Page 1 of 4 CPP - SANKALP_FL–1-PH-III

CPP
FLUIDS - SHEET: 1(Lecture-1)
LEVEL - I
1. The pressure at the bottom of a tank of water is 3P where P is the atmospheric pressure. If the water is drawn
out till the level of water is lowered by one fifth. Find the pressure at the bottom of the tank
2. A cylinder has a radius r. To what height h should it be filled with water so that the thrust on its walls is equal
to that on its bottom
3. Some liquid is filled in a cylindrical vessel of radius R. Let F1 be the force applied by the liquid on the bottom
of the cylinder. Now the same liquid is poured into a vessel of uniform square crss-section of side R. Let F2 be
the force applied by the liquid on the bottom of this new vessel. Find relationship between F1 and F2

4. The area of cross-section of the wider tube shown in figure is 800 cm2. If a
mass of 12 kg is placed on the massless piston find the difference in heights h
in the level of water in the two tubes

5. A wall of length  supports water to a height H as shown in figure. Choose the

correct statement(s). Take  as the density of water. Find
(a) the force exerted by water on the wall
(b) the point of application of the resultant force H

6. Equal volumes of liquid are poured in the three vessels A, B and C. All the vessels have same base area.
Select the correct alternative(s): (neglecting force due to atmospheric pressure)
(A) The force on the base will be maximum in vessel A
(B) The force on the base will be maximum in vessel C
(C) Net force exerted by liquid in all the three vessel is equal
(D) Net force exerted by liquid in vessel A is maximum
7. If pressure at half the depth of a lake is equal to 2/3 pressure at the bottom of the lake then what is the depth
of the lake
(A) 10 m (B) 20 m (C) 60 m (D) 30 m
8. A uniformly tapering vessel is filled with a liquid of density 900 kg/m3. The force that acts on the base of the
-2
vessel due to the liquid is (g = 10 ms )
(A) 3.6 N
(B) 7.2 N
(C) 9.0 N
(D) 14.4 N

Area 2 10 3 m2

9. A triangular lamina of area A and height h is immersed in a liquid of density  in a vertical plane with its base
on the surface of the liquid. The thrust on the lamina is
1 1 1 2
(A) Ar gh (B) Ar gh (C) Ar gh (D) Ar gh
2 3 6 3
10. Three liquids of densities d, 2d and 3d are mixed in equal proportions of weights. The relative density of the
mixture is
11d 18d 13d 23d
(A) (B) (C) (D)
7 11 9 18
LEVEL - II
1. A U – tube having horizontal arm of length 20 cm, has uniform cross-sectional area = 1cm2. It is filled with
water of volume 60 cc. What volume of a liquid of density 4 g/cc should be poured from one side into the U –
tube so that no water is left in the horizontal arm of the tube?
2. A conical vessel is completely filled with a liquid of density  as shown in the R
figure. Find the force exerted by the liquid on the curved surface

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Page 2 of 4 CPP - SANKALP_FL–1-PH-III
3. A liquid of mass 1 kg is filled in a flask as shown in figure. Find the force exerted
by the flask on the liquid is (g = 10 m/s2)[Neglect atmospheric pressure]:

4. In the figure shown, the heavy cylinder (radius R) resting on a smooth surface
separates two liquids of densities 2 and 3. Find the height ‘h’ for the equilibrium
of cylinder

5. A heavy hollow cone of radius R and height h is placed on a horizontal table surface, with its flat base on the
table. The whole volume inside the cone is filled with water of density . The circular rim of the cone’s base
has a watertight seal with the table’s surface and the top apex of the cone has a small hole. Neglecting
atmospheric pressure find the total upward force exerted by water on the cone

6. A uniform wooden rod of length L and specific gravity S is free to rotate in

vertical plane about the end A. The rod is released from the horizontal position
inside a liquid of specific gravity 1.5S, as shown in the figure. Find the A  B
instantaneous acceleration of the end B

7. Find the force exerted by a liquid of density , on the dam of width b, as shown in b
the figure. Atmospheric pressure is P0.
h

8. When the system shown in the adjoining figure is in equilibrium and the areas m M
of cross section of the small and big pistons are ‘a’ and ‘10a, then what is the
value of m/M?
a 10a

9. The vessel shown in the figure has two sections of area of cross-section A1 and A2.
A1
A liquid of density  fills both the section upto a height h in each. Consider
atmospheric pressure P0 also. Find h
(a) the pressure at the base of vessel B
(b) the force exerted by the liquid on the base of the vessel.
(c) the downward force exerted by the walls of the vessel at the level B.
h
A2

10. The vessel shown in the figure has two sections. The lower part is a rectangular vessel with area of
cross-section A and height h. The upper part is a conical vessel of height h with base area ‘A’ and top area ‘a’
and the walls of the vessel are inclined at an angle 30° with the vertical. A liquid of density  fills both the
sections upto a height 2h. Neglecting atmospheric pressure.
( A  a)
(A) The force F exerted by the liquid on the base of the vessel is 2hg
2
A
(B) the pressure P at the base of the vessel is 2hg
a
(C) the weight of the liquid W is greater than the force exerted by the liquid on the base
(D) the walls of the vessel exert a downward force (F–W) on the liquid.

11. A light semi cylindrical gate of radius R is piovted at its mid point O, of the diameter as shown
in the figure holding liquid of density . The force F required to prevent the rotation of the gate
is equal to
(A) 2R3g (B) 2gR3l
2 R 2lg
(C) (D) none of these
3

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Page 3 of 4 CPP - SANKALP_FL–1-PH-III
FLUIDS - SHEET: 1(Lecture-1)
ANSWER KEY
LEVEL - I
1. (13/5) P 2. h=r 3. F 1 = F2
4. 15 cm
mg
4. hg 
A

5. (a) F = 12 ρgH2 , (b) above /3 from base

5. The pressure at the base of the dam is gH. The force per unit length of the dam
is equal to the area of the pressure diagram
F 1 1 1
 (gH)H  gH2 or F  gH2  H
 2 2 2
The point of application of the resultant force passes through the centroid of the
H 2
pressure diagram, i.e., at from the base or H from the top. gH
3 3
6. B, C
7. (B) Pressure at bottom of the lake = P0 + hr g
h
Pressure at half the depth of a lake = P0 + r g
2
According to given condition
1 2 1 1
= P0 + hr g = (P0 + hr g) Þ P0 = hr g
2 3 3 6
5
2P 2 ´ 10
Þ h= 0 = 3 = 20m .
r g 10 ´ 10
8. (B) Force acting on the base
F = P ´ A = hdgA = 0.4 ´ 900 ´ 10 ´ 2 ´ 10- 3 = 7.2N .
9. D
9. Thrust on lamina = pressure at centroid  Area
2hr g 2
= ´ A = Ar gh .
3 3
3m 3m 3´ 6 18
10. (B) r mix = = = d= d.
V1 + V2 + V3 m m m 11 11
+ +
d 2d 3d
LEVEL - II
2R3 g 3
1. 35 cc 2. () 3. 10 N 4. R 5. (2/3)R2hg 6. 3g/4
3 2
7. Consider a differential area of width dy and length b at a depth y from the free surface of liquid. b
dF = (P0 + gy) (bdy)
y
h h
h2 dy
F =  (P0  gy)(bdy) = P0bh + gb
0
2
m 1
8. 
M 10
9. (a) PBase = P0 + g2h P0A1

(b) Force applied by the liquid on the base = (P0 + 2gh)A2

(c) Downward force by the walls of the vessel at level B(NB)
= (P0 + gh) (A2  A1) NB
Alternatively
P0A1 + NB +(A1h + A2h)g = (P0 + 2gh)A2 W = (A1h +A2h)g
NB = P0A2 + 2ghA2  P0A1  A1h1g A2hg
= (P0 + hg) (A2  A1) (P0 + 2gh)(A2)
F.B.D of the liquid volume
11. D 12. D

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Page 4 of 4 CPP - SANKALP_FL–1-PH-III
EXTRA

10. A cylinder of height h = 1 m has a narrow vertical slit along its wall running upto a length  =
40 cm from the bottom. The width of the slit b = 1 mm. The cylinder is filled with water with
the slit closed. Find the force experienced by the vessel immediately after the slit is opened. h


11. A solid objects floats in a liquid lying in a stationary container. The object is in stable equilibrium and it is
partially inside the liquid and partially in air. Regarding this situation choose the correct options(s)
(A) Force exerted by the liquid on the solid object is greater than the weight of the object.
(B) The centre of gravity of the object is below the centre of buoyancy.
(C) Force exerted by the liquid on the bottom of the container is greater than the weight of the liquid.
(D) Force exerted by the liquid on the bottom of the container is equal to the combined weight of the liquid and
the solid object.

14. When an air bubble rises from the bottom of a deep lake to a point just below the water surface, the pressure
of air inside the bubble
(A) is greater than the pressure outside it (B) is less than the pressure outside it
(C) increases as the bubble moves up (D) decreases as the bubble moves up

10. 6.27 N
10. Consider an element of the slit of length dx at a depth x from the top. Velocity of the efflux at x = 2gx
Force on elementary area = rate of change of momentum = (bdxv)v
= bdx(2gx)
h

 F (total force experienced) = 2bg  xdx = bg(2h  )

h
or, F = 6.27 N

11. A, B, C
14. A, D

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