Unit-4

Community mobilization
For one mark
1) From which word is the term "community" derived?
Ans- The word "community" is derived from the Latin word communitas.

2) What is community mobilization?

Ans- Community mobilization is the process of engaging and organizing community members to take
collective action.

3) Who are the primary stakeholders in community mobilization?

Ans- The primary stakeholders in community mobilization include community members, local leaders,
government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other local organizations.

4) What is Brainstorming?
Ans-Brainstorming is a group talk to come up with ideas or solve problems together.

5) What is Stakeholders Mapping?

Ans- Stakeholder mapping is the process of identifying the key people involved in a project and
understanding their roles and interests.

6) Who is the Father of Stakeholders theory?

Ans- The father of stakeholder theory is R. Edward Freeman.

7) Which are the areas, the community mobilization committee is working?

Ans- Community mobilization committees focus on improving health, education, the economy, the
environment, and disaster readiness in their communities.
8) Who proposed social ecological model?
Ans- The social ecological model was proposed by Urie Bronfenbrenner, an American psychologist.

9) What is Social Ecological Model(SEM)?

Ans- The social ecological model looks at health in a broad way and considers different factors, like
individual choices, relationships, communities, and society, that can affect health.

10) What is autonomy?

Ans- Autonomy means having a sense of self, the ability to make your own choices, and control over your
actions and environment.

11) Mention one key component of Community Mobilization

Ans- Leadership is one key component of mobilization.

12) Give one example of Community stakeholders

Ans- Local Government official.

13) What is the first step of stakeholders mapping?

Ans- The first step in stakeholder mapping is identifying the stakeholders.

14) Give one example of Community mobilization.

Ans-organizing a local clean-up drive.

15) What is Youth-adult Partnership?

Ans- Youth-adult partnership is a collaborative relationship where both youth and adults work together,
sharing decision-making, resources, and responsibilities to achieve common goals.

16) How many phases are involved in mapping?

Ans- Four phases are involved in mapping.

17) Mention any one role of stakeholders in community Project.

Ans- Support Project Goals: Stakeholders use their experience to help the project reach its main objectives.
18) Mention any two benefits of community mobilization.
Ans- i)It promotes a more active and informed citizenry.
ii) It ensures local ownership of development initiatives.

19) What Is the Full Form of SEM?

Ans- The full form of SEM is Social Ecological Model.

20) Why is community participation important?

Ans- Community participation is important because It ensures that development efforts meet local needs
and are more sustainable.

21) What is local ownership in community mobilization?

Ans- Local ownership means the community takes responsibility for the success and maintenance of the
project.

22) What challenges can arise in community mobilization?

Ans- Lack of participation, resistance to change, and limited resources.

23) What role do leaders play in community mobilization?

Ans- Leaders guide and inspire community members to participate and take action.

24) How can community mobilization address social inequalities?

Ans- Community mobilization empowers marginalized groups and ensures their voices are heard.

25) What tools are commonly used in community mobilization efforts?

Ans- Workshops, meetings, surveys, and social media.

26) What are the common barriers to successful community mobilization?

Ans- Lack of resources, leadership, or community interest.
 For two marks
1) What are Community Stakeholders?
Ans- Community stakeholders are individuals, groups, or organizations with an interest or stake in the
development, wellbeing, and outcomes of a particular community. They play crucial roles in influencing,
supporting, or being affected by projects, initiatives, or policies implemented within that community.For
example Local Residents, Community Leaders and Influencers, Government officials etc.

2) Mention Two main phases of Stakeholders mapping?

Ans- Stakeholder mapping has two main phases are :
i). Identify Stakeholders: Find out who is involved or affected by the project and their roles.
ii). Analyze and Prioritize: Check their level of interest and influence to decide how to engage with them.

3) What is a Youth- Adult Partnership?

Ans- Youth-Adult Partnership is when young people and adults work together equally to achieve a goal.
They share ideas, make decisions together, and respect each other's opinions. Both bring their strengths
youth bring energy and new ideas, while adults bring experience and guidance.

4) Mention two benefits of youth adult partnership?

Ans- i) Shared Learning: Youth and adults learn from each other's ideas, experiences, and skills, leading to
better teamwork and creativity.
ii)Stronger Communities: Working together builds trust and creates positive changes in the community by
combining energy and experience.

5) Mention two benefits of Stakeholders mapping?

Ans- Following are the benefits of stakeholder mapping:
i). Improved Communication and Collaboration: It helps identify key stakeholders and their interests,
ensuring effective communication with the right groups or individuals.
ii). Enhanced Decision-Making: It provides clarity on stakeholder influence and importance, aiding in
prioritizing actions and allocating resources effectively.

6) What are the main two 2 types of stakeholders?

Ans- i) Internal Stakeholders:
These are individuals or groups within an organization who are directly involved or affected by its
operations. For example Employees, Managers, Owners/shareholders.
ii)External Stakeholders:
These are individuals or groups outside the organization who are indirectly affected by its activities.For
example Customers,Suppliers, Government regulators.

7) Mention any Two key steps of Community Mobilization?

Ans- i) Identifying Needs: Understanding what the community needs through discussions and surveys.
ii) Building Leadership: Encouraging local leaders to take charge and involve others in the process.

8) Mention any two key principles of Community Mobilization?

Ans- Two key principles of community mobilization are:
i) Participation: Involving community members in decision-making and activities.
ii) Sustainability: Ensuring that the efforts lead to long-term benefits and self-reliance for the community.

9) Mention any two elements of community mobilization ?

Ans- Two key elements of a community mobilization are:
i)Awareness Building: Educating and informing community members about issues and opportunities for
change.
ii). Participation: Encouraging active involvement of community members in planning and implementing
development activities.

10). What are Internal and External Stakeholders?

Ans- Internal stakeholders are individuals or groups within an organization who have a direct interest in
its activities and outcomes, such as employees, managers, shareholders, and the board of directors.
For example -Employees, Managers, Shareholders etc.
External stakeholders are individuals or groups outside the organization who are affected by or have an
interest in its operations and outcomes, such as customers, suppliers, creditors, government agencies, and
community groups.For example -Suppliers, Customers,Government etc.

11) Mention any two barriers for building youth adult partnership?
Ans-Two barriers to building youth-adult partnerships are:
i). Lack of Trust: Youth may feel adults don't value their ideas, and adults may not fully trust youth input.
ii). Poor Communication: Differences in how youth and adults communicate can lead to misunderstandings.
12) Mention any two challenges of community mobilization?
Ans- Two challenges of community mobilization are:
i). Lack of Trust: People may not trust the organizers, making it hard to work together.
ii). Cultural Differences: Different beliefs and customs can cause resistance to change or unity.

13)Mention any two process of community mobilization?

Ans- Two processes of community mobilization are:
i). Needs Assessment: Identifying and understanding the needs, issues, and resources of the community
through surveys, discussions, and data collection.
ii). Capacity Building: Strengthening the skills, knowledge, and abilities of community members to empower
them to take action and lead efforts for change.

14) How can NSS volunteers work effectively with youth adults partnership?
Ans-NSS volunteers can work effectively with youth-adult partnerships by fostering mutual respect and
open communication. They should involve young adults in decision-making, provide mentorship, and
encourage active participation in community projects. This collaborative approach helps bridge
generational gaps, promotes leadership skills, and empowers youth to take ownership of initiatives, fostering
a sense of responsibility and teamwork.

15) How does community mobilization promote sustainability?

Ans- Community mobilization helps promote sustainability by involving local people in taking care of their
own environment and resources. When communities are part of the decision-making process, they feel
responsible for the success of projects and are more likely to continue the efforts even after outside help
ends. It also encourages people to share resources, work together, and find solutions that work for their
specific needs. This teamwork builds awareness and skills, making the community stronger and more
capable of maintaining long-term sustainable practices.

16) Why is Community Participation important?

Ans- There are some important reasons for community participation given below-
i)Empowering communities: Allowing communities to actively participate in decisions gives them a sense of
ownership, which empowers them to take control of their future.
ii). Building trust: When communities are involved in decision-making, it fosters a relationship based on
trust and collaboration with public organizations.
iii). Improving decision-making: Community participation brings diverse perspectives and local knowledge,
leading to more informed and contextually relevant decisions.

For Five marks

1. What is Community Mobilization? Explain the steps of Community mobilization.
Ans- Community Mobilization is a process that engages and empowers community members to address
common problems or goals collectively. It involves bringing people together to take action on issues that
affect their lives, ensuring participation, ownership, and sustainable solutions. This approach is often used
in development, health, education, and social initiatives to bring lasting positive change.

Steps of Community Mobilization :

i). Identify the Problem or Goal: Understand the key issues or objectives affecting the community, such as
health, education, or infrastructure.
ii). Engage Stakeholders: Involve influential people like local leaders, NGOs, government representatives,
and active community members to gain support.
iii). Understand the Community: Study the community’s culture, needs, and available resources to design
relevant solutions.
iv). Form a Core Group: Create a team of motivated individuals to lead the mobilization process and manage
activities.
v). Raise Awareness: Use simple and effective communication methods like meetings, posters, or
door-to-door campaigns to inform and involve people.
vi). Develop an Action Plan: Create a realistic and time-bound plan, clearly defining roles, responsibilities,
and resources needed.
vii). Mobilize Resources: Gather financial, human, and material resources from the community or external
organizations to support activities.
viii). Implement the Plan: Work together to carry out planned activities, ensuring maximum participation
from community members.
ix). Monitor Progress: Regularly evaluate the success of activities, collect feedback, and make adjustments
if needed.
x). Ensure Sustainability: Train local leaders and create partnerships to ensure the initiative continues in
the long term.

2) What is Youth - Adult Partnership? What are the benefits of Youth- Adult partnership ?
Ans- Youth-Adult Partnership is a collaborative relationship between young people and adults where both
groups share decision-making responsibilities, respect, and power equally. It recognizes the unique skills,
perspectives, and strengths of both youth and adults, creating a platform for mutual learning and effective
collaboration. YAP is commonly applied in areas like community development, education, and organizational
leadership to foster youth engagement and empowerment while ensuring adults provide mentorship and
guidance.
Benefits of Youth-adult Partnership :
i). Learning from Each Other
Youth bring new ideas, and adults share their experience, helping both grow and learn.
ii). Building Leadership
Youth gain confidence and learn to lead, while adults guide and support them.
iii). Better Decisions
Working together leads to smarter and more inclusive decisions.
iv). Skill Development
Youth learn teamwork and problem-solving, and adults pick up fresh ideas and modern skills.
v). Community Involvement
Both youth and adults get more involved in helping their communities.
vi). Respect Between Generations
Partnerships create trust and understanding between young people and adults.
vii). Long-Term Impact
Together, they make projects more successful and sustainable for the future.

3) What are the benefits and challenges of Community Mobilization?

Ans- Following are the benefits of community mobilization:
i). Empowerment: Community mobilization empowers individuals and groups by providing them with the
skills and confidence to take action on issues that affect their lives.
ii). Ownership and Sustainability: When communities are actively involved in projects, they are more likely
to take ownership, ensuring the sustainability of initiatives.
iii). Improved Social Cohesion: Mobilization fosters a sense of community solidarity and collective action,
helping to strengthen social bonds among members.
iv). Resource Mobilization: It helps in pooling local resources, both human and material, to address
common issues effectively, reducing dependency on external aid.
v). Capacity Building: It enhances the capabilities of individuals and groups, helping them develop
leadership, advocacy, and problem-solving skills.

Challenges of Community Mobilization:

i). Resistance to Change: Communities may resist new ideas or initiatives, especially if they conflict with
traditional practices or values.
ii). Lack of Resources: Mobilization efforts may struggle due to insufficient financial, human, or material
resources to carry out plans effectively.
iii). Conflicting Interests: Different groups within the community may have conflicting priorities, making it
difficult to build consensus or achieve collective goals.
iv). Limited Capacity: Some communities may lack the necessary skills or knowledge to effectively mobilize or
manage initiatives, limiting the impact of mobilization efforts.
v). External Factors: Political, economic, or social instability can undermine community mobilization efforts,
making it difficult to sustain momentum or achieve desired outcomes.

4) What is the mapping of community stakeholders? What are the steps of mapping stakeholders ?
Ans-Stakeholder mapping is the process of identifying and understanding the people, groups, or
organizations that are affected by or have an interest in a project. It helps you figure out who can
influence the project, who will be affected by it, and how their interests align with the project's goals. The
goal is to manage relationships, address concerns, and make sure the project succeeds by knowing who the
stakeholders are, what they care about, and how they might impact the project. By engaging with
stakeholders effectively, you can ensure better cooperation, reduce risks, and gain support, ultimately
leading to a successful project outcome.

Steps of mapping stakeholders :

i). Identify Stakeholders: List all people, groups, or organizations that are involved or affected by the
project.
ii). Group Stakeholders: Categorize them into primary (directly affected), secondary (indirectly affected),
and key stakeholders (those with significant influence).
iii). Understand Their Interests: Find out what each stakeholder cares about or expects from the project.
iv). Prioritize Stakeholders: Rank stakeholders based on their level of influence and interest in the project.
v). Create a Communication Plan: Develop strategies for engaging each group based on their needs and
preferences.
vi). Document and Update: Keep an updated list or map of stakeholders and their details throughout the
project.
vii). Monitor and Review: Regularly check stakeholder engagement and adjust your approach as needed to
ensure continuous involvement.

5) What is the importance of Youth-adult partnership? What are the barriers to building an effective
Youth-adult partnership?
Ans- Youth-adult partnerships are essential for fostering a more inclusive and dynamic society. By actively
engaging young people in decision-making processes, these partnerships empower youth to contribute their
unique perspectives, energy, and ideas. In turn, adults can offer guidance, experience, and wisdom, creating
a balanced environment where both generations learn from each other. This collaboration strengthens
community bonds, nurtures trust, and promotes shared responsibility, leading to more effective
problem-solving and innovative solutions. Youth-adult partnerships also help bridge generational gaps,
fostering social change, and encouraging active civic participation among young people.

Barriers to Building Effective Youth-Adult Partnerships:

i). Generational Gaps: Different communication styles and life experiences between youth and adults can
lead to misunderstandings, with adults underestimating the ideas of youth or vice versa, making
collaboration difficult.
ii). Power Imbalances: Adults often hold authority, which can lead to a one-sided decision-making process
where youth feel excluded or hesitant to contribute their ideas.
iii). Lack of Trust: Without mutual trust, youth may feel their opinions are disregarded, and adults may
doubt the capabilities of young people, resulting in ineffective collaboration.
iv). Cultural Norms: In some cultures, young people are expected to defer to adults, which can limit their
willingness to engage in partnership discussions or undermine their ability to contribute equally.
v). Limited Resources: Youth often lack access to the resources (funding, training, mentorship) needed to
engage meaningfully in partnerships, which can lead to frustration and diminished impact.

6) Write a note on the Power Matrix in community mobilization.

Ans-The Power Matrix in community mobilization is a valuable tool for understanding how different people
or groups in a community hold power or influence. It helps identify who makes important decisions, who
can influence others, who supports the decisions, and who opposes them. For example, in a rural village,
local government officials might be the decision-makers, while community leaders, like elders or teachers,
could be the influencers. The general public, such as women’s groups or youth clubs, would be the
supporters, and people who resist change might be the opponents. By understanding the Power Matrix,
community mobilizers can strategically engage with key players, resolve conflicts, and create solutions that
take into account everyone’s needs and interests. It also helps in identifying potential allies and sources of
opposition, ensuring that no one feels left out or ignored. This approach fosters better communication,
trust, and cooperation, making community development efforts more inclusive, effective, and sustainable.
When mobilizers work with the right people and take all perspectives into account, they increase the
chances of successful and lasting change in the community.

7) Write a note on Power and Interest Matrix.

Ans- The Power/Interest Matrix in community mobilization is a tool that helps understand how different
people or groups in a community should be involved in a project based on their power and interest. It
divides people into four categories. First, there are those with high power and high interest—these are the
key players who have both influence and a strong interest in the project, like local leaders or government
officials. Then, there are people with high power but low interest—they have the power to affect the project
but may not be very interested in the details, like senior officials or funders. Next are those with low power
but high interest—these people care about the project but don’t have much influence, such as community
members or local groups. Finally, there are people with low power and low interest—these individuals are
less involved, and while it’s important to keep them informed, they don’t need much attention. By using this
matrix, community mobilizers can plan how to engage each group, ensuring that the right people are kept
involved and informed at the right level for the project’s success.
8) What strategies can be implemented to overcome the barriers in building effective Youth-Adult
Partnerships?
Ans- Following are some strategies to overcome common barriers:

i). Open Communication: Create a space where both youth and adults can share their thoughts, ideas, and
concerns freely. This helps build trust and understanding.
ii). Mutual Respect: Both youth and adults should respect each other's experiences and knowledge. Adults
can learn from the fresh perspectives of youth, and youth can gain wisdom from adults.
iii). Active Listening: Encourage everyone to listen carefully to each other. This makes everyone feel valued
and ensures that all voices are heard.
iv). Shared Goals: Make sure both youth and adults work towards the same objectives. When both groups
understand the purpose, it becomes easier to collaborate.
v). Training and Support: Provide training for both youth and adults to understand how to work together
effectively. This can include leadership skills, teamwork, and conflict resolution.
vi). Equal Involvement: Ensure that youth are not just involved as participants but as equal partners in
decision-making. This helps build ownership and commitment.
vii). Encourage Flexibility: Be open to adjusting plans and approaches based on the ideas and feedback
from both youth and adults.
viii). Celebrate Achievements: Recognize and celebrate the successes of the partnership, big or small, to
keep everyone motivated and engaged.

9) What are the guiding principles for the mobilizing community?

Ans- Following are some simple guiding principles for mobilizing a community:
i). Build Trust: Establish trust with community members by being honest, respectful, and reliable. Show
that you care about their needs and goals.
ii). Engage Locally: Involve people from the community in the process. Understand their issues and get their
input on solutions. This makes them feel valued.
iii). Clear Communication: Share your ideas and plans clearly, using language and methods that everyone
understands. Ensure that people know how they can be part of the process.
iv). Empower Individuals: Encourage people to take leadership roles. This helps them feel more involved and
invested in the community’s growth.
v). Build Partnerships: Collaborate with local groups, organizations, and leaders. Strong partnerships can
create more resources and support for the community.
vi). Create Shared Goals: Ensure everyone in the community works towards common goals. This helps build
unity and focus.
vii). Respect Diversity: Recognize and respect the different cultures, backgrounds, and opinions within the
community. Inclusion makes everyone feel welcome.
viii). Be Patient and Consistent: Community mobilization takes time. Be patient and stay consistent in
your efforts, even when results are not immediate.