WORK ENERGY AND POWER

MARCH 2014
1. From the table given below:
Force (N) 2 4 6 8 10
Displacement (m) 1 2 3 4 5
(a) Draw the force - displacement graph.
(b) How can you find the work done from the above graph? [1]
(c) Suggest any two situations in which the work done by a force is zero.
[1]
(d) A body is pushed with a force of 3N for 2s along a frictionless track. The graph shows the
velocity of the body against time.

How much work is done by the force?

SAY 2014
1. Below figure represents two-point masses, 𝑚1 , and 𝑚2 , approaching each other with speeds
u1 , and u2 , Let them undergo one-dimensional collision and retrieve each other with
velocities v1 and v2

Show that (u1 − u2 ) = −(v1 − v2 ),

i.e., after collision, their relative velocities are equal. [3]
MARCH 2015
1. The scalar product of force and displacement gives work. It can be negative, zero or
positive.
(a) The work done in sliding a load is ……. with respect to frictional force.
(zero, positive, negative, infinity)
[1]
(b) State and prove the work-energy theorem for constant force. [2]
(c) A pump on the ground floor of a building can pump water to fill a tank of volume 30 𝑚³ in
15 minutes. If the tank is 40m above the ground and the efficiency of the pump is 30%. How
much electric power is consumed by the pump?
OR
Several games such as billiards, marbles or carrom involve collisions.
(a) When two objects collide, after collision they could move together, the collision is ......
(Elastic, completely elastic, inelastic, completely inelastic) [1]
(b) Show that in a perfectly elastic collision in one-dimension, relative velocity after collision
is equal to relative velocity before collision. [2]
(c) A ball at rest is dropped from a height of 12 m. It loses 25% of its kinetic energy on striking
the ground. Find the height to which it bounces.
[2]

SAY 2015
1. The figure shows a body of mass m placed at a height h. A, B and C are the three points on
the trajectory of this body.

(a) Which is the type of energy possessed by this body at a height h?

[1]
(b) Prove that total mechanical energy is conserved at B and C. [2]
(c) A body of mass 5 kg is thrown vertically up with a kinetic energy of 490 J. Find the height
at which the kinetic energy of the body becomes half of the original value.
[2]
MARCH 2016
1. Force is required to lift a body from the ground to a height h and work is measured as the
product of force and magnitude of displacement.
(a) Name the energy possessed by the body at maximum height. Write an equation for it.
[2]
(b) A man of mass 60 kg carries a stone of mass 20 kg to the top of a multi-storeyed building
of height 50 m. Calculate the total energy spent by him? (𝑔 = 9.8 𝑚/𝑠²)
[2]
SAY 2016
1. (a) State work energy theorem. [1]
(b) Show that the potential energy of a body is completely converted into kinetic energy during
its free fall under the gravity. [2]
MARCH 2017
1. Energy of a body is defined as its capacity of doing work.
(a) The energy possessed by a body by virtue of motion is known as ...... [1]
(b) A body of mass 5 kg initially at rest is subjected to a horizontal force of 20N. What is the
kinetic energy acquired by the body at the end of 10s?
[3]
(c) State whether the following statement is true or False. “The change in kinetic energy of a
particle is equal to the work done on it by the net force”
[3]
SAY 2017
1. The total mechanical energy of the system is conserved, if the forces doing work on it are
conservative.
(a) Derive a mathematical expression to explain work-energy theorem. [2]
(b) A particle of mass 4m kg which is at rest explodes into three fragments. Two of the
fragments each of mass m kg are found to move in mutually perpendicular directions with
speed v m/s each. Find the energy released in the process of explosion.
[3]
MODEL 2018
1. “A heavy body and a light body have the same kinetic energy” Which one has greater
momentum? Why? [2]
2. According to conservation of energy “energy can neither be created nor be destroyed”
(a) Prove law of conservation of mechanical energy in the case of a freely falling body.
[1 ½]
(b) The bob of a pendulum of length 1.5m is released from the position ‘A’ shown in the figure.
What is the speed with which the bob arrives at the lower most point B, given that 5% of its
initial energy is dissipated against air resistance?
[1 ½]

MARCH 2018
1. A boy throws a ball of mass 200g with a velocity 20 m/s at an angle of 40° with the
horizontal. What is the kinetic energy of the ball at the highest point of the trajectory?
2. Write the work done in each of the following cases as zero, positive or negative.
[2]
(a) Work done by centripetal force in circular motion.
(b) Work done by friction.
(c) Work done by gravitational force of freely falling object.
(d) Work done by the applied force in lifting an object.
3. (a) If 𝐴⃗ is perpendicular to 𝐵
⃗⃗, what is the value of 𝐴⃗ ∙ 𝐵
⃗⃗
[1]
(b) Find the angle between the force
 𝐹⃗ = (3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ )𝑁 and displacement
𝑑⃗ = (5𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ )𝑚
[3]
SAY 2018
1. The angle between 𝐴⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ and
⃗⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ is ……….
𝐵 [1]
(a) 45° (b) 90°
(c) 60° (d) 180°
2. Select the CORRECT alternative.[2]
(a) When a conservative force does positive work on a body, the potential energy of the body
……….
(i) Increases
(ii) Decreases
(iii) Remains unaltered
(b) Work done by a body against friction always results in a loss of its
(i) Kinetic energy
(ii) Potential energy
(c)The rate of change of total momentum of a system of many particles system is proportional
to the ........ on the system.
(i) External force
(ii) Sum of the internal forces
(d) The quantity which is conserved in an inelastic collision of two bodies is …….
(i) Total kinetic energy
(ii) Total linear momentum
3. A car and a truck have the same kinetic energies at a certain instant while they are moving
along two parallel roads.
(a) Which one will have greater momentum?
[1]
(b) If the mass of truck is 100 times greater than that of the car, find the ratio of velocity of the
truck to that of the car.
MODEL 2019
1. The given graph shows potential energy, kinetic energy and total energy of a block attached
to a spring obeying Hooke’s law. Identify the graph.
[2]

2. Identify the sign of work done by the forces given are whether positive or negative.
(a) Work done by the force applied by a man and gravitational force in lifting a bucket out of
a well by means of a rope tied to the bucket. [1]
(b) Work done by an applied force and frictional force on a body moving on a rough horizontal
plane with uniform velocity. [1]
(c) Calculate the work done by the given force displacement graph. [2]

MARCH 2019
1. Write any two properties of conservative force. [1]
2. Power is the rate at which work is done.
(a) Express power in terms of force and velocity.
[1]
(b) An elevator carrying the maximum load of 1800 kg is moving up with a constant speed of
2 m/s. The frictional force opposing the motion is 4000 N. Determine the minimum power
delivered by the motor to the elevator.
[2]
(c) Express your above answer in horse power.
[1]
SAY 2019
1. A light body and a heavy body have equal kinetic energies, which one has greater
momentum? [1]
2. Several games such as billiards, marbles or carrom involve collision.
(a) What is meant by completely inelastic collision? [1]

(b) Show that in an elastic collision in one dimension, the relative velocity after collision is
numerically equal to relative velocity before collision. [3]
MODEL 2020
1. kilowatt hour is the unit of:
(a) Energy (b) Power
(c) Time (d) Mass
2. Consider a spring applied with a force within the elastic limit.
(a) Draw the variation of restoring force F with displacement x from the mean position.
[1]
(b) What does the area of the graph represent?
[1]
3. A stone is dropped from the top of tower of height h.
(a) State work - energy theorem. [1]
(b) Prove law of conservation of energy in this case. [2]
(c) Draw the variation of P.E. and K.E with the height of the stone. [1]

MARCH 2020
1. Find out the sign of work done in the following cases:
[2]
(a) Work done by a man in lifting bucket out of a well.
(b) Work done by friction on a body sliding down an inclined plane.
(c) Work done by an applied force on a body moving on a rough horizontal plane.
(d) Work done by the resistive force of air on a vibrating pendulum.
2. Graphs of the potential energy, kinetic energy and total energy of an oscillating spring is
shown in figure:

(a) Find out the potential energy, kinetic energy and total energy from the graph.
(b) Derive an expression to find the potential energy of a spring. [1½]
SAY 2020
1. Two bodies of masses m1 and m2 , have the same linear momentum. What is the ratio of
their kinetic energies? [2]
2. An object is dropped from a height H as shown below:
[3]

Show that total energy is conserved at the points A, B and C.

MODEL 2021
1. Write whether the work done in the following cases are positive, negative or zero.
[2]
(a) Work done by frictional force
(b) Work done by centripetal force on a body moving in a circular path.
(c) Work done by gravitational force in a freely falling body.
(d) Work done by a person carrying a load on his head and walks along a horizontal level road.
2. The magnitude of Kinetic energy of a body is ‘K’. What is its kinetic energy if its velocity
is doubled? [2]
3. (a) State the principle of conservation of mechanical energy.
[1]
(b) Prove the principle of conservation of mechanical energy in the case of a freely falling
body. [3]
4. (a) Derive an equation for the potential energy of a stretched spring. [2]
(b) Draw a graph showing the variation of kinetic energy and potential energy with
displacement in the case of a spring obeying Hooke’s law.
[2]
MARCH 2021
1. Write whether the work done in the following cases is positive, negative or zero.
[2]
(a) The work done by the frictional force during the motion of an object.
(b) The work done by the gravitational force during the motion of an object on a horizontal
surface.
2. What is the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions? Derive an expression for
loss in kinetic energy on completely inelastic collision of two bodies in one dimensional
motion.
[4]
3. Prove that the mechanical energy of a ball of mass ‘m’ dropped from a height ‘h’ is
conserved. [4]
4. Calculate the energy used by a 100-watt bulb which is on for 10 hours.[4]
SAY 2021
1. State whether the work done in the following situations are zero, positive or negative:
[2]
(i) Work done by friction
(ii) Work done by the applied force in lifting an object
(iii) Work done by centripetal force in circular motion
(iv) Work done by gravitational force in a freely falling body
2. Prove work-energy theorem for a variable force.
[2]
3. State and prove the law of conservation of mechanical energy in the case of a freely falling
object. [4]
4. Power is the time rate at which work is done.
(a) Write an equation for power in terms of force and velocity.
(b) Power cannot be expressed in the unit
(i) Js −1 (ii) Horse-power
(iii) Kilowatt hour (iv) Watt [1]
(c) The engine of a bus of mass 5000 accelerates the bus from 2 𝑚𝑠 −1 to 20 𝑚𝑠 −1 in 120
seconds. Calculate the power expended by the engine. [2]
MODEL 2022
1. (i) What is meant by work done by a force?
[1]
(ii) Write down any two conditions in which work done is zero. [1]
(iii) Write any one example for negative work.
[1]
MARCH 2022
1. Draw the variation of kinetic energy and potential energy of a freely falling body with
height. [2]
2. Show that the total mechanical energy of a freely falling body is constant.[3]

SAY 2022
1. State work-energy theorem. [2]
2. (a) State the law of conservation of energy.
[2]
(b) Prove the law of conservation of mechanical energy in the case of freely falling body.
[2]
MODEL 2023
1. Which physical quantity is conserved in all types of collision? [1]
2. Write down the type of energy present in each of the following:
[2]
(i) Flowing water
(ii) Spring of a clock
(iii) Rolling ball
(iv) Raised hammer
3. (a) What is a conservative force? [1]
(b) Obtain the expression for energy stored in a spring.
[2]
MARCH 2023
1. (a) Choose the correct option:
The spring force is a conservative/ non-conservative force.
[1]
(b) Draw the variation of potential and kinetic energies of a spring with its displacement from
the equilibrium position. [1]
2. (a) A car and lorry have equal kinetic energy, which one will have greater momentum?
Explain. [1]
(b) State and prove work-energy theorem.
[3]