Air Conditioning System

The air conditioning system is the device that helps us keep our surroundings at the
temperature we want. You can feel the effects of the system wherever you go because it
is so common.

It can be installed in our houses, workplaces, cars, and even modern religious
institutions. In other words, it can be applied in both domestic and professional
environments. Aircon, AC, and A/C are common terms for air conditioning.

It includes a fan to circulate the conditioned air within the room. The enclosed area can
be a building or a vehicle. Today, we'll look at the definition, diagram, purposes, parts,
types, and operating principle of an air conditioning system.

So let's start.

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What is Air Conditioning System?

An air conditioner is an electrical device that removes heat and moisture from occupied
spaces with the help of electricity. It is a method that can be utilized to produce a more
comfortable environment, primarily for people and other animals.

Air conditioning can be obtained through a mechanical air conditioner or a variety of

other methods, such as passive cooling or ventilative cooling. Air conditioning is one of
several devices and processes that offer heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
(HVAC).

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It operated on vapor-compression refrigeration and comes in a variety of sizes, from

compact units that can be used in cars or small rooms to enormous units that can cool
huge buildings.

The cooling and dehumidification of spaces with heat-generating electronics, such as

computer servers and power amplifiers, is another use for air conditioning systems. It is
also used in areas that contain fragile items like artwork.

As of 2018, the International Energy Agency (IEA) reported that 1.6 billion air
conditioners were installed in buildings, accounting for 20% of global electricity
consumption. By 2050, that figure should rise to 5.6 billion.

Now, let's discuss the main parts of the air conditioner.

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Components of Air Conditioner System

The parts of the commercial air conditioner are explained below:

#1 Compressor

The compressor is the system's engine because it works with a fluid that easily converts
gas to liquid. The compressor converts low-pressure gas into high-pressure, which
commonly has a high temperature.

In order for it to function, a produced energized gas reduces the gap regions between
molecules. The compressor releases this energized gas, also referred to as a refrigerant,
which then enters the condenser.

#2 Condenser

The outdoor component of a heat pump or air conditioner is called a condenser, and
depending on the season, it either releases or absorbs heat. Condensers for heat pumps
and split air conditioners share the same fundamental components.

#3 Condenser Coil

As the high-pressure gas is converted into a liquid, the condenser coil contains a fan
that cools the gas and converts it into a liquid form. The obtained liquid is utilized by
the evaporator to perform the work. You'll find the compressor and condenser outside
of the home.

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#4 Thermostat

The thermostat controls the heat energy inside and outside of an air conditioning
system while maintaining the temperature of the system. A thermostat's setting options
include manual and automatic, depending on the design.

#5 Evaporator

Evaporators are part of the HVAC system that is located inside the home close to the
boiler or furnace. They are linked to the condenser by a very thin pipe.

In the air conditioner, the high-pressure gas is changed into a low-pressure liquid. Due
to the pressure drop, the liquid then turns into a gas. It is the fluid or refrigerant that
cools and removes heat from the system.

The evaporator condenses the fluid into a gas, which is then compressed by the
compressor. Everything happens in a cyclical way.

#6 Air Handler and Blowing Unit

These parts of the air conditioner work together to circulate cool air throughout the
room and draw air to the evaporator. A duct system allows air to flow freely
throughout the room.

#7 Fan

The indoor air handler of an AC unit is connected to the fan. The warm air in your
house will be returned to the condenser by the fan. The recirculated air will return to
the air handler, where it will be transformed into cool air and distributed throughout
your duct and vent system all over your home.

#8 Filter

The heating and cooling system in your home uses HVAC filters, which have a crucial
job to do. It removes tiny particles from the air that you and your family breathe, such
as dust, pollen, pet dander, and other impurities. In order to keep them from being
circulated again throughout your home, these particles are captured in the filter.

Below is a detailed diagram of an air conditioning system:

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Working of Air Conditioner System

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Now that you have a basic understanding of an air conditioner's parts. So let's dive a
little deeper and explain how the entire process functions.

The thermostat monitors and regulates the indoor air temperature and is typically
mounted on a wall in the middle of the house. As soon as the thermostat detects that
the air temperature needs to be lowered, it signals the air conditioning system
components both inside and outside the home to begin working.

The fan on the indoor unit pulls hot air through return air ducts from the home. This air
travels through filters that collect dust, lint, and other airborne particles. The heated
indoor air that has been filtered then travels over a cold evaporator coil.

By absorbing heat from the indoor air and converting it to gas, the liquid refrigerant
inside the evaporator coil cools the air passing over it. The blower fan of the indoor unit
then circulates the cooled air back through the ductwork of the house and into the
different living spaces.

Through a copper tube, the refrigerant gas leaves the house and enters the compressor
of the outdoor air conditioner. Consider the compressor to be a large electric pump. The
compressor pressurizes the refrigerant gas before delivering it to the condenser coil of
the outdoor unit.

The condenser coil has the ability to absorb and release heat from the house thanks to a
large fan that forces outside air through it. The refrigerant is changed back into a liquid
during this process. After that, it returns to the indoor unit via a copper tube and passes
through an expansion device to control the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator coil.

As the refrigerant cools, more heat is absorbed from the air, and the cycle repeats.

To learn more about the operation of an air conditioning system, watch the
video:

https://youtu.be/nVTdukNJdtM

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Functions of Air Conditioning System

The following are some of the primary purposes of an air conditioning system in a
modern home:

1. The primary function of air conditioning is to provide a pleasant climate for

humans.

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2. To lower the temperature of electrical devices, a unique type of conditioning

system is used.
3. It regulates a room's humidity since 30 to 65% is allowed and the temperature
should be between 20 and 26 degrees Celsius.
4. The air conditioning system affects the room air to keep people comfortable
while not interfering with their productivity.
5. Temperature, pressure, and humidity all affect the air's quality. The air pressure
does not change.
6. An air conditioning system may be used for heating, dehumidification, cooling,
and humidification.

Classification of Air Conditioner System

The air conditioning systems are classified in order to distinguish one type from
another. This serves as the base for selecting the best air conditioning system for the
building's needs. There are three subcategories of air conditioners, including:

Classification based on major function:

 Comfort air conditioning e.g. hotels, homes, offices, etc.

 Commercial air conditioning e.g. malls, supermarkets, etc.
 Industrial air-conditioning e.g. processing, laboratories, etc.

Classification based on the season in the year:

 The summer air conditioner is a cooling device that controls all four atmospheric
conditions for the comfort of the summer months.
 The purpose of a winter air conditioner is to provide warmth and comfort during
the cold months.
 Usually, a year-round air conditioner consists of a heating and cooling system
which is controlled automatically, making it able to maintain a comfortable
indoor temperature in any weather condition throughout the year.

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Types of Air Conditioners

The different types of air conditioning systems are listed below:

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#1 Central Air Conditioner

The most popular kind of cooling system is central air conditioning. Due to its effective
cooling, it is most frequently used in larger homes. Cool air is circulated by the air
conditioning system through supply and return ducts.

Supply ducts and registers that are located on the walls or floors provide the air that
enters the home. When the air has warmed up, it returns to the supply registers and
ducts where it is transferred back to the air conditioner.

These types of air conditioning system installation demand careful consideration,

preparation, and planning. The system's functionality depends on its size; if the system
is installed in the incorrect size, even if it is effective, the utility costs will be higher than
they should be.

#2 Ductless or Mini-Split Air Conditioner

Mini-split ductless air conditioners are also popular, but they have been modified with
new components. Both an indoor handling unit and an outdoor compressor/condenser
are present in these systems, just like in central air conditioning.

These types of air conditioning systems allow for up to four indoor handling units,
making them effective at cooling individual rooms. This connects the handling unit to
the outdoor unit. Furthermore, each handling unit has its own thermostat, allowing it to
operate at different temperatures.

#3 Window Air Conditioner

A window air conditioner is a small system that works well for cooling a single room.
The system is installed in a window and is also referred to as a unitary unit.

When the air conditioning system is in operation, warm air is blown out the back while
cool air is blown out the front. It's ideal for people who live in small rooms but isn't
ideal for larger homes because it doesn't effectively cool in those conditions.

#4 Portable Air Conditioner

In this unit, the air is taken from the room and cooled, then it is sent back. Also, it vents
warm air outside through an exhaust hose that is mounted in a window. These kinds of
systems are made to cool just one room, just like window air conditioners.

They are cost-effective, adaptable, and simple to install. Because of its portability, it is
even more ideal.

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#5 Geothermal Heating and Cooling

Geothermal energy is durable, energy-efficient, and sustainable. It is possible to

perform these cooling and heating processes because the ground temperature is always
55 degrees. No matter how warm or cold the weather is, it remains constant.

Utilizing geothermal technology, heat is drawn from the earth and used inside the
home. A geothermal coil (loops or wells) is installed deep into the ground, which cools
and heats the house and then returns it to the earth.

#6 Hybrid Air Conditioning

Hybrid air conditioners have heat pumps that can be powered by electricity or fossil
fuel combustion. Manufacturers choose an appropriate energy source with care in order
to save money and energy.

The system operates normally in the summer, drawing heat from the inside and
distributing it outside. In the winter, it works in reverse, drawing heat from the outside
and discharging it into the house.

The hybrid pump system operates in accordance with the second law of
thermodynamics, which states that heat is transferred from a hot to a cold object.

As a result, when the refrigerant temperature falls below the outside temperature, heat
from the outside environment is transferred to the system heat pump coils and into the
refrigerant. As a result of the extracted heat, the air in the room is warm and
conditioned.

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Advantages of Air Conditioning System

Air conditioning provides health benefits in addition to comfort. Let's take a look at
why air conditioning is good for you.

#1 Reduces the Possibility Of an Asthma Attack

Most people are unaware that air conditioning helps filter and disinfect the air we
breathe and can even reduce asthma attacks.

An air conditioner can reduce the amount of pollen, mildew, mold, dust mites, and
other airborne allergens that can cause asthma.

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Exposure to mold is one of the primary factors that is linked to allergic reactions,
asthma symptoms, and other respiratory complications. Your AC filters need to be
changed more frequently, at least once every two weeks.

#2 It Saves Life

According to the Environmental Protection Agency's most recent studies, more than
9,000 Americans per year pass away from heat-related causes. Heat is a factor in many
more deaths, though it is not the primary cause.

With an effective air conditioner, illnesses and even deaths brought on by the heat can
be avoided in homes and workplaces. Your air conditioner really could save your life!

#3 Better Air Quality

Another reason to relax is to install air conditioning. Because of poor ventilation and
overheating, the indoor air can become contaminated with dust and bacteria,
threatening your health.

Coughs, colds, headaches, and fatigue are all possible symptoms. Air conditioners can
greatly enhance indoor air quality and promote a much healthier environment. This is
due to the fact that they have the ability to flitter out pollen, dust, and other
environmental allergens.

#4 Controls Humidity

When humidity levels are high, hot summer days become uncomfortable. High
humidity is nothing new to Australians, but it is having a negative impact on their
health. A humidity of between 30% and 50% is ideal.

While there is little you can do about outdoor humidity, an air conditioner can
significantly lower indoor humidity. It is nearly impossible to use fans in hot and
humid weather, even lying semi-naked is not effective.

Either you can spend your money on a dehumidifier or you can choose an air
conditioner that has more advantages.

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More
#5 Improves Sleep

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This advantage of an air conditioner is crucial because sleep is crucial to both your
physical and mental health. Due to the summer's heat, it can be difficult to sleep, which
can lead to a number of health issues. It has been established that an air conditioner can
improve your ability to sleep.

It's because your body needs to cool down before going to sleep because the heat in the
room raises your core temperature. Here, an air conditioner can offer the perfect
temperature for your body to cool off.

#6 Prevents Your Devices from Overheating

Your electrical appliances are also likely to suffer greatly from the heat and are also at
risk for overheating, in addition to the effects on the human body and mind.

Heat can damage a variety of appliances, including toasters, microwaves, and cell
phones. By choosing air conditioning services, you will be able to maintain not only
your health but also the condition of your electrical equipment.

#7 Reduces Insects and Parasites

People are searching for any method, device, or magic spell to stop mosquito bites,
invasions, and house flies. Few people are aware of this, but your air conditioning
lowers the number of bugs and parasites. These troublesome creatures are not only a
nuisance to deal with, but they also carry diseases.

Disadvantages of Air Conditioning System

Despite the fact that air conditioning has many advantages, there are some drawbacks
as well.

#1 High Energy Bill

The average household uses 40% of its energy for heating and cooling. The cost of
energy will undoubtedly rise as an air conditioner uses electricity to keep a comfortable
temperature. You can purchase an energy-efficient air conditioner.

#2 Causes Skin Dryness

Since the air conditioning system removes humidity from the air, if you spend a lot of
time in one, your skin will start to lose moisture.

It might make your skin sensitive and dry. It may cause skin irritation and mucous
membrane dryness. Whenever you start to experience these issues, use moisturizer.

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#3 Negative Environmental Impacts

Although air conditioners make our lives more comfortable, it is unfortunate that they
also pollute the environment and release harmful gases. A few studies predict that by
2050, air conditioning will contribute to about 25% of global warming.

#4 Increases Flu, Cold, And Sinus Symptoms

The symptoms of a common cold or flu, such as a sore throat, fever, nasal congestion,
and cough, can be made worse by the air conditioning system. It is because an air
conditioner blows dry air into the space that dries out membranes and causes throat
irritation.

#5 Respiratory Complications

The benefits of having an air conditioner are undeniable, as it reduces the number of
allergens in the air. But over time, the AC filter becomes clogged and dirty.

If the filter isn't cleaned at least once every two weeks, it can spread dangerous dust and
other particles and result in breathing issues. It is crucial to realize that by routinely
cleaning the filters, the majority of health risks related to using an air conditioner can be
minimized.

Conclusion
That’s it. Thanks for reading. I hope I have covered everything about the “Uses of
Aluminium” It would be helpful if you could let me know if there was anything I
missed or if you have any doubts about anything I wrote.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How does an air conditioning system work?

Through the conversion of liquid refrigerant into gas in the evaporator coil, heat from
the indoor air is absorbed into the refrigerant, which cools the air as it passes over the
coil. The cold air is then circulated back through the ductwork of the house and into the
various living areas by the blower fan of the indoor unit.

What are the components of an air conditioning system?

A typical air conditioner consists of four main components: the evaporator coil, the
compressor, the condenser coil, and the expansion valve. Every part of your central air
conditioner contributes in a different way to the comfort of cooling your home.

What are the factors to consider when selecting an air conditioning system for a
specific application?

When selecting an AC system, there are 4 key considerations to make: efficiency & cost,
comfort & practicality, taking control of your AC system, and reliability.

What maintenance is required for an air conditioning system?

Every month or during the cooling season, clean or replace the filter(s) in your air
conditioning system. If your air conditioner is constantly used or is subject to dusty
conditions, or if you have pets with fur, filters will need more frequent replacement.

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