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Seismic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank with Different Staging Configuration

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 Journal of Geotechnical Studies
Volume 3 Issue 1

Seismic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank with Different Staging

Configuration
Prashant A Bansode1
PG Student
Civil Engineering Department,
P.V.P.I.T. Budhgaon, Sangli – 416304
Maharashtra, India.
([email protected])

V. P. Datye2
Professor
Civil Engineering Department,
P.V.P.I.T. Budhgaon, Sangli – 416304
Maharashtra, India.
([email protected])

Abstract
Reinforced concrete elevated water tanks are very important structures. They are considered
as main lifeline elements during and after earthquakes. An elevated water tank behaves like
an inverted pendulum, which consist of huge water mass at the top of a slender staging. This
is most critical consideration for the failure of the tank during earthquakes. Basically,
supporting system, so called staging is formed by a group of columns and horizontal braces
provided at intermediate levels to reduce the effective length of the column. Staging is
responsible for lateral resistance of complete structure. The objective of this study is, to
understand the behavior of different staging system, under different tank conditions.
Response Spectrum Analysis is carried out on three different types of bracing systems of
elevated water tank in all zones by using STAAD Pro V8i 2007. Comparison of base shear
and nodal displacements of elevated water tank for empty and full condition is done. The
spring mass model as per IS 1893:2002 Part 2 has been used for the analysis.

Keywords: Response Spectrum Analysis, STADD Pro V8i, Base Shear, Nodal Displacement,
Impulsive Mass, Convective Mass.

INTRODUCTION Elevated water tanks are somewhat critical

Earthquakes are one of the major natural and strategic structures; damage happening
calamities which have a potential to of these structures during earthquakes,
paralyze human life by causing endangers drinking water supply, cause to
disturbance to infrastructure and lifeline fail in preventing large fires and may cause
facilities. Water tanks are considered to be substantial economic loss.
a part of crucial life services in most of the
cities. Their safety and behavior is critical Frame type staging system is most
during strong earthquakes as they commonly used in supporting system of
contribute for essential requirements viz. elevated water tank. Their main
drinking water, fire fighting’s in case of components are columns, horizontal and
fire accidents, etc. Hence, these structures inclined braces. In frame staging, columns
should not collapse even after an eventual are arranged on the outer boundary of
earthquake. container and connected internally by
bracing systems at various levels. The

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 Journal of Geotechnical Studies
Volume 3 Issue 1

staging system acts like a bridge between visualized tools, powerful analysis and
water reservoir and foundation for design facilities and seamless integration
transferring the loads acting on tank. to several other modeling and design
software products. For static as well as
SCOPE OF THE STUDY dynamic analysis of bridges, containment
In this study finite element modeling of structures, embedded structures (tunnels
water tank was carried out by using and culverts), pipe racks, steel, concrete,
software package STADD Pro V8i 2007. aluminum or timber buildings,
An attempt was made to study the effect of transmission towers, stadiums or any other
different staging systems in tanks. For this, simple or complex structure, STAAD.Prou
seismic analysis was done for full water has been the choice of design professionals
level and half water level conditions. The around the world for their specific analysis
analytical investigation of the seismic needs.
response of elevated water tank by
Response Spectrum method, considering RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
the convective mode for an earthquake In order to perform the seismic analysis
data isalso included in the present study. and design of a structure to be built at a
The peak displacements and base shear particular location, the actual time history
obtained from the analysis were also record is required. However, it is not
compared. possible to have such records at each and
every location. Further, the seismic
TYPES OF BRACING SYSTEMS analysis of structures cannot be carried out
USED simply based on the maximum values of
Different models are used for calculating the ground acceleration as the response of
base shear and nodal displacements for the structure depend upon the frequency
staging without diagonal bracing, staging content of ground motion and its own
with cross bracing , staging with chevron dynamic properties. To resolve these
bracing, staging with diagonal bracing , difficulties, earthquake response spectrum
staging with k-type bracing, staging with is the most popular tool in the seismic
v-type bracing. analysis of structures. There are many
advantages in using the response spectrum
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY method of seismic analysis for prediction
1. To determine the hydrodynamic effect of displacements and member forces in
on Elevated Intze type water tank with structural systems. The method of analysis
different staging system. involves, calculation of only the maximum
2. To determine Base Shear on water values of the displacements and member
tank. forces in each mode of vibration using
3. To determine Max. Nodal smooth design spectra that are the average
displacement at the top of water tank. of several earthquake motions. The
4. Comparison of Base Shear and response spectral values depends upon
Displacement of water tank for Energy release mechanism, Epicentral
different staging system with different distance, Focal depth, Soil condition,
tank conditions. Richter magnitude, Damping in the system
and Time period of the system.
STADD PRO V8I 2007 PROBLEM STATEMENT
STAAD.Pro.v8i is the most popular A RC circular water container of 900 m3
structural engineering software product for capacity has internal diameter of 16 m and
3D model generation, analysis and multi- height of 4.0 m (including freeboard of 0.3
material design. It is user-friendly GUI, m). It is supported on RC staging

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 Journal of Geotechnical Studies
Volume 3 Issue 1

consisting of 9 columns of 1.0 m X 0.5 m in seismic zone III. Grade of staging

size with horizontal bracings of 500 x 500 concrete and steel are M20 and Fe415,
mm at four levels. The lowest supply level respectively. Density of concrete is 25
is 20 m above ground level. Staging KN/m3.Analyze the tank for seismic loads.
conforms to ductile detailing as per IS Elevated water tank can be analyzed by
13920. Staging columns have isolated both the condition i.e. for tank full
rectangular footings at a depth of 2m from condition and tank partially filled
ground level. Tank is located on soft soil condition.

Table 1. Data Used For Analysis

Capacity of Tank 900 m3
Diameter of Tank 16 m
Number of Column 09
Height of Stagging 20 m
Zone 3
Soil Type Hard Murum
Depth of Foundation 2m
Importance Factor 1.5
Response Reduction Factor 5.0
Grade of Concrete M 30
Grade of Steel FE 500
Density of Concrete 25 KN/m3
Size of Top Conical Slab 200 mm
Size of Bottom Conical Slab 300 mm
Size of Tank Wall 200 mm
Size of Top Ring Beam 500 X 500
Size of Bottom Ring Beam 500 X 500
Size of Column 1000 X 500
Size of Bracing 500 X 500
Method of Design WSM

INTZE TANK MODELS

A. Model of Intz type water tank Without Bracing

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 Journal of Geotechnical Studies
Volume 3 Issue 1

B. Model of Intz type water tank With Cross Bracing

C. Model of Intz type water tank With Diagonal Bracing

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Intze Tank Without Bracing With Diagonal Bracing With X - Bracing
Base Shear (kN) 815.09 842.29 869.48
Base Moment (kN.m) 15232.58 16008.15 16231.63
Lateral (mm) Displacement 72.425 6.477 4.687
Time period of Vibration (s) 2.3798 0.7974 0.7395

From above results it is observed that, CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

1. Base shear increases by 3.33 % with the From the above analysis work, it has been
provision of diagonal bracing and it is concluded that,
further increased 6.67 % with the 1. Base shear increases as the level of
provision of X – bracing. bracing increases because, bracing
2. Similarly, base moment is found to be system put on additional mass to the
increased by 5.1 % and 6.56 % with the structure, which results into increase in
provision of diagonal bracing and X – base shear value.
bracing respectively. 2. Similarly base moment is found to be
3. Lateral displacement of container increased as the level of bracing
drastically reduces from 72.425 mm to increases.
6.477 mm when diagonal bracing is 3. Lateral displacement and time period
provided and it is further reduced to of vibration is reduced considerably
4.687 mm when X – bracing is because, bracing systems increases the
provided. stiffness of structure, which reduces
4. Significant results are obtained in case the lateral displacement and hence the
of time period of vibration. time period of vibration.

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 Journal of Geotechnical Studies
Volume 3 Issue 1

The present work is carried out to study Using Different Bracing in Staging”.
the behavior of intze type of elevated International Journal of Research in
water tank. It has also scope to study Advent Technology, Vol.2, No.2,
seismic behavior by changing shape of February 2014. E-ISSN: 2321-9637.
water tank i.e. Rectangular or Circular 5. Pavan .S. Ekbote, Dr. Jagadish .G.
water tank. And Model considered in this Kori “Seismic Behavior of RC
study is located on hard soil and in zone 3. Elevated Water Tankunder Different
It can also be studied behavior of water Types of Staging Pattern” Journal of
tank for other type of soil and different Engineering, Computers & Applied
seismic zones in India. Sciences ISSN No: 2319-5606 Volume
2, No.8, August 2013.
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