Chapter 6 Bio Past P Alt To Practical

IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Biology 38 mins 2 questions
Alternative to Practical Questions
Photosynthesis &
Leaf Structure
Photosynthesis / Chlorophyll / Use & Storage of Carbohydrates / Minerals in Plants
/ Investigating the Need for Chlorophyll, Light & Carbon Dioxide / Investigating the
Rate of Photosynthesis / Investigating Gas Exchange / Photosynthesis Chemical
Equation / Limiting Factors / Leaf Structure / Identifying Leaf Structures in a
Dicotyledonous Plant
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Total Marks /38
© 2024 Save My Exams, Ltd. Get more and ace your exams at savemyexams.com 1
1 (a) Fig. 1 is a photomicrograph of a cross-section of part of a leaf.
Fig. 1
(i)
Draw a large diagram to show the layers present in the leaf section shown in Fig.1.
Do not draw any cells.
[3]
(ii)
Measure the thickness of the leaf along the line AB on Fig.1.
Calculate the actual thickness of the leaf using your measurement and the formula.
Include the units.
length of line AB on Fig.1

magnification =
actual thickness of leaf
[3]
(iii)
Fig. 2 shows a photomicrograph of cells from one type of tissue found in leaves.
Fig. 2
Label the layer on your drawing, with the letter X, to show where this type of tissue is
found.
[1]
(7 marks)
(b) Scientists carried out an investigation into the effect of light on the growth of leaves.
Plants of the same species (A) were grown in three different light intensities.
The plants were grown in the same soil and kept in glasshouses with automatic watering.
A sample of 100 leaves was selected at random and collected from plants in each of the
three different light intensities. A total of 300 leaves were collected.
The scientists studied the variations in the size and structure of the leaves in each
sample.
(i)
Suggest why the scientists used large samples of leaves.
[1]
(ii)
Suggest why the leaves in each light intensity were selected at random.
[1]
(iii)
A grid, divided into millimetre squares, was used to measure the surface area of the
leaves.
Outline how the grid could have been used.
[2]
(iv)
State the variable that was changed (independent variable) in this investigation.
[1]
(5 marks)
(c) The scientists collected data from one other plant species (B).
Table 1 shows the results.
Table 1
Light intensity / arbitrary units Average leaf area / mm2
Species A Species B
100 3600 2800
50 3900 3400
10 6500 2900
(i)
Calculate the percentage difference in the average leaf area for species A from a light
intensity of 50 arbitrary units to 10 arbitrary units.
Show your working and give your answer as a percentage to the nearest whole number.
[2]
(ii)
Plot a bar chart on the grid to show the average leaf area for species A and B, at each
light intensity.
[4]
(iii)
Describe the trends shown in your graph for species A and species B.
[2]
(iv)
The scientists want to determine more precisely the light intensity that results in the
largest leaf area for species B.
Suggest how the method used in the investigation could be modified to achieve this.
[1]
(9 marks)
2 (a) A student investigated the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
1. They placed a 10 cm piece of Elodea pondweed in a beaker of water placed 10 cm

away from a lamp.
2. A glass tank with water was placed between the lamp and the beaker containing the
pondweed.
3. The pondweed was left for 5 minutes before the number of bubbles were counted
and recorded over a period of 2 minutes.
4. A thermometer was used to monitor the temperature throughout the experiment.
5. Step 3 was repeated when the lamp was placed at different distances from the
pondweed.
6. The experiment was repeated once more.
Fig. 1 shows the experimental setup.
Fig. 1
Fig. 2 shows the results for the two repeats that the student wrote in their notebook.
Fig. 2
(i)
Prepare a suitable results table to present the data.
Your table should include:
Distance from the lamp
The rate of photosynthesis in bubbles min-1
[4]
(ii)
State a conclusion for the results.
[1]
(5 marks)
(b) Calculate the difference in the mean rate of photosynthesis when the lamp was moved
from a distance of 10 cm to 50 cm away from the pondweed.
(2 marks)
(c) (i)
State the independent variable for this investigation.
[1]
(ii)
State two variables that should be kept constant in this investigation.
[2]
(iii)
Suggest an improvement for determining the rate of photosynthesis in this investigation.
[1]
(4 marks)
(d) Describe how this experiment could be adapted to investigate the effect of carbon
dioxide on the rate of photosynthesis.
(6 marks)

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IGCSE Cambridge (CIE) Biology 38 mins 2 questions

Alternative to Practical Questions

Scan here to return to the course

Total Marks /38

Do not draw any cells.

Measure the thickness of the leaf along the line AB on Fig.1.

Include the units.

length of line AB on Fig.1

Suggest why the scientists used large samples of leaves.

Outline how the grid could have been used.

Table 1 shows the results.

Light intensity / arbitrary units Average leaf area / mm2

100 3600 2800

1. They placed a 10 cm piece of Elodea pondweed in a beaker of water placed 10 cm

4. A thermometer was used to monitor the temperature throughout the experiment.

6. The experiment was repeated once more.

Fig. 1 shows the experimental setup.

Prepare a suitable results table to present the data.

Your table should include:

Distance from the lamp

The rate of photosynthesis in bubbles min-1

State a conclusion for the results.

State the independent variable for this investigation.

State two variables that should be kept constant in this investigation.

Suggest an improvement for determining the rate of photosynthesis in this investigation.

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