WEEK 13 – UNIT 5: GLOBAL WARMING

Part 1: Vocabulary

1. Read the news report below.

PTNK-TV Climate news at 8

Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome

to today’s climate update. Experts have warned
about the rising levels of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. These gases, primarily produced by
industrial activities, are speeding up global warming
at an alarming rate. The massive release of harmful
emissions from factories and vehicles contributes
significantly to this crisis.

Deforestation, another critical issue, worsens the problem by reducing the Earth’s ability to
absorb carbon dioxide, further increasing our carbon footprint. Scientists urge governments
and industries to adopt more sustainable practices to lessen these effects. One solution is
transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, which provide
clean alternatives.

Experts also highlight that the improper disposal of waste continues to contaminate water
and soil, threatening ecosystems and public health. Experts stress that individual actions,
like conserving energy and reducing waste, are essential to tackling climate change.

Find the words from the news report that match the following definitions:

1. _____________________ (adj): (to describe a source of energy) almost unlimited, not easily
depleted when used.
2. _____________________ (v): to give off gas into the environment.
3. _____________________ (n): the act of sending harmful gases or substances into the
atmosphere.
4. _____________________ (n): the total amount of greenhouse gases produced by human
activities.
5. _____________________ (adj): able to be maintained at a certain level without depleting
resources or harming the environment.
6. _____________________ (adj): related to large-scale business activities or production.
7. _____________________ (n): the act of cutting down or removing large areas of trees.
8. _____________________ (v): to use resources carelessly
9. _____________________ (n): a gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global
warming.
10. _____________________ (v): to pollute
 Extra vocabulary exercise
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
boldened word(s) in each sentence.

1. Gases released from vehicles and factories are harmful.

A. given off B. flow out C. run out D. let out
2. Governments need to limit the amount of greenhouse gases released into the air.
A. manage B. control C. cure D. expand
3. My friends are worried about the problem of traffic jams in the city.
A. unhappy B. surprised C. anxious D. embarrassed
4. In the past, they believed that non-renewable energy couldn’t be used up.
A. consumed the main parts B. consumed partially
C. consumed a little D. consumed all
5. Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes air pollution and climate change.
A. results from B. switches to C. cuts down D. leads to

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the

boldened word(s) in each of the following sentences.
6. The largest effect was on the poor population who were drinking polluted water.
A. fresh B. pure C. poisonous D. contaminated
7. It’s convenient if we use renewable energy because they can be found easily.
A. negative B. reliable C. unavailable D. positive
8. US consumers throw away around 100 billion of plastic bags annually.
A. pollute B. store C. disappear D. discharge
9. People should know about the consequences of deforestation which contributes to
global warming.
A. socialization B. afforestation C. industrialization D. modernization
10. All countries have to stop using coal and switch to clean sources of energy.
A. continue B. prevent C. start D. finish

Give the correct forms of words in brackets.

11. The conference will require reducing global CO2 ____________ (EMIT) by 50 percent by
2030.
12. ____________ (TRAP) too much of the sun's heat, and greenhouse gases stop it from
escaping back into space.
13. The ____________ (PRODUCE) and raising animals in the farms are bad for the environment
as well.
14. These heat-trapping ____________ (POLLUTE) are known as greenhouse gases and their
impact is called the greenhouse effect.
15. The ____________ (SCIENCE) community continues to study the long-term impacts of
climate change on weather patterns, ecosystems, and human societies.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
sentences.
16. They call a black rock that is found under the ground and is burnt to produce heat
________.
A. soil B. coal C. soot D. oil
17. ________ deforestation is an effective solution to climate change.
A. To stop B. Stopping C. Stopped D. Stop
18. Higher sea levels can ________ to floods.
A. create B. happen C. lead D. become
19. ________ is the increase in the earth's temperature because of certain gases in the
atmosphere.
A. Pollution B. Greenhouse effect C. Climate change D. Global warming
20. The conference requires achieving a ________ between the greenhouse gases released into
the atmosphere and those removed from it by 2050.
A. agreement B. disagreement C. balance D. imbalance
21. Methane comes from ________ activities and landfill waste or the use of coal, oil, and
natural gas.
A. cooking B. farming C. gardening D. warming
22. Burnt for energy, fossil ________ release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere.
A. wastes B. materials C. fuels D. trees
23. As temperatures rise, polar ice caps ________ faster, adding more water to oceans.
A. produce B. flow C. transport D. melt
24. Renewable energy can be replaced naturally without being ________.
A. cut down B. used up C. turned into D. thrown away
25. Carbon from fossil fuels ________ with oxygen in the air to form large amounts of CO2.
A. cooperate B. blend C. collaborate D. combine
26. There are some positive signs that farmers can meet the ________ challenges.
A. environmentalism B. environment
C. environmental D. environmentalist
27. The consequences of global warming become more serious, and its negative ________ on
the environment and people gets stronger.
A. result B. impact C. affect D. consequence
28. We should reduce the use of coal, which is the dirtiest fuel and biggest ________ of CO2
emissions.
A. resource B. source C. base D. origin
29. Forests ________ CO2 from the atmosphere and slow global warming.
A. escape B. prevent C. remove D. release
30. Flooded rice fields make it easier for soil bacteria ________ greenhouse gases.
A. production B. productive C. product D. to produce

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.

31. Global warming is also linked ________ rising sea levels.
32. Scientists, experts, leaders, and national representatives agree ________ how to make
progress on climate change.
33. He is suffering ________ a serious illness because he’s worked in bad working conditions
for many years.
34. Although the impact of farming ________ the global temperature has been reduced, there is
still much to do.
35. Worried ________ pollution in the area, young people call for a campaign of cleaning the
environment.
Part 2: Grammar

1. Present Participle Clause vs. Past Participle Clause

Aspect Present Participle Clause Past Participle Clause
Definition A clause where the participle (-ing A clause using the past participle (-
form) and the main verb share the ed form), often with a passive
same subject and show active meaning.
meaning.

Usage - Explains the reason for an action. - Gives the reason for an action.
- Describes two actions happening - Expresses a condition.
simultaneously.

Examples Trapping too much of the sun's Worried about climate change,
heat, greenhouse gases stop it many young people joined the
from escaping back into space. environmental protests.

Walking on the beach, they picked Burnt for energy, fossil fuels
up litter. release carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere.

2. Exercise: Fill in the Blanks

Complete the sentences by choosing the correct form of the verbs (present participle
or past participle).

1. (Be) __________ well-prepared for the exam, she felt confident and ready to tackle any
question.
2. (Surprise) __________ by the sudden rain, Emily hurried to find shelter under a nearby
tree.
3. (Impress) __________ by the breathtaking view, she decided to take a photo.
4. (Not keep) __________ cool in hot weather, farm animals can suffer from heat stress.
5. (Excite) __________ about the upcoming event, Sarah is organizing a fundraising
campaign to support the local orphanage.
6. (Dance) __________ gracefully, the ballerina is smiling at the audience.
7. The chef is cooking in the kitchen, (prepare) __________ a delicious meal for the guests.
8. (Encourage) __________ by her friends, Sarah took the stage to sing her favorite song.
9. (Inform) __________ about the change of the schedule, Mary wouldn't be late for the
meeting.
10. (See) __________ the dark clouds, Sarah is bringing an umbrella before going outside.

Rewrite these sentences using present or past participle clauses.

1. Sarah was concerned about her health, so she decided to visit the doctor.
→ ______________________________________________________________________.
2. If young people are not equipped with knowledge about gender, they will not know
how to engage in safe romantic relationships.
→ ______________________________________________________________________.
3. While Emily was writing a letter, she was listening to her favorite music.
→ ______________________________________________________________________.
4. When John heard the phone ringing, he rushed to answer the call.
→ ______________________________________________________________________.
5. He felt tired from the long journey, so he went to bed early.
→ ______________________________________________________________________.