian X dan Y.
[2 marks]

(ii) Compound X and compound Y have different physical properties.

Choose one of the physical properties that can be differentiate between compound
X and Y.
Sebatian X dan Y berbeza sifat-sfat fizikalnya.
Pilih satu daripada sifat fizikal yang boleh membezakan sebatian X dan Y.
[2 marks]

[email protected] 37
 (c) Table 10.2 shows the electron arrangement for atoms W, X, Y and Z. These letters are
not the actual symbols of the elements.
Jadual 10.2 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom-atom W, X, Y dan Z. Huruf-huruf
ini bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur-unsur tersebut.

Element /Unsur Electron arrangement / Susunan elektron

W 2.4
X 2.6
Y 2.8.1
Z 2.8.2
Table 10.2/ Jadual 10.2

Using the information in Table 10.2, choose any two elements and explain how ionic
compound and covalent compound are formed.
Dengan menggunakan maklumat Jadual 10.2, pilih mana-mana dua unsure dan
terangkan bagaimana sebatian ionik dan sebatian kovalen terbentuk.

[10 marks]

TE 2009 Kedah P2C9

20. Figure 9 shows the shows the symbols which represent three elements W, X and Y.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan simbol yang mewakili tiga unsur W, X dan Y.

12 7 35
W X Y
6 3 17

Figure 9/ Rajah 9

(a) Elements W and Y react to form a covalent compound, while elements X and Y react to
form an ionic compound.
Unsur W dan unsur Y bertindak balas untuk membentuk sebatian kovalen, manakala unsur
X dan unsur Y bertindak balas untuk membentuk sebatian ionik.
Describe the formation of the chemical compounds between
Huraikan pembentukan sebatian kimia antara

(i) Elements W and Y

Unsur W dan Y

(ii) Elements X and Y

Unsur X dan Y
[16 marks]

[email protected] 38
 (b) ‘Ionic compound has higher melting point than covalent compound'
‘Sebatian ion mempunyai takat lebur yang lebih tinggi daripada sebatian kovalen'

Explain the above statement.

Terangkan pernyataan di atas.
[4 marks]

TE 2009 Times P3ES

21. A student conducted two experiments and obtained the following results.
Seorang murid menjalankan eksperimen dan mendapat keputusan seperti berikut.

Time(min) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330

Experimen X
61 65 67 71 74 76 80 80 80 83 87 89
Temperature (oC)
Experiment Y
87 84 83 81 80 80 80 76 73 69 66 64
Temperature (oC)

In Experiment X, naphthalene powder is put in a boiling tube and placed in a water

bath. The water is heated until 60oC, then the temperature of naphthalene is recorded
at every 30 seconds interval until the temperature reaches about 90oC. The substance
is stirred gently with the thermometer throughout the heating process. In Experiment
Y, the hot boiling tube is cooled down.
Dalam Eksperimen X, serbuk naftalena dimasukkan ke dalam tabung didih dan diletakkan
dalam kukus air. Air dipanaskan sehingga ke suhu 60oC, kemudian suhu naftalena dicatat
setiap sela masa 30 saat sehingga suhu meningkat sehingga 90oC. Bahan tersebut dikacau
dengan thermometer sepanjang pemanasan dijalankan. Dalam Eksperimen Y, tabung didih
yang panas tadi disejukkan.

(a) Write the hypothesis of

Tuliskan hipotesis bagi
(i) Experiment X.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]

(ii) Experiment Y.

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]

[email protected] 39
 (b) During the cooling of naphthalene, explain why the naphthalene must be stirred
continuously?
Semasa penyejukan naftalena, terangkan mengapa naftalena mesti sentiasa dikacau.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]

(c) In the space given below, draw the apparatus showing the
Dalam ruangan yang disediakan dibawah, lukis gambarajah menunjukkan
(i) heating of naphthalene
Pemanasan naftalena

[3 marks]

(ii) cooling of naphthalene

Penyejukan naftalena

[3 marks]

(d) State two important steps involved in this experiment

Nyatakan dua langkah penting yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.

(i) ………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) ………………………………………………………………………………………
[6 marks]

[email protected] 40
 (e) State the three types of variables in Experiment X and Experiment Y.
Nyatakan tiga jenis pembolehubah dalam Eksperimen X dan Eksperimen Y.
(i) Manipulated variable / Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Responding variable / Pembolehubah bergerakbalas

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) Constant variable / Pembolehubah dimalarkan

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]

(f) Using scale of 1cm to represent 30s on the x-axis and 2cm to represent 10oC on the
y- axis, draw the temperature against time graphs for
Dengan menggunakan skala 1 cm mewakili 30 saat pada paksi-x dan 2 cm mewakili
10oC pada paksi-y, lukis graf suhu melawan masa bagi

(i) Experiment X [3 marks]

(ii) Experiment Y [3 marks]

(g) What conclusion can you draw regarding the melting and freezing points of naphthalene
from the graph?
Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat berdasarkan takat lebur dan takat beku
naftalena yang diperolehi dari graf?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]

[email protected] 41