2-10 Vietnam 1.

GHG Inventory and Scenario Development in Transport Sector Page 1

2-10. Vietnam

(I) Title and Title  GHG Inventory and Scenario Development in Transport Sector
category Category (VI) Policy / Institution /Cooperation Framework

(II) Project operators  Ministry of Transport. (Supported by GIZ from 06/2016 to 01/2019)

 GHG inventory in Transport sector including road, inland waterway, maritime, raill
way and aviation.
(III) Project overview  Clearly quantify emissions of vehicles in subsectors.
 Develop emission reduction scenarios and implementation costs to identify GHG
emission reduction options (Including for Green Logistics)

 Development of Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) methods for the

transport sector strategy
 The effectiveness of Viet Nam’s transport sector strategy with regard to
climate change mitigation depends on the availability of data that is
measurable, reliable and verifiable. This component aims to support the
Government of Viet Nam in applying tools to measure, report and verify the
total fuel consumption and GHG emissions of the transport sector (road,
maritime, railway, inland waterway, aviation) complementing existing top-
down approaches with so called “bottom-up” approaches based on transport
activity data.
 Support for scenario development process
(IV) Key points
 In order to be able to identify specific targets for the implementation of Viet
Nam’s NDC and mitigation strategies, realistic scenarios need to be
developed. The objective of this component is to build scenario for GHG
emission reduction based on BAU and two mitigation scenarios. It cordinates
with World Bank to assess the cost of mitigation measures
 Capacity building support on mitigation actions
 Viet Nam’s Ministry of Transport is tasked with the development of a sectoral
climate change strategy. The objective of this componenet is to offer capacity
development measures, facilitating an exchange with transport authorities in
other countries, and mobilising international expertise on emission
calculations and mitigation actions in the transport sector.

 Determine the emissions of vehicles in the road, inland waterways, railways and
maritime sectors;
 Develop scenarios and costs for reducing GHG emissions when modal shift from
(V) Effects
road transport to inland waterways, railways and maritime and planning for
optimal mitigation measures;
 Assess the logistic options availability.

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 2-10 Vietnam 1. GHG Inventory and Scenario Development in Transport Sector Page 2

[Minister of MOT issue Circular on statitical indicator system and reporting

regime in the transport sector]

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

[Statitical indicators for emission calculation]

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 2-10 Vietnam 2. Green Freight Project Page 1

(I) Title and Title  Green Freight Project

category Category (VI) Policy / Institution /Cooperation Framework
 Directorate for Roads of Viet Nam (Under MOT) hosted this project and
(II) Project operators
sponsored by ADB (The Project was implemented from 01/2015 to 08/2016)
 26 trucking companies participated in the project in which 11 trucking companies
were supported to install low rolling resistance tires of Michelin (project support
and trucking companies shared the cost for all tires per trucks), 15 trucking
companies were installed aerodynamics with 100% support of project.
 100 drivers and 15 instructors were educated for eco drive skills
 2 trucking companies were assessed for green freight Asia label
 The project tested the technology application including low rolling resistance tires
(III) Project overview
usuage, aerodynamic installation, standard tire pressure control how to reduce
fuel consumption in the real condition. The fuel consumption of trucks was
monitored in maximum 6 months to check the efficiency of technology.
 Eco-drive skills were trained for 15 instructors and 100 truck drivers. The drivers
were encouraged to apply those skills frequently in the real condition. The fuel
consumption of drivers’trucks was monitored within 6 months.
 2 trucking companies were supported to apply green freight Asia label.
 Implementation results:
 Efficient tires reduce fuel consumption by 4-6%;
 Aerodynamic devices reduce fuel consumption by 2-3%;
 1 bar higher tire inflation reduces fuel consumption by 2%;
 Eco Drive reduces fuel consumption by 3-6% (lower impact over time);
 Combined measures reduce fuel consumption and GHG emissions by 10-
13% representing per truck per annum 11-15 tCO2 for Viet Nam.
 The economics are:
 Efficient tires require an incremental investment of 900 USD per truck with a
(IV) Key points payback time of 12-13 months;
 Aerodynamic devices require an investment of 900-1,000 USD per truck with
a payback time of 2-3 years;
 Eco Drive requires an investment of around 150 USD and has a payback
time of 3-6 months;
 Combined the measures require an additional investment of 2,000 USD, with
a payback time of 1 year and a FIRR of >90%.Measures are profitable but
encounter barriers like lack of reliability and visibility of savings, additional
investment, and drivers being paid a fixed amount for fuel and therefore lack
of interest of the truck owner to invest in energy saving devices.
 Directorate for Roads of Viet Nam issued handbook of Eco drive skills for trucking
companies.
 Trucking enterprises were interested in Green Freight Asia label.
(V) Effects
 Low technology availability can be applied in Viet Nam with support of additional
cost for Green Freight Technologies (such as climate finance) due to high cost of
low technologies (such as low rolling resistance tires).
[Trucks with low rolling resistance tires]

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

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 2-11 Japan Establishment of the Green Logistics Partnership Conference Page 1

2-11. Japan

Title  Establishment of the Green Logistics Partnership Conference

(I) Title and
category
Category (VI) Policy / Institution /Cooperation Framework

 Organizers
 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
 Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
 Japan Association for Logistics and Transport
 Japan Institute of Logistics Systems
 Cooperation
 Keidanren (Japan Business Federation)
 Members (3,235 companies and organizations, 118 individuals as of
(II) Project operators February 17, 2016)
 Logistics operators
 Shippers
 Industry associations in related industries
 Think tanks
 Research institutions
 Regional bureaus of the government
 Municipalities
 Individuals

 Background of the establishment of the Green Logistics Partnership

Conference
 In industrialized countries such as Japan, the Kyoto Protocol was
adopted in 1997, which has set the goal of reducing emissions of
greenhouse gases such as CO2. It came into effect in 2005. In Japan,
the Cabinet decision was made on the Kyoto Protocol Target
Achievement Plan in 2005. In this plan, the formation of low carbon
logistics systems was proposed. Until then, logistics operators in Japan
tried to reduce CO2 emissions individualy by introducing fuel-efficient
vehicles. However, there was limited room for the activity to be
effective. Therefore, the organizers in Japan established the Green
Logistics Partnership Conference in 2005 and logistics operators tried to
further reduce CO2 emissions by cooperating with shippers to expand
the activities to the areas of production, distribution and sales. Following
the Paris Agreement in 2015, Japan needed to continue reducing its
CO2 emissions. Since then, the Green Logistics Partnership Conference
(III) Project overview
has become even more important.
 Commendations for the best practices on green logistics and presentations
of their high-quality activities
 At the Green Logistics Partnership Conference, 3,235 companies and
organization members and 118 individual members participated
voluntarily (as of February 17, 2016), under the auspices of the
organizers. At the Green Logistics Partnership Conference, the best
practices by member companies were given commendations for their
activities to reduce CO2 emissions in collaboration with shippers and
logistics operators. These 60 cases were cited in order to be shared and
promoted and were placed on the web page.
 Establishment of guidelines for calculation methods of CO2 emissions
 The Green Logistics Partnership Conference formulated and published
guidelines for calculating CO2 emissions, so that shippers and logistics
operators can analyze the results of their activities, leading to
effectiveness of CO2-emission reduction.

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 2-11 Japan Establishment of the Green Logistics Partnership Conference Page 2
 Open participation of shippers and logistics operators
Collaboration with shippers and logistics operators is the one of aims to
promote green logistics at the Green Logistics Partnership Conference.
There are no specific qualifications for participating. Any organization,
company or individual interested in green logistics may participate openly.
 Commendations of the best practices and disseminating of the activities
The Green Logistics Partnership Conference recognizes and gives
commendations for the best practices to reduce CO2 emissions, such as
(IV) Key points
commendations by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. And the best
practices are introduced on the websites to promote awareness and
disseminate the details of best practices.
 Providing a calculation method of CO2 emissions
By providing the guidelines for calculating CO2 emissions, the burden is
lessened on logistics operators and shippers for calculating the
effectiveness of their efforts.
 Reducing CO2 emissions by cooperating with shippers and logistics
operators
 Secondary effects are the reduction of other environmental impacts (SOx,
(V) Effects
NOx, PM) and productivity improvements
 Promoting awareness of green logistics to any organization, company or
individual ; disseminating of the activities for reduction of CO2 emissions
[Scheme of Green Logistics Partnership Conference]
Promotion of Activities through Green Logistics Partnership Conference
◆Expand the range of activities by positive participation of shippers.
Aim ◆Create the CO2 emission reduction plan in joint activities of shippers and logistics service providers.
◆Extend positive support in collaboration with the ministries concerned.
Green Logistics Partnership Conf.
JILS JALoT METI MLIT Keidanren
Member
Audit corporations, Think-tank, Research
Shippers, Distribution
Logistics service providers and business institutions, Researchers associations
operators and each industry
operators associations Regional Bureaus of the Government
association
Municipalities, Others

Case Commendation
Education
Step Presentation

Case of Green
Logistics
Efficiency improvement
International multimodal Modal shift by multiple Optimized logistics by 3PL
in truck
transport shippers business
transportation
Creation of CO2 Emission Calculation Popularization and Publicity
Green Logistics Model Project
Action Item Method
(Initially) ●Selection of excellent cases
●Support by subsidy
●Creation of the calculation method and PR
(METI/MLIT)
according to various activities and its ●Publicity toward
standardization spreading/expansion

(VI) Supplemental
explanation [Commendations and presentations of best practices]
（Commendation） （Presentation of best practices）

[Logo]

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 2-11 Japan F-Line Project: Establishment of Logistics Platform towards realization of effective
logistics in the Food Industry Page 1

 F-Line Project: Establishment of Logistics Platform towards realization of

Title
effective logistics in the Food Industry
(I) Title
and
category
(I) Modal shift
Category
(II) Joint transportation

(F-Line Project member)

 Ajinomoto Co., Inc.
 Kagome Co., Ltd.
 The Nisshin OilliO Group, Ltd.
 Nisshin Foods Inc.
 House Foods Group Inc.
(II) Project operators
 Mizkan Holdings Co., Ltd.
(Logistics operators)
 Ajinomoto Logistics Corporation
 All Japan Express Co., Ltd.
 Japan Freight Railway Company
 Nippon Express Co., Ltd.

 “F-Line Project” (a council which was formed by 6 major food industry

companies) and logistics operators have worked together for the realization
of joint transport & delivery, modal shift and consolidation of main routes for
(III) Project overview reduction of CO2 emission, improvement of operation efficiency, and
improvement of productivity. In addition, further activities for reduction of
waiting time upon delivery, as well as promoting the use of pallets are
underway, through the rationalization of food logistics process covering from
production to delivery to its sales.

 CO2 emission reduced by 216 tons by joint transport & delivery in Hokkaido
Prefecture, as well as modal shift to a round-trip use of 31ft container.
(IV) Key points  Aim of the project is that to introduce a standardized scheme and regulation
to the industry for rationalization of food logistics process from production ~
delivery ~ sales.

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 216.0 tons

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 19.1%

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 2-11 Japan F-Line Project: Establishment of Logistics Platform towards realization of effective
logistics in the Food Industry Page 2

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

Example of joint delivery and transport

Example of standarlization of invoice form

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 2-11 Japan Distribution measures of Green Logistics in Kichijoji Page 1

Title  Distribution measures of Green Logistics in Kichijoji

(I) Title and
category
(II) Joint transportation
Category
(III) Unification and relocation of cargo bases

 Kichijoji Activation Council

 Collabo Delivery Co., Ltd.
 Times24 Co., Ltd.
(II) Project operators
 atre Co., Ltd.
 Toyohashi Sozo University
 City of Musashino

 The objective of this project was to turn the shopping street in Kichijoji into a
comfortable place for pedestrians by reducing the passage of delivery
vehicles, street parking and loading & unloading on the street. The store
association cooperated in taking on the following 4 measures, which
successfully reduced vehicles parking and loading & unloading on the street
and in reducing CO2 emissions. These measures has improved the
cityscape and comfort for pedestrian.
(1)Joint transport and delivery system
Established a joint transport and delivery center, from where all packages
(III) Project overview are delivered using hand carts.
(2)A standard rule of delivering shipments in Kichijoji
Established a standard rule of delivering shipments and reminded the rule
by weekly. Also promotions through fliers and word-of-mouth were
implemented.
(3)Flat rate program for parking lots
In collaboration with parking lots, Times24, delivery vehicles are given a
card which is enable to use the parking lots with flat rate.
(4)Cooperation with a large store to handle delivery shipments, “atre Kichijoji”
increased their shipment sorting berths.

 Aiming to create a comfort town where people can enjoy walking, individuals
involved in the shopping street cooperated and continued to work on the
(IV) Key points programs.
 The program has great potential to be applied to other shopping streets in
Japan and can become a model case.

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 32 tons (32 tons→0 ton)

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 100%

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 2-11 Japan Distribution measures of Green Logistics in Kichijoji Page 2

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

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 2-11 Japan Modal Shift to Rail and Shipping towards realization of Environmentally
Friendly Deliveries to Customers -Green logistics in a partnership with retailers,
makers and distribution businesses- Page 1

 Modal Shift to Rail and Shipping towards realization of Environmentally Friendly

Title Deliveries to Customers -Green logistics in a partnership with retailers, makers and
(I) Title distribution businesses-
and
category
Category (I) Modal shift

 Kobe Modal Shift Promotion Council

 Oji Transportation Co., Ltd.
(II) Project operators  All Japan Express Co., Ltd.
 Japan Freight Railway Company
 Nestlé Japan Limited

 Nestle Japan succeeded in significantly reducing CO2 emissions, from where

(III) Project overview delivered merchandise from its 3 main factories nationwide by modal shifting from
truck shipping to rail and ship shipping.

 Requested cooperation to customers to put in orders with a determined quantity as

early as possible to enable delivery using rail and ship.
(IV) Key points
 Simultaneous with the modal shift, direct transport of products from the factory to
customers achieved to reduce the number of delivery vehicles.

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 1,208.4 tons

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 86.5%

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 2-11 Japan Modal Shift to Rail and Shipping towards realization of Environmentally
Friendly Deliveries to Customers -Green logistics in a partnership with retailers,
makers and distribution businesses- Page 2

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

-41-
 2-11 Japan Reduction of CO2 Emissions through Modal Shift from Truck to Rail way Page 1
Title  Reduction of CO2 Emissions through Modal Shift from Truck to Rail way
(I) Title and
category
Category (I) Modal shift

 Bourbon Corporation
 Japan Freight Railway Company
(II) Project operators
 Maki Unso
 Sakata Kairiku Unso Co., Ltd.

 The project reduced the amount of CO2 emissions by shifting transport from
(III) Project overview truck to container railway from the Shibata Factory in Niigata and the Haguro
Factory in Yamagata to the Okayama Logistics Center.

 Shifted means of transport from truck to container railway from the Bourbon
Haguro Factory in Yamagata and the Shibata Factory in Niigata to the
(IV) Key points Okayama Logistics Center.
 Resulted in the reduction of CO2 emissions and cost due to escalating fuel
prices. And it resolved the problem of insufficient truck drivers.

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 550.13 tons

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 32.7%

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 2-11 Japan Efforts for a low-impact on the environment by providing dedicated trains for
AEON Global SCM Co., Ltd. Page 1

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

[Route of modal shift]

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 2-11 Japan Efforts for a low-impact on the environment by providing dedicated trains for
AEON Global SCM Co., Ltd. Page 1
 Efforts for a low-impact on the environment by providing dedicated trains for
Title
AEON Global SCM Co., Ltd.
(I) Title and
category
(I) Modal shift
Category
(II) Joint transportation

 Aeon Global SCM Co., Ltd.

(II) Project operators  Japan Freight Railway Co., Ltd.
 All Japan Express Co., Ltd.

 This project has promoted a modal shift in transportation to freight trains for
consignor in multiple industries including AEON Co., Ltd.to reduce carbon
(III) Project overview CO2 emissions. By running special freight trains utilizing railway schedules in
which train services are suspended on Sundays, capacity of railway’s
transportation during the peak period was improved.

 Utilization of trains that are not in service on Sundays

 Involvement of many consigners and make other adjustments to collect their
(IV) Key points
shipments for Sunday operations
 Continuous efforts while gradually increasing participants of companies

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 537.0 tons (from 631 to 94 tons)

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 85.1%

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 2-11 Japan Efforts for a low-impact on the environment by providing dedicated trains for
AEON Global SCM Co., Ltd. Page 2

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

-45-
 2-11 Japan Modal shift to ships and rail modes to reduce amounts of CO2 emission and
upsizing trucks to deal with shortage of long-distance truck drivers. Page 1

 Modal shift to ships and rail modes to reduce amounts of CO2 emission and
Title
upsizing trucks to deal with shortage of long-distance truck drivers.
(I) Title and
category
(I) Modal shift
Category
(V) Infrastructure

 Nippon Express Co., Ltd.

 Fujifilm Logistics Co., Ltd.
(II) Project operators
 MOL Ferry Co., Ltd.
 Japan Freight Railway Company

 Truck transportation of Fujifilm’s cargoes and materials was converted to

ships and rails transportation to reduce CO2 emissions. In addition to the
(III) Project overview modal shift, the transport capacity was increased by using larger-size trucks
and resolved shortage of long-distance drivers by reducing their driving
distance.

 CO2 emission reduction through modal shift to ships and railroad

transportation
(IV) Key points  Improvement in transport capacity by using larger-size trucks
 Resolution of shortage of long-distance drivers by reducing their driving
distance.

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 483.8 tons

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 70.8%

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 2-11 Japan Modal shift to ships and rail modes to reduce amounts of CO2 emission and
upsizing trucks to deal with shortage of long-distance truck drivers. Page 2

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

-47-
 2-11 Japan Green logistics project with consideration to environmental conservation (for reduction of
CO2 emissions, nitrogen oxides (Nox) and particulate matters (PM) through efficient loading
by ordering the optimal quantities, the milk-run system and modal shift) Page 1

 Green logistics project with consideration to environmental conservation (for

reduction of CO2 emissions, nitrogen oxides (Nox) and particulate matters
Title
(PM) through efficient loading by ordering the optimal quantities, the milk-
(I) Title run system and modal shift)
and
category
(II) Joint transportation
Category (III) Unification and relocation of cargo bases
(IV) Technologies

 Koshino Unso K.K.

(II) Project operators
 Yagi Co., Ltd.

 Four parties (consigners and manufacturers) achieved the following two

activities to improve transport efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions.
Unification of cargo collection and delivery by the milk-run system in the
(III) Project overview
Kansai area and modal shift using railway for trunk-line transport to
Saitama. For further reduction of environmental burden, introduced CNG
trucks to eliminate Nox and PM.

 Achievement of CO2 emissions reduction through introduction of CNG

(IV) Key points (natural gas) trucks for the milk run system and modal shift of trunk-line
transport to rail transport.

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 64 tons/year (from 74 to 10 tons/year)

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 86%

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 2-11 Japan Green logistics project with consideration to environmental conservation (for reduction of
CO2 emissions, nitrogen oxides (Nox) and particulate matters (PM) through efficient loading
by ordering the optimal quantities, the milk-run system and modal shift) Page 2

(VI) Supplemental
explanation

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 2-11 Japan Energy-saving project on road-to-rail modal shift of cellular base stations
by introducing vibration/shock isolators Page 1
 Energy-saving project on road-to-rail modal shift of cellular base stations by
Title
introducing vibration/shock isolators
(I) Title and
category
(I) Modal shift
Category
(IV) Technologies

 Nippon Express Co., Ltd.

 Panasonic Mobile Communications Co., Ltd.
(II) Project operators  Panasonic Logistics Co.,Ltd.
 Nittsushoji Co., Ltd.
 Japan Freight Railway Company
 Cellular base stations used to be mainly transported by trucks with air
suspensions because of their vulnerability to vibration and shocks. The
operators had already started to address the improvement of physical
distribution efficiency and were required to further reduce CO2 emissions when
(III) Project overview
the energy saving law was revised.
 Then, they discussed the possibility of modal shift and finally achieved the
modal shift to rail by introducing vibration/shock isolators and carrying out
test operations.
 The road-to-rail modal shift for transportation of high-precision cellular base
(IV) Key points stations has been achieved by introducing privately-owned dedicated
containers equipped with vibration/shock isolators.

 CO2 reduction: 120 tons/year (from 125 tons/year to 5 tons/year)

(V) Effects
 CO2 reduction rate: 96%

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 2-11 Japan Energy-saving project on road-to-rail modal shift of cellular base stations
by introducing vibration/shock isolators Page 2

Before

Land transportation by trucks with air suspensions

Cellular base station sites in Hokkaido, Tohoku,
Chukyo, Kansai, Chugoku, Shikoku and Kyushu

Trucking
(Yokohama → Everywhere in Japan)

Panasonic Mobile Communications Co., Ltd.

Yokohama City

After

Rail transportation with privately-owned dedicated containers

Cellular base station
Rail transportation
(VI) Supplemental sites in cities
(Yokohama Hazawa
explanation station → any station)
Trucking

Freight depots in Sapporo, Aomori, Sendai,

Osaka, Hiroshima, Shikoku and Kyushu

Yokohama Trucking
Hazawa
station
Japan
Freight Panasonic Mobile Communications Co., Ltd.
Railway Yokohama City

(Privately-owned dedicated
container)

(Loaded container)

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 2-11 Japan Introduction of cooling system with Dynamic Ice (i.e; Ice thermal storage systems)
into trucks for perishables to reduce CO2 emmission. Page 1
 Introduction of cooling system with Dynamic Ice (i.e; Ice thermal storage
(I) Title and Title
systems) into trucks for perishables to reduce CO2 emmission.
category
Category (IV) Technologies

 CO-OP Sapporo
(II) Project operators  Maruko Doko
 IIT Corporation

 The existing 4ton refrigerator trucks were replaced by those equipped with
dynamic-type (regenerative type) ice storage system, instead of
(III) Project overview
refrigerator. It achieved to improve fuel efficiency and reduce energy
consumption and CO2 emissions by using CFC-free refrigerators.

 With a focus on scheduled time and frequent delivery for perishable/chilled

products, the project aims to improve fuel efficiency.
 Efficiency improvement was promoted by ensuring temperature control at
5℃ and a linkage between the storage time by using the dynamic-type ice
and the time of delivery to stores.
 Installing the dynamic-type ice brought promotion of the total system

(IV) Key points efficiency. The truck, equipped with the dynamic-type ice storage system is
the new long-time serviceable vehicles and also achieves reduction of
nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matters (PM).
 CO2 reduction can be achieved in the transportaion flow from perishable
centers to stores. CO-OP Sapporo has also put efforts into constructing the
eco store and achieved CO2 reduction as well.
(Perishable center: Refrigeration facility, Ammonia refrigerant facility [CFC-
free], Delivery trucks [CFC-free])

 Reduced CO2 emissions: 291.2 tons (2864.7tons→2573.5 tons）

(V) Effects
 Percentage of CO2 reduction: 10.2% (Achievement ratio: 125.6%)

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