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    Pinyin Lesson1

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    Angelica Acab

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    Pinyin Lesson1

    Uploaded by

    Angelica Acab
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    Pinyin_Lesson1

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    1 views21 pages

    Pinyin Lesson1

    Uploaded by

    Angelica Acab

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 21

    INTRODUCTION

    Hanyu Pinyin (Pinyin) is the official phonetic system for


    transcribing the sound of Chinese characters into Latin
    script. It was developed in the 1950s based on earlier
    romanization systems.

    In the elementary schools in Taiwan, however, kids are


    still learning a different phonetic system: ဳᶪᒧ蒈
    (zhù yīn fú hào), aka Bopomofo.
    INTRODUCTION
    INTRODUCTION

    In Chinese, each character corresponds to one syllable.


    One syllable is composed of three parts:
    consonant (initial) + vowel (final) + tone mark.

    Depending on how we use the mouth, tongue, lips and


    teeth, the consonants and vowels are categorized.

    21 consonants (initials) which are divided into 8 groups;


    35 vowels (finals) which are divided into 10 groups.

    5 tones in Mandarin Chinese.


    INTRODUCTION

    Combinations of consonants and vowels plus the special


    cases result in more than 400 mono-syllabic sounds.
    If we apply the four tones of Mandarin Chinese to this,
    we will get a total of around 1,600 unique syllables.
    In reality, however, there are only 413 syllables in
    common use, which represent thousands of characters.

    Pronunciation of Mandarin has two aspects: syllables and


    tones. To speak Mandarin Chinese one must memorize
    words with their proper tones.
    CONSONANTS/INITIALS [GROUP1]

    b p m
    Ї Ј Љ
    Make the sound with your lips: 1) b: as the b in bay; 2) p: as the p in put
    with a stronger aspiration; 3) m: as the m in may.
    VOWELS/FINALS [GROUP1]

    a o e
    М Н О
    Keep your tongue flat in your mouth.Your lips should stay the same
    height and width when pronouncing: 1) a: as in father; 2) o: approximately
    as the o in office (British accent); 3) e: approximately as in idea.
    TONE MARKS [FIRST TONE]

    5
    Flat tone
    4
    Tone mark: ҆
    3
    Examples: tā, shēng in
    shēngrì (birthday)
    2

    1
    TONE MARKS [SECOND TONE]

    5
    Rising tone
    4
    Tone mark:
    3 Example: huáng

    1
    TONE MARKS [THIRD TONE]

    5
    Falling and rising tone (we
    4 begin with a lower level
    pitch, then rise a little to a
    higher level on the pitch
    3
    value diagram)

    2 Tone mark: ∨

    1 Examples: nǐ, hǎo, wǒ


    TONE MARKS [FOURTH TONE]

    5
    Falling tone (from the
    4 highest to the lowest pitch)

    Tone mark:
    3
    Examples: jiào, shì, yuè,
    2 rì, hào

    1
    TONE MARKS [FIFTH TONE]

    5
    Neutral tone
    4
    No tone mark
    3 Examples: de (possessive
    particle), xie in xièxie
    2 (thanks)

    1
    PRACTICE [FIRST TONE]
    PRACTICE [THIRD TONE]

    What is this?
    PRACTICE [SECOND TONE]

    What is this?
    PRACTICE [FOURTH TONE]

    What is this?
    TONE MARK RULES

    When a syllable contains a single vowel only, the tone


    mark is placed above the vowel sound: tā, rén, wǒ, shì.

    When a syllable contains two or more vowels, the tone


    mark is usually placed above vowels in the order of a, o,
    e, i, u, ü: jiā, hǎo, jiào.

    When a tone mark is placed above the vowel “i”, the


    dot over it should be omitted: shì.

    When “iu” or “ui” comes, the tone mark should be


    placed above the terminal vowel: liú, guǐ.
    EXERCISE 1

    ba po ma
    ЇМ ЈН ЉМ
    In this exercise, I will pronounce each syllable (from left to right) with
    the four tones. Listen carefully first, then repeat after me.
    EXERCISE 2

    mā [mom]
    māma [mom]
    EXERCISE 2

    má [generic name for hemp, flax etc.]


    máfan nǐ [Sorry to bother you.]
    EXERCISE 2

    mǎ [horse]
    xiǎo mǎ [pony]
    EXERCISE 2

    mà [to scold]
    màrén [to scold or yell at someone]

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