Microorganisms - Friend and Foe

VIII Science
PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, OSMANABAD

Std.: VIII Subject: Science Topic: Microorganisms- Friend and Foe
Value of the Chapter: Microorganisms will give you anything you want if you know how to
ask them.
1. Tick the correct option.
a. Which of the following is a bacterial disease?
i. AIDS ii. Ringworm
iii. Typhoid iv. Athlete’s foot
Answer: Typhoid
b. _____________ is a harmful bacterium.
i. Vibrio cholera ii. Euglena
iii. Rhizobium iv. Lactobacillus
Answer: Vibrio cholerae
c. _____________ gas is released during the process of

fermentation.
i. Oxygen ii. Nitrogen
iii. Hydrogen iv. Carbon dioxide
Answer: Carbon dioxide
d. The carrier of the dengue virus is the ___________.
i. female anopheles mosquito ii. female aedes mosquito
iii. housefly iv. cockroach
Answer: Female Aedes mosquito
e. Which of the following is not present in viruses?
i. Capsid ii. Envelope
iii. Capsule iv. Cell wall
Answer: Cell wall
Science 20-21 Page 1

VIII Science
2. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.
a. Amoebic dysentery is caused by a protozoan known as Entamoeba

histolytica . (Entamoeba histolytica/Trypanosoma)
b. Chlamydomonas is a unicellular alga whereas volvox is colonial.

(spirogyra/ volvox)
c. Virus lack a typical structure and do not show presence of cell wall,
cell membrane, nucleus and other cell organelles. (Algae/Viruses)
d. Paramoecium shows the presence cilia of for locomotion.

(cilia/flagella)
e. Excessive growth of algae in a water body leads to eutrophication.

(eutrophication/ putrefaction)
3. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).
a. Most bacteria reproduce by binary fission. (True)
b. Curd contains millions of bacteria called azetobacter. (False)
c. Algae show the presence of a membrane of lipid, referred to as an

envelope. (False)
d. Sun dried vegetables and fruits need to be consumed soon as they

cannot last long. (False)
e. Seaweed are good manure as they are rich in nitrogen and

potassium. (True)

VIII Science
4. Match the following.
Column A Column B
a. Bacteria (Salmonella) i. Mushroom
b. Viruses (Bacteriophage) ii. Spirogyra
c. Fungi (Mushroom) iii. Euglena
d. Algae (Spirogyra) iv. Salmonella
e. Protozoa (Euglena) v. Bacteriophage
5. Answer the following questions in one word or a sentence.
a. Which organism moves with the help of pseudopodia?
Answer: Amoeba
b. Which type of bacteria synthesise their own food with the help of
inorganic compounds such as sulphur?
Answer: Chemoautotroph
c. Which microorganisms are obligate parasites that are considered

as neither living nor dead?
Answer: Viruses
d. Name the causative agent of malaria.
Answer: Plasmodium
e. Which algae are used as a source of food?
Answer: Spirulina/ seaweed
6. Answer the following questions in short.
a. List four diseases caused by viruses in humans.
Answer: Measles, chickenpox, jaundice and AIDS

VIII Science
b. What are bacteria? Enlist the different types of bacteria based

on their shape.
Answer: Bacteria (singular bacterium) are unicellular, prokaryotic

organisms which are the oldest, the simplest, and the most abundant
forms of life on the Earth. Bacteria are classified into cocci, bacilli,
spirillum and vibrio based on their shape.
c. Enlist different methods of food preservation.
Answer: Chemical preservation, addition of salt and sugar, drying,

canning and packaging, radiation, heat and cold treatments, deep
freezing.
d. Write any two uses of microbes in keeping the environment

clean.
Answer: - Microorganisms are used in wastewater treatment to digest

the organic matter present in it.
- Some bacteria eat up toxic chemicals, plastics, waste metals and help
us in cleaning the environment.
7. Give reasons.
a. Viruses are obligate parasites.
Answer: Viruses are obligate parasites as they can only grow inside a
host body and do not show any signs of life outside a living cell.
b. Incidences of food poisoning increase manifolds in the rainy

season.
Answer: There is a high probability of water contamination during the

rains. A moist environment is ideal for the growth of micro-organisms.
Monsoon is also a breeding season for carriers such as flies and
mosquitoes.

VIII Science
8. Answer the following questions in detail.
a. What are chemical preservatives? Explain with the help of

example.
Answer: Chemicals that help in controlling microbial growth are called

chemical preservatives. Sodium benzoate and potassium
metabisulphite are common preservatives that are used in squashes,
sherbets and ketchups.
b. Explain the structure of a fungus.
Answer: The main body of most fungi is made up of fine, branching, and
usually colourless threads called hyphae. These thread like structures
are collectively called mycelium. Sporangia are present at the top of
each hypha. Sporangia produce spores for reproduction. Most fungi
have root like structures called rhizoids.
c. What are the uses of algae?
Answer: Algae are rich in proteins and vitamins. They are used as a
human food supplements. Brown algae are a rich source of iodine and
potassium. Red algae give us agar-agar which is used in making ice
creams, puddings, gelatine and jellies. Some algae grow as sea weeds
and are used as cattle feed. Spirulina and sea weed are used as foods
by humans.
10. Practical based question.
Vishal found an old tetra pack of fruit squash in his fridge. He was
surprised to see that the tetra pack was puffed. He checked the
expiry date of the pack and found that it was of the previous week.
When he opened the pack, a gas escaped with a hissing sound.
Answer the following questions.
a. Why was the tetra pack puffed?
Answer: Due to fermentation there was production of gas which could

not escape as the pack was closed. Hence the pack was puffed.

VIII Science
b. Which gas must have escaped from the pack?
Answer: Carbon dioxide
11. Value based question.
Pooja and Megha bought fish from the market. The quantity of fish
was too much hence both of them decided to preserve some fish
for later use. Pooja salted the fishes and sun dried them completely
while Megha kept the fish in an airtight container.
a. Which fish will last longer? Why?
Answer: The fish that are salted and sun dried will last longer as there is
no moisture left in them which will restrict the growth of microorganisms.
b. What values are shown by Pooja?
Answer: Knowledge, awareness
13. HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)
a. Why does curd take more time to set during winter?
Answer: Because bacteria need warm environment for their growth

which lacks during winter so it takes long for the bacteria (Lactobacillus)
to grow and convert milk into curd.
b. Drinking unpasteurised milk is not recommended. Justify this

statement.
Answer: Because raw milk contains various bacteria which can be lethal
and can cause serious illness, so its not advised to drink unpasteurised
milk.

Microorganisms - Friend and Foe

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Microorganisms - Friend and Foe

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Microorganisms - Friend and Foe

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

VIII Science

PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, OSMANABAD

a. Which of the following is a bacterial disease?

i. AIDS ii. Ringworm

iii. Typhoid iv. Athlete’s foot

b. _____________ is a harmful bacterium.

i. Vibrio cholera ii. Euglena

iii. Rhizobium iv. Lactobacillus

Answer: Vibrio cholerae

c. _____________ gas is released during the process of

i. Oxygen ii. Nitrogen

iii. Hydrogen iv. Carbon dioxide

Answer: Carbon dioxide

d. The carrier of the dengue virus is the ___________.

i. female anopheles mosquito ii. female aedes mosquito

iii. housefly iv. cockroach

Answer: Female Aedes mosquito

e. Which of the following is not present in viruses?

i. Capsid ii. Envelope

iii. Capsule iv. Cell wall

Answer: Cell wall

Science 20-21 Page 1

2. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.

a. Amoebic dysentery is caused by a protozoan known as Entamoeba

b. Chlamydomonas is a unicellular alga whereas volvox is colonial.

d. Paramoecium shows the presence cilia of for locomotion.

e. Excessive growth of algae in a water body leads to eutrophication.

a. Most bacteria reproduce by binary fission. (True)

b. Curd contains millions of bacteria called azetobacter. (False)

c. Algae show the presence of a membrane of lipid, referred to as an

d. Sun dried vegetables and fruits need to be consumed soon as they

e. Seaweed are good manure as they are rich in nitrogen and

Science 20-21 Page 2

4. Match the following.

b. Viruses (Bacteriophage) ii. Spirogyra

c. Fungi (Mushroom) iii. Euglena

d. Algae (Spirogyra) iv. Salmonella

e. Protozoa (Euglena) v. Bacteriophage

5. Answer the following questions in one word or a sentence.

a. Which organism moves with the help of pseudopodia?

c. Which microorganisms are obligate parasites that are considered

d. Name the causative agent of malaria.

e. Which algae are used as a source of food?

Answer: Spirulina/ seaweed

6. Answer the following questions in short.

a. List four diseases caused by viruses in humans.

Answer: Measles, chickenpox, jaundice and AIDS

Science 20-21 Page 3

b. What are bacteria? Enlist the different types of bacteria based

Answer: Bacteria (singular bacterium) are unicellular, prokaryotic

c. Enlist different methods of food preservation.

Answer: Chemical preservation, addition of salt and sugar, drying,

d. Write any two uses of microbes in keeping the environment

Answer: - Microorganisms are used in wastewater treatment to digest

a. Viruses are obligate parasites.

b. Incidences of food poisoning increase manifolds in the rainy

Answer: There is a high probability of water contamination during the

Science 20-21 Page 4

8. Answer the following questions in detail.