Feliciano, Angelica A.

BSA-2B

Activity 4

Case Study 1. Where did the First Mass Take Place in the Philippines?

Way back then, there is already a controversy about the place where the first mass

in the Philippines was really held. Other people said that it was in Mazaua Island in Butuan

and other people claimed that it was in Limasawa Island in the Northern Leyte. The real

question is that where did it really took place? There are certain claims about this and two

of those claims came from Antonio Pigafetta which was a videographer or photographer

that was sent by the king of Spain together with Ferdinand Magellan on their First Voyage

around the world and one of it came from the captain pilot of their ship which was

Francisco Albo.

In Pigafetta’s account, he truly claimed that the first mass was held at Mazaua

island and he gave many informations about what really happened from the day that they

went to the said island as per on his book of first voyage which is considered as a primary

source. In the contrary, Albo’s account claimed that the first mass was not in Mazaua

island although he did not mention any place where it really happened, he gave a specific

altitude of the place where it happened. According to him it was Nine and two-thirds

degrees north which totally fits with the altitude of the Limasawa island. Somehow, I

cannot remove this thought in my head that Albo’s claim could be much reliable that

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyJSqs91Fg4&t=360s

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/pag-aalsa-sa-cavite/

https://nhcp.gov.ph/the-two-faces-of-the-1872-cavite-mutiny/

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/425942093/Where-Did-the-Cry-of-Rebellion-Happen-pptx
Pigafetta because Albo was the one who drove their transportation but on the other side

of the situation, Pigafetta gave a more detailed narration.

Their claims were indeed contradicting to each other and this just proved that up

until now, this controversy is not yet finished and not answered yet. For me, as a student

and as a Catholic I will not seek for answers anymore because aside from the fact that

no one can really prove what really happened during those times, what matters to me

now is that because of that particular and important event happened in the past is that it

enables us to be a Christian. Christians who value our Lord Jesus Christ more than

anything in this world. Honestly, I don’t value religion anymore. I mean I don’t care if I

attend whether a Catholic mass or a Born again mass because what really matters to me

is that I have a God, my one, true and powerful God that created the Heaven and the

earth.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyJSqs91Fg4&t=360s

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/pag-aalsa-sa-cavite/

https://nhcp.gov.ph/the-two-faces-of-the-1872-cavite-mutiny/

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/425942093/Where-Did-the-Cry-of-Rebellion-Happen-pptx
 Case Study 2: What happened in the Cavite Mutiny?

Spanish Accounts of the Cavite

Differing Accounts of the Events of 1872

First and foremost, the word mutiny is defined as an open rebellion against the

proper authorities, especially by soldiers or sailors against their officers. The Philippines

was under the Spanish government way back hundreds of years ago so no one could be

elected as the president. Governor-General Rafael de Izquierdo was being sent by the

Spain to lead the Philippines and before his governance, Filipino workers and soldiers

working at the Cavite arsenal used to have their privileged to be free from the forced labor

of all men from 16 years old to 60 years old for 40 days or commonly known as the polo

y servicio and from paying of taxes. When Izquierdo came here, he actually abolished

those privileges from the Filipino workers and soldiers so they created an uprising against

the Spanish government on January 20, 1872.

Eventually, their revolution was unsuccessful and government soldiers executed

many of the participants and began to crack down on a burgeoning nationalist movement.

Also, this became a fuse for the death of the three secular and martyr priests namely

Padre Mariano Gomez, Padre Jose Burgos, and Padre Jacinto Zamora or commonly

known as the GOMBURZA. They had been blamed to be the mastermind of the mutiny

just because they are active in the secularization movement but in reality, they did not

have any idea about that Cavite mutiny. On February 17, 1872 the Spaniards killed the

three priests in front of the public at Bagumbayan through the execution of garrote
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyJSqs91Fg4&t=360s

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/pag-aalsa-sa-cavite/

https://nhcp.gov.ph/the-two-faces-of-the-1872-cavite-mutiny/

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/425942093/Where-Did-the-Cry-of-Rebellion-Happen-pptx
meaning killing someone by strangulation, typically with an iron collar or a length of wire

or cord.

The Spanish version of the Cavite mutiny were being told by Jose Montero y Vidal

and the Governor-General Rafael Izquierdo which they claimed that the event was just

an attempt of the Indios to overthrow the Spanish government in the Philippines and just

made use of it to implicate the native clergy, which was then active in the call for

secularization. Their accounts complimented and corroborated with one another. On the

other hand, the Filipino version of the Cavite mutiny as we have tackled earlier, their main

reasons of the revolution and uprising were because of the abolition of privileges enjoyed

by them such as non-payment of tributes and exemption from force labor. Indeed, the

Spaniards wanted to change some parts of the reality because of course they wanted to

clean their names and hide from their wicked, immoral and ungodly deeds.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyJSqs91Fg4&t=360s

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/pag-aalsa-sa-cavite/

https://nhcp.gov.ph/the-two-faces-of-the-1872-cavite-mutiny/

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/425942093/Where-Did-the-Cry-of-Rebellion-Happen-pptx
 Case Study 3: Where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen?

The place where the Cry of Rebellion happened is still a controversy up until now.

Prominent Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo emphasizes the event when Bonifacio tore

the tax receipt or commonly known as cedula before the Katipuneros did the same after

him. Other authors said that the first military event with the Spaniards as the moment of

the Cry for which Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned an “Himno de Balintawak” to inspire

the renewed struggle after the Pact of Biak-na-Bato failed. Without a doubt, the place

where the Cry of Rebellion happened is still in the process of seeking and searching for

reliable answer. Indicated below are the dates and places that different historical people

and historians claimed to be the actual place and date of the Cry of Rebellion.

Different Dates and Places of the Cry

 August 23, 1986 Pio Valenzuela also known as Katipunero and privy to many

events concerning the Katipunan stated that the Cry happened in Pugad Lawin.

 August 23, 1896 Teodoro Agoncillo put it at Pugad Lawin.

 August 24, 1896 historians Milagros Guerrero, Emmanuel Encarnation and

Ramon Villegas claimed that the event took place in Tandang Sora’s barn in Gulod,

Barangay Banlat, Quezon City based on their research.

 August 24, 1896 Santiago Alvarez a Katipunero and son of Mariano Alvarez the

leader of the Magdiwang faction in Cavite, put the Cry in Bahay Toro Quezon City.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyJSqs91Fg4&t=360s

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/pag-aalsa-sa-cavite/

https://nhcp.gov.ph/the-two-faces-of-the-1872-cavite-mutiny/

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/425942093/Where-Did-the-Cry-of-Rebellion-Happen-pptx
  August 25, 1896 Lieutenant Olegario Diaz a guardia civil identified the Cry to have

happened in Balintawak.

 Last week of August 1896 Teodoro Kalaw a Filipino historian marks the place to

be in Kangkong, Balintawak.

 August 26, 1896 historian Gregorio Zaide identified the Cry to have happened in

Balintawak.

Accordingly, the controversy about the Cry of Rebellion is not yet finished up until

now but one thing is for sure and that is those events are important makers in the

history of colonies that struggled for their independence against the colonizers. They

are indeed brave and courageous, they deserved to be recognized for their heroic

deeds for our loving country. Hail to the real heroes of the country!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyJSqs91Fg4&t=360s

https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/pag-aalsa-sa-cavite/

https://nhcp.gov.ph/the-two-faces-of-the-1872-cavite-mutiny/

https://www.scribd.com/presentation/425942093/Where-Did-the-Cry-of-Rebellion-Happen-pptx