Bio 2

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A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is ________.

A) a somatic cell of a male


B) a zygote
C) a somatic cell of a female
D) a sperm cell
E) an ovum
ANSWER: D

A new potato can grow from another potato. This is an example of__________.
A) sexual reproduction
B) good gardening
C) asexual reproduction
ANSWER: C

Asexual Reproduction is:


A) when a new organism is produced from one organism.
B) when a new organism is produced from two organisms
C) when the chromosomes are copied
ANSWER: A

Cell division is important because:


A) dead or injured cells need to be replaced
B) you need more cells to grow
C) all of the above
ANSWER: C

Cell structures made of individual microtubule fibers that are involved in moving
chromosomes during cell division are called _____.
A) centrioles
B) fertilizers
C) spindles
D) chromatids
ANSWER: C

Chromosomes are ____.


A) genetic material
B) in all living organisms
C) condensed chromatin
D) all of the above
ANSWER: D

During which phase of mitosis do spindle fibers pull the chromosomes to opposite
poles of the cell?
A) telophase
B) metaphase
C) anaphase
D) prophase
ANSWER: C

During which phase of mitosis would you expect to see chromosomes consisting of two
chromatids within the nucleus?
A) telophase
B) metaphase
C) anaphase
D) prophase
ANSWER: B

Gametes are produced by the process of ______.


A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Crossing-over
D) Replication
ANSWER: B

Gametes have _______.


A) Homologous chromosomes
B) Twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells
C) Two sets of chromosomes
D) One allele for each gene
ANSWER: D

In mitosis, one cell becomes:


A) 2
B) 4
C) 46
ANSWER: A

Meiosis helps reproduction of cells by:


A) dividing the spindle fibers.
B) producing sex cells with half the amount of chromosomes requireD.
C) keeping the chromosomes in a line.
ANSWER: C

Sister chromatids are ____.


A) dense patches within the nucleus
B) bacterial chromosomes
C) joined strands of duplicated genetic material
D) prokaryotic nuclei
ANSWER: C

The cell cycle:


A) is the same length of time for all cells.
B) is when a cell dies.
C) is different lengths of time for different types of cells.
ANSWER: C

The fertilized egg (zygote) of a human contains how many chromosomes?


A) 1
B) 22
C) 46
D) 23
ANSWER: C

The first three phases of the cell cycle are called ____.
A) mitosis
B) anaphase
C) interphase
D) synthesis phase
ANSWER: C

The four main steps of mitosis are______?


A) the diploid phase , haploid phase , anaphase, and the telophase.
B) the metaphase, prophase, telophase and cytokinesis.
C) the mitotoic phase, interphase, anaphase, and cytokinesis.
D) the prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
ANSWER: D

The period of cell division is called ______.


A) interphase
B) cytokinesis
C) mitosis
D) protoplasm
ANSWER: C

The process during which the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei is
______.
A) fertilization
B) disjunction
C) mitosis
D) meiosis
ANSWER: C

The process where the cytoplasm divides is called ______.


A) anaphase
B) telophase
C) cytokinesis
D) prophase
ANSWER: C

Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of ________.


A) Two genetically identical cells
B) Four genetically different cells
C) Four genetically identical cells
D) Two genetically different cells
ANSWER: B

What event happens during interphase?


A) Centromeres divide.
B) Metabolic processes are carried out by the cell.
C) Spindle fibers start forming.
D) Centrioles begin to show up.
ANSWER: B

What process is occurring in the picture below?


A) Independent assortment
B) Anaphase I of meiosis
C) Crossing-over
D) Replication
ANSWER: C

What sex chromosome conditions determine female gender in humans?


A) two Y chromosomes (YY)
B) The absence of a Y chromosome
C) A single X chromosome, whether or not Y chromosomes are present.
D) A single Y chromosome, whether or not X chromosomes are present.
ANSWER: B

Which cells of the human body are made through the process of meiosis?
A) gametes
B) somatic cells
C) all cells of the body
D) X and Y chromosomes
E) autosomes
ANSWER: A

Pharmaceutical companies create medicines to treat human diseases. Why must these
companies consider the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A) The medicines must only target prokaryotic structures because humans are
eukaryotic.
B) If the medicine destroys/kills structures that both eukaryotes and prokaryotes
have, then humans will be harmed as well as the prokaryotes.
C) Many diseases are caused by bacteria.
D) All of the above
ANSWER: D

An antibiotic is a type of medicine that is used to treat certain diseases that are
caused by bacteria. Doctor Inge uses Antibiotic A to treat athlete’s foot, a
condition caused by a fungus. Three days later, the patient comes back and reports
no change in their condition. What can we conclude about fungi? Why doesn’t the
antibiotic work on the fungus that causes athlete’s foot?
A) Bacteria are prokaryotes. The medicine targets prokaryotes. If the medicine does
not work on fungus, we can conclude that fungus is a eukaryote.
B) The medicine will not work on fungus BECAUSE it only works on prokaryotes.
C) None of the above
D) All of the above
ANSWER: D

Who was the first person to see living cells?


A) Schwann
B) Schleiden
C) Hooke
D) van Leeuwenhoek
ANSWER: D

Who is credited with the development of modern cell theory?


A) Schleiden
B) Schwann
C) Virchow
D) All of these scientists are credited with the development of modern cell theory.
ANSWER: D

This structure serves as the outer boundary of the eukaryotic cell:


A. flagella
B. cytoskeleton
C. cell membrane
D. capsule
ANSWER: C

Tiny structures that carry out cell functions are collectively called:
A. animalcules
B. organelles
C. tissues
D. ribosomes
ANSWER: B

What part of the cell makes proteins?


A. ribosomes
B. mitochondria
C. lysosomes
D. vacuole
ANSWER: A

Where are ribosomes usually located in animal and plant cells?


A. inside the nucleus
B. near the cell membrane
C. on the endoplasmic reticulum
D. inside the vacuole
ANSWER: C

These cells have larger vacuoles:


A. plant
B. animal
C. both plant and animal
ANSWER: A

These cells do not contain chloroplasts:


A. plant
B. animal
C. both plant and animal
ANSWER: B

Which of the following is a TRUE statement about the differences between


prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A) Eukaryotic cells contain a plasma membrane and cytoplasm, but prokaryotic cells
do not.
B) Prokaryotic cells contain a nucleus and eukaryotic cells do not.
C) Prokaryotic cells lack organelles, but eukaryotic cells possess organelles
ANSWER: C

A type of tissue that would make up most of the brain and spinal cord
A) nervous tissue
B) epithelial tissue
C) connective tissue
D) muscular tissue
ANSWER: A

Found in the epidermis and form the lining of internal organs such as intestines.
A) nervous tissue
B) epithelial tissue
C) connective tissue
D) muscular tissue
ANSWER: B

Transport oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste through the body by
travelling through the vessels called arteries and veins.
A) blood
B) bone
C) tendon
D) muscles
ANSWER: A

The organization of cells follows this pattern -


A) cells form organs, tissues, and systems
B) cells form tissues, organs, and systems
C) cells form systems, organs, and tissues
D) cells for organs, systems, and tissues
ANSWER: B

The stomach is an organ which is made up of different tissues. The connective


tissue, in the stomach, is the specialized tissue that enables the stomach to ...
A) hold its shape
B) move the contents around
C) line the walls of the stomach
D) co-ordinate all of the stomach’s activities
ANSWER: A
What would happen if a plant cell didn't have chloroplasts?
A) It wouldn't be able to reproduce.
B) It wouldn't be able to move.
C) It wouldn't be able to make its own nutrients.
D) It wouldn't be able to transport nutrients
ANSWER: C

When does cellular differentiation begin in an organism?


A) after several divisions of the fertilized egg
B) after the first division of the fertilized egg
C) only after the organism has reached puberty
D) prior to the first division of the fertilized egg
ANSWER: A

Which example best shows how different cells have specialized functions?
A) in an octopus, cells divide repeatedly to reform a lost tentacle
B) in a human, the red blood cells lack nuclei and help to transport oxygen
C) in a bacterium, a single cell removes waste products and aids in cell division
D) in a plant, xylem cells transport water, and phloem cells transport food.
ANSWER: D

A colony of bacteria growing on a culture medium is successfully synthesizing an


organic compound. Which procedure would be least likely to have an effect on this
synthesis?
A) adding more subunits of the organic compound to the medium
B) lowering the pH of the medium
C) raising the temperature of the colony from 20°C 30 ° C
D) increasing the number of hormone molecules in the colony
ANSWER: A

Raising the temperature slightly will ________ the rate of reaction


A) increase
B) decrease
C) not change
D) all of the above
ANSWER: A

A cell moves particles from a region of lesser concentration to a region of greater


concentration by ______________.
A) facilitated diffusion
B) osmosis
C) passive transport
D) active transport
ANSWER: D

What is the process that allows CO2 and Glucose to enter the plants cell’s
chloroplast?
A) diffusion
B) osmosis
C) active transport
D) low to high
ANSWER: A

Which of the following is not a type of passive transport?


A) diffusion
B) osmosis
C) endocytosis
D) facilitated diffusion
ANSWER: C

Changing the pH toward the optimal pH will ______________ the rate of reaction
A) increase
B) decrease
C) not change
D) all of the above
ANSWER: A

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