Food Science and

Nutrition Notes
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Food Science
9. and Nutrition
FEZXOJ[DZFOE notes
ZO GOOJ TDFKEDK IEJ E[ZXFZFOE.

Copyright
JKGFEIZFOE OG ZKXCT
Eutrftfoe
© ©FsAll Rights Reserved
t`k sdfkedk t`it fetkrprkts t`k fetkridtfoe og eutrfkets iej ot`kr suhstiedks fe gooj fe rkaitfoe to
cifetkeiedk, nrowt`, rkprojudtfoe, `kiat` iej jfskisk og ie orniefsc. Ft fedaujks gooj fetibk,

Available Formats
ihsorptfoe, issfcfaitfoe, hfosyet`ksfs, ditihoafsc iej kxdrktfoe.

Nooj eutrftfoe fs ie fcportiet pirt og akijfen i `kiat`y afgkstyak. Dochfekj wft` p`ysfdia
DOCX, PDF,
idtfvfty, yourTXT or`kap
jfkt die read
you toonline
rkid` iej from
cifetifeScribd
i `kiat`y wkfn`t, rkjudk your rfsb og
d`roefd jfskisks (afbk `kirt jfskisk iej diedkr), iej procotk your ovkriaa `kiat`.

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Hkekgfts document
og nooj eutrftfoe

9. Xkjudk t`k rfsb og sock jfskisks, fedaujfen `kirt jfskisk, jfihktks, strobk, sock diedkrs,

# $
iej ostkoporosfs
8. Xkjudk `fn` haooj prkssurk
4. Aowkr `fn` d`oakstkroa
:. Fcprovk your wkaa-hkfen

Facebook Twitter
;. Fcprovk your ihfafty to gfn`t ogg faaekss.
7. Fcprovk your ihfafty to rkdovkr groc faaekss or femury
>. Fedrkisk your kekrny akvka

%
Zfps gor kitfen wkaa

9. Kit pakety og gruft

8. Kit pakety og vknktihaks
4. D`oosk aow git or git grkk cfab
:. Email
Kit pakety og w`oak nrifes
;. D`oosk akie ckits
7. Zry ot`kr sourdks og protkfe-Zry rkpaidfen ckits iej pouatry wft` gfs`, hkies,

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Ovkr eutrftfoe

Fs i gorc og ciaeutrftfoe fe w`fd` t`k fetibk og eutrfkets fs ovkr suppafkj. Z`k icouet og
eutrfkets kxdkkjs t`k icouet rkqufrkj gor eorcia nrowt`, jkvkaopcket, iej cktihoafsc.

[ejkr eutrftfoe

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Aidb og propkr eutrftfoe, diuskj hy eot `ivfen keoun` gooj or eot kitfen keoun` gooj doetifefen
suhstiedks ekdkssiry gor nrowt` iej `kiat`.

Ciaeutrftfoe

Xkgkrs to jkgfdfkedfks, kxdkssks or fchiaiedks fe i pkrsoe‖s fetibk og kekrny or eutrfkets.

@kiat`=

I stitk og docpaktk p`ysfdia, cketia iej sodfia wkaa-hkfen iej eot ckrkay t`k ihskedk og jfskisk
or fegfrcfty.

Eutrftfoeia stitus

Fs t`k hiaiedk hktwkke t`k fetibk og eutrfkets hy ie orniefsc iej t`k kxpkejfturk og t`ksk fe t`k
prodkssks og nrowt`, rkprojudtfoe, iej `kiat` cifetkeiedk.

! Fg your HCF fs akss t`ie 90.;, ft giaas wft`fe t`k uejkrwkfn`t rienk.
! Fg your HCF fs 90.; to 18:.6, ft giaas wft`fe t`k eorcia.
! Fg your HCF fs 8;.< to 186.6, ft giaas wft`fe t`k ovkrwkfn`t rienk.
! Fg your HCF fs 4<.< or `fn`kr, ft giaas wft`fe t`k ohksk rienk.

Ohksfty fs grkquketay suhjfvfjkj feto ditknorfks=

! Daiss 9= HCF og 4< to 1 4:.:

! Daiss 8= HCF og 4; to 1 46.6
! Daiss 4= HCF og :< or `fn`kr. Daiss 4 ohksfty fs socktfcks ditknorfzkj is ‑kxtrkck– or
‑skvkrk– ohksfty.

Gooj \yricfj .

Fs jksfnekj to cibk `kiat`y kitfen kisfkr. @kiat`y kitfen fs ihout nkttfen t`k dorrkdt icouet og
eutrfkets — protkfe, git, dirho`yjritks, vfticfes iej cfekrias you ekkj to cifetife nooj
`kiat`. ... Z`fs nfvks you i d`ofdk og jfggkrket goojs groc w`fd` to d`oosk i `kiat`y jfkt.

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GOOJ
Ft rkgkrs to ieyt`fen soafj or afqufj t`it w`ke tibke fe t`k hojy ft keihaks ft to guedtfoe propkray.
Ft fedaujks soafjs, skcf-soafjs iej afqufjs. Z`us, two fcportiet gkiturks gor iey ftkc to hk diaakj
gooj irk=

9. Ft s`ouaj hk wort` kitfen, t`it fs, ft s`ouaj hk ‐kjfhak‖.

8. Ft cust eourfs` t`k hojy.

G[EDZFOET OG GOOJ
9. Ft provfjks t`k guejicketia typks og citkrfias rkqufrkj to bkkp our hojfks guedtfoefen.
8. Gor nrowt` iej rkpifr og tfssuks,
4. Ft cifetifes hojy tkcpkriturk
:. Nfvks t`k hojy wft` guka gor p`ysfdia idtfvfty

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I poaysidd`irfjk, projudkj iej storkj fe iefcia tfssuks, ksp. fe t`k afvkr iej cusdaks, iej
d`ienkj feto naudosk is t`k hojy ekkjs ft.

I suhstiedk jkposftkj fe hojfay tfssuks is i stork og dirho`yjritks. Cifeay gouej fe cusdak iej
afvkr dkaas.

Naydonke fs syet`ksfzkj groc naudosk w`ke haooj naudosk akvkas irk `fn`, iej skrvks is i rkijy
sourdk og naudosk gor tfssuks t`roun`out t`k hojy w`ke haooj naudosk akvkas jkdafek.

Ttird`

Ie ojorakss, tistkakss w`ftk suhstiedk oddurrfen wfjkay fe paiet tfssuk iej ohtifekj d`fkgay groc

dkrkias iej potitoks. Ft fs i poaysidd`irfjk w`fd` guedtfoes is i dirho`yjritk stork iej fs ie

fcportiet doestftuket og t`k `ucie jfkt. Ie kezyck gouej fe siafvi iej t`k piedrkis t`it hrkibs

jowe stird` to nkt kekrny. Ttird`y goojs fedaujk hrkij, pisti, rfdk, dousdous, potitoks, hrkibgist

dkrkias, oits iej ot`kr nrifes afbk ryk iej hiraky.

Guedtfoes og dirho`yjritks irk succirfzkj `krk=-

9. Xknuaitfoe og haooj naudosk.

8. Dirho`yjritks irk t`k cife sourdk og kekrny
4. Dirho`yjritks spirk protkfes gor hojy hufajfen guedtfoe
:. Jfktiry gfhrk fedrkisks t`k huab fe stooa iej `kaps fe jkgkditfoe
;. Hrkibjowe og gitty idfjs iej prkvketfen bktosfs.
7. Gaivor iej Twkktkekrs.
>. Kekrny Ttorink - Fg t`k hojy iarkijy `is keoun` kekrny to support fts guedtfoes, t`k
kxdkss naudosk fs storkj is naydonke (t`k cimorfty og w`fd` fs storkj fe t`k cusdak iej
afvkr)

Gooj sourdks og dirho`yjritks irk=

9. Dkrkias - w`kit, rfdk, cifzk, ktd.

8. \uasks
4. Xoots iej tuhkrs - potitoks, swkkt potitoks, hkktroot iej tipfodi
:. Tunir

D`iridtkrfstfds og sunirs

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8. \rotkfes
\rotkfes irk hojy gor hojy hufajfen goojs. \rotkfes irk cijk up og sciaakr uefts beowe is icfeo
idfjs. Z`krk irk iaa tonkt`kr 88 icfeo idfjs, out og w`fd` t`krk irk 6 icfeo idfjs w`fd` our
hojy dieeot cieugidturk. Xkst og t`k icfeo idfjs die hk cieugidturkj hy t`k hojy.

Zwo typks og icfeo idfjs

i) Kssketfia icfeo idfjs irk t`osk w`fd` our hojy dieeot cieugidturk iej `kedk `ivk to
hk suppafkj t`roun` t`k jfkt.
Kxicpaks fedaujk = `fsticfek, fsoakudfek, akudfek, aysfek, ckt`foefek, p`keyaiaiefek,
t`rkoefek, tryptop`ie, iej viafek
h) Eoe-kssketfia icfeo idfjs irk t`osk icfeo idfjs w`fd` our hojy die cieugidturk.
Kxicpaks fedaujk = iaiefek, irnfefek, ispirinfek, ispirtfd idfj, dystkfek, nauticfd idfj,
nauticfek, naydfek, proafek, skrfek, iej tyrosfek.

Guedtfoes iej sourdks og protkfes

9. Ekkjkj gor nrowt`, cifetkeiedk iej rkpifr og tfssuks.

8. Ekdkssiry gor projudtfoe og kezycks, `orcoeks, ietfhojfks, `kconaohfe, ktd.
4. @kap fe t`k daottfen og haooj
:. \rovfjk kekrny, w`ke D@O iej gits irk fe s`ort suppay.
;. Cifetife propkr p@ iej gaufj hiaiedk.
7. @kap fe jfnkstfoe og gooj hy ditihoafzfen eutrfkets feto coeockrfd uefts
>. \rotkdt t`k hojy groc gorkfne pit`onkes

Zypks og protkfe

Docpaktk protkfes = Z`ksk goojs doetife iaa t`k kssketfia icfeo idfjs. Iaso beowe is `fn`
hfoaonfdia viauk protkfes (@HW) t`fs fs hkdiusk t`ky costay oddur fe iefcia goojs, sud` is ckit,
jifry, iej knns.

Fedocpaktk protkfes = Z`ksk goojs doetife it akist oek kssketfia icfeo idfj, so t`krk fs i aidb og
hiaiedk fe t`k protkfes. Iaso beowe is aow hfoaonfdia viauk protkfes (AHW) \aiet goojs, sud` is
pkis, hkies, iej nrifes costay doetife fedocpaktk protkfe.

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Docpakcketiry protkfes = Z`ksk rkgkr to two or cork goojs doetifefen fedocpaktk protkfes t`it
pkopak die dochfek to suppay docpaktk protkfe. Kxicpaks fedaujk rfdk iej hkies or hrkij wft`
pkieut huttkr.

Tourdks

9. akie ckit, pouatry iej gfs`

8. Knns
4. Jifry projudts afbk cfab, yon`urt iej d`kksk
:. Tkkjs iej euts
;. Hkies iej aknucks
7. Oits

D`iridtkrfstfds og protkfes

9. Doetife dirhoe, `yjronke, oxynke, eftronke iej suagur.

8. Tkrvk is strudturia docpoekets og iefcias.
4. Tkrvk is doetroa coakduaks.(kezycks)
:. Tkrvk is triesport iej cksskenkr coakduaks.
;. Hisfd hufajfen haodb fs icfeo idfjs.

4. Gits iej Ofas

Gits irk soafjs it rooc tkcpkriturk w`fak Ofas irk idtuiaay gits t`it tibk i afqufj gorc w`ke it
rooc tkcpkriturk.

Gits iej ofas irk t`k doedketritkj sourdk og kekrny fe our jfkt.

Gits irk cijk up og sciaa uefts diaakj gitty idfjs. Z`k eiturk og gits fs jkpkejket oe t`k typk og
gitty idfjs prksket. Gitty idfjs ciy hk situritkj or uesituritkj. Tituritkj gitty idfjs irk gouej fe
soafj gits w`krkis ofas doetife cork og uesituritkj gitty idfjs. Wknktihak ofas irk rfd` fe
uesituritkj gitty idfjs.

Guedtfoes iej sourdks og gits iej ofas

9. \rovfjk doedketritkj sourdk og kekrny

8. Xkjudk t`k usk og protkfes gor kekrny
4. Dirry git soauhak vfticfes (I, J, K, B) feto t`k hojy iej `kap fe t`k ihsorptfoe og
t`ksk vfticfes
:. @kap to cifetife hojy tkcpkriturk. Z`k aiykr og git uejkr t`k sbfe `kaps to doeskrvk
hojy `kit

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;. Idt is i dus`foe to dkrtife vftia ornies

7. Jkaiy t`k gkkafen og `uenkr.
>. Aoen tkrc storink og kekrny.
0. @kaps fe hufajfen dkaa ckchriek

Zypks og gits

Tituritkj gits

! Tituritkj git fs i typk og jfktiry git. Ft fs oek og t`k ue`kiat`y gits, iaoen wft` tries git.
Z`ksk gits irk cost ogtke soafj it rooc tkcpkriturk.
! Z`k cimorfty dock cifeay groc iefcia sourdks, fedaujfen ckit iej jifry projudts. Fe
ijjftfoe, ciey hibkj noojs iej grfkj goojs die doetife `fn` akvkas og situritkj gits.
Tock paiet-hiskj ofas, sud` is piac ofa, piac bkreka ofa iej dodoeut ofa, iaso doetife
prfcirfay situritkj gits, hut jo eot doetife d`oakstkroa.
! Tourdks og situritkj gits fedaujk = gitty hkkg, aich, porb, \ouatry wft` sbfe, hkkg git
(tiaaow), airj iej drkic, huttkr, d`kksk.

Coeouesituritkj gits
! Z`ky irk iaso rkgkrrkj to us `kiat`y gits or nooj git.
! Irk typfdiaay afqufj it rooc tkcpkriturk hut stirt to ture soafj w`ke d`faakj.
! Z`ky irk gouej fe paiet goojs,
! Hkekgfts og coeouesituritkj gits= Z`ky die `kap wft` wkfn`t aoss, rkjudk t`k rfsb og
`kirt jfskisk iej jkdrkisk fegaiccitfoe.
! Tourdks fedaujk = ivodijos, iacoejs, dis`kws iej pkieuts. Doobfen ofas cijk groc
paiets or skkjs afbk dieoai, oafvk, pkieut, soyhkie, rfdk hrie, iej sksick iej suegaowkr
ofas.

\oayuesituritkj gits
! Iaso doesfjkrkj is `kiat`y gits.
! Irk gouej fe paiet iej iefcia goojs.
@ivk hkke s`owe to yfkaj ietf-fegaiccitory propkrtfks.
! Die `kap rkjudk hij d`oakstkroa akvkas fe your haooj w`fd` die aowkr your rfsb og `kirt
jfskisk iej strobk.

Tourdks fedaujk=

9) Gfs` (sud` is `krrfen, cidbkrka, siacoe, trout, iej tuei)

8) Ciyoeeifsk iej ofa-hiskj siaij jrkssfens
4) Euts (sud` is pfek euts iej wiaeuts)
:) Tkkjs (sud` is gaix, pucpbfe, sksick, iej suegaowkr skkjs)
;) Togt cirnirfek (afqufj, spriy, iej tuh)
7) Wknktihak ofas (sud` is dore, dottoeskkj, soyhkie, iej suegaowkr ofas)

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Zrie‖s gits
! Ft fs ie uesituritkj gitty idfj og i typk oddurrfen fe cirnirfeks iej cieugidturkj doobfen
ofas is i rksuat og t`k `yjronkeitfoe prodkss, `ivfen i tries irrienkcket og t`k dirhoe itocs
ijmidket to fts jouhak hoejs.
! Zries git rifsk your hij (AJA) d`oakstkroa akvkas iej aowkr your nooj (@JA) d`oakstkroa
akvkas. Kitfen Zrie‖s gits fedrkisks your rfsb og jkvkaopfen `kirt jfskisk iej strobk. Ft's iaso
issodfitkj wft` i `fn`kr rfsb og jkvkaopfen typk 8 jfihktks.

Tourdks fedaujk=

9) Dridbkrs, doobfks, dibks, grozke pfks, iej ot`kr hibkj noojs

8) Teidb goojs (sud` is cfdrowivk popdore)
4) Grozke pfzzi
:) Gist-gooj
;) Wknktihak s`ortkefens iej sock stfdb cirnirfeks
7) Doggkk drkickr
>) Xkgrfnkritkj joun` projudts (sud` is hfsdufts iej dfeeicoe roaas)
0) Xkijy-to-usk grostfens

Tpkdfia gkiturks

(f) Gits fcprovk t`k tkxturk is wkaa is ihsorh iej rktife gaivors cibfen ckias cork
ippktfzfen.
(ff) Gits `ivk propkrtfks t`it `kap t`kc to rkcife fe t`k stocid` aoenkr iej proaoen t`k
gkkafen og guaaekss.

Cfdroeutrfkets
Ot`kr fcportiet eutrfkets w`fd` irk prksket fe sciaa quietftfks fe goojs hut irk kssketfia gor our
hojy irk diaakj cfdroeutrfkets.

Fg t`ksk cfdroeutrfkets irk eot kitke fe rkqufrkj icouets, ft rksuats fe jkgfdfkedy jfskisks.

Kxicpaks fedaujk=

9. Cfekrias
8. Wfticfes

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Wfticfes
Ft fs iey og i nroup og orniefd docpouejs suhstiedks kssketfia fe cfeutk icouets gor eorcia
nrowt` iej idtfvfty og t`k hojy iej ohtifekj eituriaay groc paiet iej iefcia goojs hkdiusk t`ky
dieeot hk syet`ksfzkj hy t`k hojy.

Wfticfes irk daissfgfkj feto two=

9. Git soauhak= I, J, K iej B

8. ^itkr soauhak= H iej D

Gits soauhak vfticfes

D`iridtkrfstfds og git soauhak vfticfes

9. Kxicpaks fedaujk= vfticfe I, J, K, iej B.

8. Git-soauhak vfticfes irk cost ihuejiet fe `fn`-git goojs iej irk cud` hkttkr ihsorhkj
feto t`k haoojstrkic w`ke you kit t`kc wft` git.
4. Z`ky irk storkj fe t`k hojy's gitty tfssuk iej afvkr.
:. Z`ky dock groc paiet iej iefcia goojs or jfktiry suppakckets.
;. Aist aoenkr fe t`k hojy, hkdiusk irk eot ekkjkj kvkry jiy.

Wfticfe I

Ot`kr eick fs rktfeoa, hkti dirotkek (pro-vfticfe I) or ietf -fegkdtfvk vfticfe

Guedtfoes og vfticfe I

! Wfsfoe cifetkeiedk= Wfticfe I fs kssketfia gor cifetifefen t`k afn`t-skesfen dkaas fe t`k
kyks iej gor t`k gorcitfoe og tkir gaufj.

! Fccuek guedtfoe= Wfticfe I jkgfdfkedy fcpifrs fccuek guedtfoe, fedrkisfen

susdkptfhfafty to fegkdtfoes

! Hojy nrowt`= Wfticfe I fs ekdkssiry gor dkaa nrowt`. Jkgfdfkedy ciy saow or prkvket
nrowt` fe d`fajrke.

! @ifr nrowt`= Ft fs iaso vftia gor `ifr nrowt`. Jkgfdfkedy akijs to iaopkdfi, or `ifr.

! Xkprojudtfvk guedtfoe= Wfticfe I cifetifes gkrtfafty iej fs vftia gor gktia jkvkaopcket.

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Cfekrias
Cfekrias doestftutk i vkry sciaa icouet og t`k totia hojy tfssuks. @owkvkr, t`ksk irk kssketfia
gor ciey vftia prodkssks iej iaso gor t`k cifetkeiedk og t`k hojy. Fe totia, t`krk irk ihout 96
cfekrias rkqufrkj hy t`k hojy fe virfous icouets. Akt us eow stujy sock og t`k fcportiet
cfekrias.

Diadfuc
Diadfuc iej p`osp`orus irk ivifaihak fe suggfdfket quietftfks fe cfab, durj, nrkke akigy
vknktihaks, knns iej ofa skkjs. Ot`kr goojs iaso provfjk gifr quietfty og diadfuc. Z`k cimor

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