Prestressed Concrete

PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
V I L L A R U Z , H I L A R I O , P A N C H O , D E P E D R O
WHAT IS PRE-STRESSED
CONCRETE?
Defined as concrete that has been
prestressed so that the induced internal
actions counteract the external loading to a
desired degree. Prestressed concrete
members can be placed in one of two
categories: pretensioned or
posttensioned.
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WHAT IS PRESTRESSING?
To understand prestressing see the image below when we apply load on the concrete member the member bends like this:
You can see compression develops on

the top portion and tension develops at
the bottom portion and due to this
elongation at the bottom concrete gets
cracks.
In prestressing the tendons are

stretched along the axis and concrete is
poured.
The upward forces along the length of

the beam counteract the service loads
applied to the member.
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WHAT IS PRESTRESSING?
The counteract
Prestressing removes design limitations

of conventional concrete and permits
the building roofs floors, bridges and
walls with longer unsupported spans.
Because of this ability pre-stressed

concrete is used in school auditoriums
shopping centres, gymnasiums, parking
garages and cafeterias.
It is now commonly used for floor

beams, pile and railway sleepers as well
as structures such as water tanks and
runways.
METHOD OF PRESTRESSING
Pre-tensioning
Post-tensioning
PRETENSIONED CONCRETE
Pretensioned concrete is a type of prestressed
concrete where the steel tendons are stretched
before the concrete is cast. This method is
commonly used for precast concrete elements.
Process:
1. Tensioning - steel tendons are stretched and
anchored at both ends of a casting bed.
2. Concrete Casting - concrete is poured on the
mold
3. Curing - Concrete is cured
4. Release - tendons is released
POSTTENSIONED CONCRETE
Is another method of prestressing concrete where the
steel tendons are tensioned after the concrete has
hardened. This technique offers more flexibility in
design and construction compared to pretensioned
concrete.
Process:
1. Concrete Casting - concrete is poured on the mold
2. Curing - Concrete is cured
3. Tendon Installation - High-strength steel tendons
are inserted into the ducts.
4. Tensioning - The tendons are stretched and
anchored against the concrete member.
5. Grouting - ducts are filled with grout to protect the
tendons from corrosion.
IMPORTANCE OF PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE IN CONSTRUCTION
Prestressed concrete allows for a greater span in structures without

requiring additional support. This minimizes the amount of columns
needed in structures, creating more open and flexible spaces.
Prestressed concrete strengthens structural durability by reducing

cracks and enhancing resilience to heavy loads. It can withstand
vibrations and shocks better than traditional concrete, resulting in
longer-lasting constructions.
Compared to reinforced concrete (RC), prestressing results in lighter

members and longer spans. This greater efficiency leads to lower costs
and higher strength-to-depth ratios.
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CONCRETE USED FOR PRESTRESSED WORK

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The minimum cube strength of 35 N/mm² for post-tensioned and Concrete Mix Design
45 N/mm² for pre-tensioned concrete is a general guideline, the
actual concrete mix design will depend on various factors Typically, high-strength concrete is
including: used for prestressed and post-tensioned
structures. This is because the concrete
Structural requirements: Loads, spans, and other design
must be able to withstand the high tensile
considerations.
forces exerted by the steel tendons.
Environmental conditions: Exposure to aggressive
environments (e.g., marine, industrial) will influence concrete Key characteristics:
durability.
High Density
Economic factors: Material costs and availability. Low permeability
Effective to steel
Construction methods: Casting, precasting, or in-situ
Uniformed
methods.
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CONCRETE USED FOR PRESTRESSED WORK

Shodwe
Example concrete mix proportions for high-strength concrete used in prestressed and post-tensioned structures:
FINE COARSE WATER-CEMENT

GRADE CEMENT
AGGREGATE AGGREGATE RATIO
M40 1 1.5 2.5 0.40-0.45
M50 1 1.3 2.2 0.38-0.42
Ensuring the long-term performance of prestressed and post-tensioned concrete requires careful attention to several
factors. Proper curing, shielding from environmental elements, and sufficient reinforcement coverage are crucial for
durability. To prevent cracking, which can compromise the structure's integrity, meticulous design, detailing, and
construction processes are essential. Moreover, quality control measures must be implemented throughout concrete
production and placement.
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Shodwe
ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

Material Efficiency Fire Resistance
- Reduced consumption of materials such as concrete -Pre-stressed concrete bridges exhibit
and steel. excellent fire resistance and are less
Design Flexibility susceptible to damage from heat.
- Allows for longer beam spans and girders, resulting Load and Shock Resistance
in unobstructed floor space and parking facilities. - Enhanced load and shock resistance
Durability capabilities.
-Offers long-term durability with a decreased risk of Material Strength Utilization
structural issues. -Optimizes the compressive strength of
Corrosion Resistance concrete and the tensile strength of
Reduced possibility of steel corrosion and concrete steel.
deterioration due to crack-free concrete.
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Shodwe
DISADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
Production Standards Labor Skill Requirement

- Requires strict standards in production, - Requires skilled laborers
placement, and compaction of concrete. knowledgeable in prestressing
Expensive Equipment techniques.
- The prestressing process requires complex Economic Limitations
and expensive tensioning equipment and - Considered uneconomical for short
anchoring devices. spans and light load applications.
Quality Control Demands
-Necessitates stringent quality control and
supervision to maintain structural
performance.
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Shodwe
EXAMPLES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PROJECTS
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIAL COLUMNS AND BEAMS

OF BRIDGES STRUCTURES IN BUILDINGS
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Shodwe
EXAMPLES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PROJECTS
STORAGE MARINE
TANKS STRUCTURES
Studio Shodwe
THANK YOU

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PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

You can see compression develops on

In prestressing the tendons are

The upward forces along the length of

Prestressing removes design limitations

Because of this ability pre-stressed

It is now commonly used for floor

Prestressed concrete allows for a greater span in structures without

Prestressed concrete strengthens structural durability by reducing

Compared to reinforced concrete (RC), prestressing results in lighter

CONCRETE USED FOR PRESTRESSED WORK

CONCRETE USED FOR PRESTRESSED WORK

FINE COARSE WATER-CEMENT

M40 1 1.5 2.5 0.40-0.45

M50 1 1.3 2.2 0.38-0.42

ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

DISADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

Production Standards Labor Skill Requirement

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIAL COLUMNS AND BEAMS

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