3 3 Linear Momentum and Its Conservation Z1ez1W4315uCxG4a

A Level CIE Physics 33 mins 33 questions
Multiple Choice Questions
3.3 Linear Momentum

& its Conservation
Conservation of Momentum / Elastic & Inelastic Collisions
Easy (10 questions) /10 Scan here for your answers

or visit savemyexams.com
Medium (13 questions) /13
Hard (10 questions) /10
Total Marks /33
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Easy Questions
1 What is the principle of conservation of momentum?
A. force is equal to the rate of change of momentum
B. momentum is the product of mass and velocity
C. the total momentum of two bodies after collision is equal to their total momentum
before collision
D. the total momentum of a system remains constant provided no external force acts
on it
(1 mark)
2 The graph shows how the momentum of a motorcycle changes with time.
What is the resultant force on the motorcycle?
A. 50 N
B. 500 N
C. 2500 N
D. 5000 N
(1 mark)
3 Two bodies travelling in a straight line collide in a perfectly elastic collision. Which of the
following statements must be correct?
A. the initial speed of one body will be the same as the final speed of the other body
B. the relative speed of approach between the two bodies equals their relative speed
of separation
C. the total momentum is conserved but the total kinetic energy will be reduced
D. one of the bodies will be stationary at one instant
(1 mark)
4 Which row correctly states whether momentum and kinetic energy are conserved in an
inelastic collision in which there are no external forces?
Momentum Kinetic energy
A conserved conserved
B not conserved conserved
C conserved not conserved
D not conserved not conserved
(1 mark)
5 Which quantity has the same base units as momentum?
A. density × volume × velocity
B. density × energy
C. pressure × area
D. weight ÷ area
(1 mark)
6 Which of the following is a statement of the principle of conservation of momentum?
A. in an elastic collision momentum is constant
B. momentum is the product of mass and velocity
C. the force acting on a body is proportional to its rate of change of momentum
D. the momentum of an isolated system is constant
(1 mark)
7 Two similar spheres, each of mass m and travelling with speed v, are moving towards
each other
The spheres have a head-on elastic collision
Which statement is correct?
A. the spheres stick together on impact
B. the total kinetic energy after impact is mv 2
C. the total kinetic energy before impact is zero
D. the total momentum before impact is 2mv

(1 mark)
8 Trolley X, moving along a horizontal frictionless track, collides with a stationary trolley Y.
The two trolleys become attached and move off together.
Which statement about this interaction is correct?
A. some of the kinetic energy of trolley X is changed to momentum in the collision
B. some of the momentum of trolley X is changed to kinetic energy in the collision
C. trolley X loses some of its momentum as heat in the collision
D. trolley X shares its momentum with trolley Y but some of its kinetic energy is lost
(1 mark)
9 A car accelerates from rest. The graph shows the momentum of the car plotted against
time.
What is the meaning of the gradient of the graph at a particular time?
A. the velocity of the car
B. the resultant force on the car
C. the kinetic energy of the car
D. the rate of change of kinetic energy of the car

(1 mark)
10 Which statement about a ball that strikes a tennis racket and rebounds is always
correct?
A. total kinetic energy of the ball is conserved
B. total kinetic energy of the system is conserved
C. total momentum of the ball is conserved
D. total momentum of the system is conserved
(1 mark)
Medium Questions
1 A tennis ball of mass 60 g is struck by a tennis racket. The velocity of the ball changes as
shown
What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the ball?
A. 1.2 × 103 kg m s−1
B. 4.8 × 103 kg m s−1
C. 1.2 kg m s−1
D. 4.8 kg m s−1
(1 mark)
2 Two spheres approach each other along the same straight line. Their speeds are u and
1
u 2 before collision, and v 1 and v 2 after collision, in the directions shown below
Which equation is correct if the collision is perfectly elastic?
A. u1 – u2 = v2 + v1
B. u1 – u2 = v2 – v1
C. u1 + u2 = v2 – v1
D. u1 + u2 = v2 + v1
(1 mark)
3 A lorry of mass 18 tones is travelling at 25.0 m s −1
A car of mass 800 kg is travelling at 40.0 m s −1 towards the lorry.
What is the magnitude of the total momentum?
A. 282 kN s
B. 418 kN s
C. 482 kN s
D. 1222 kN s
(1 mark)
4 The diagram shows the masses and velocities of two trolleys about to collide
After the impact they move off together
What is the total kinetic energy of the trolleys after the collision?
A. 6.0 J
B. 3.7 J
C. 0.35 J
D. 0.02 J
(1 mark)
5 The diagram shows a cannon ball fired from a cannon
The mass of the cannon is 1600 kg and the mass of the cannon ball is 20 kg
The recoil velocity of the cannon is 5 m s−1 horizontally
What is the horizontal velocity of the cannon ball?
A. 100 m s−1
B. 320 m s−1
C. 400 m s−1
D. 8000 m s−1
(1 mark)
6 A ball of mass 2 kg travelling at ½ m s −1 strikes a ball of mass 3 kg travelling at ⅓ m s −1 .

Both balls are moving along the same straight line as shown
After collision, both balls move at the same velocity v
What is the magnitude of the velocity v?
1
A. m s−1
5
2
B. m s−1
5
3
C. m s−1
2
5
D. m s−1
2
(1 mark)
7 A molecule of mass m travelling at speed v hits a wall in a direction perpendicular to the

wall. The collision is elastic.
What are the changes in the momentum and in the kinetic energy of the molecule
caused by the collision?
Change in
Change in kinetic energy
momentum
A 0 0
B mv mv2
C mv2 0
D 2mv 0
(1 mark)
8 A moving object strikes a stationary object. The collision is inelastic. The objects move off
together.
Which row shows the possible values of total momentum and total kinetic energy for the
system before and after the collision?
Total momentum Total momentum Total kinetic Total kinetic

before collision / after collision / kg m energy before energy after
kg m s–1 s–1 collision / J collision / J
A 6 6 90 30
B 6 6 30 90
C 6 2 90 30
D 6 6 90 90
(1 mark)
9 A resultant force of 5 N acts on a body for a time of 4.0 s
Which graph could show the variation with time t of the momentum p of the body?
(1 mark)
10 Two train carriages each of mass 7500 kg roll toward one another on a level track. One is
travelling at 3.00 m s−1 and the other at 1.50 m s−1 as shown.
They collide and join together.
What is the kinetic energy lost during the collision?
A. 4200 J
B. 7500 J
C. 11 250 J
D. 38 000 J
(1 mark)
11 A fully fuelled rocket travels at 13 m s−1. The rocket engines are fired, and all the fuel is
used. The rocket now travels at 16.9 m s−1 in the same direction. The mass of the rocket
without fuel is 1000 kg.
What is the mass of the fuel?
A. 1.3 kg
B. 300 kg
C. 1000 kg
D. 1300 kg
(1 mark)
12 Trolleys A and B have a mass of 5000 kg each. Trolley A travels towards Trolley B. Trolley
B travels at 2 ms−1 in the opposite direction. The trolleys collide and join together with a
combined kinetic energy of 1250 J. What was the velocity of Trolley A before the collision?
A. −1 m s−1
B. 3 m s−1
C. 3.41 m s−1
D. 4 m s−1
(1 mark)
13 Two billiard balls of identical mass collide. The first ball hits the second with a speed of
30 m s−1 at an angle of 45o to the direction that the second ball moves in after the
collision, v. At what speed does the second ball move after the collision?
A. 21.2 m s−1
B. 25.5 m s−1
C. 30 m s−1
D. 38.9 m s−1
(1 mark)
Hard Questions
1 A wooden block is freely supported on brackets at a height of 4.0 m above the ground, as
shown
A bullet of mass 10.0 g is shot vertically upwards into the wooden block of mass 150 g. It
embeds itself in the block. The impact causes the block to rise above its supporting
brackets.
The bullet hits the block with a velocity of 200 m s–1. How far above the ground will the
block be at the maximum height of its path?
A. 8.0 m
B. 10.0 m
C. 12.0 m
D. 14.0 m
(1 mark)
2 Two railway trucks of masses m and 5 m move towards each other in opposite directions
with speeds 3 u and u respectively. These trucks collide and stick together.
What is the speed of the trucks after the collision?
u
A.
6
3u
B.
6
u
C.
3
5u
D.
3
(1 mark)
3 Sand falls vertically on a conveyor belt at a rate of m kg s–1
In order to keep the belt moving at constant speed v, the horizontal force that must be
exerted is equal to
A. mv
B. ½ mv
C. mv2
D. ½ mv2
(1 mark)
4 A stationary body explodes into two components of masses m and 3 m.
The components gain kinetic energies X and Y respectively.
x
What is the value of the ratio ?
y
6
A.
1
3
B.
1
1
C.
3
1
D.
6
(1 mark)
5 A lead pellet of mass 20.0 g is shot horizontally into a stationary wooden block of mass
80.0 g. The pellet hits the block with an impact velocity of 250 m s–1. It embeds itself in
the block and it does not emerge.
After the impact, the block and the pellet continue to move for 8.4 s, how far do they
travel in this time?
A. 175 m
B. 210 m
C. 260 m
D. 525 m
(1 mark)
6 A stationary nucleus has nucleon number A.
The nucleus decays by emitting a proton with speed v to form a new nucleus with speed
u. The new nucleus and the proton move away from one another in opposite directions.
Which equation gives in terms of A and u?
⎛A ⎞
A. v = ⎜⎜ − 1 ⎟⎟ u
⎝ 4 ⎠
B. v = (A − 1) u
C. v = Au
D. v = (A + 1) u
(1 mark)
7 A particle X has speed v and collides with a stationary identical particle Y. The collision is
perfectly elastic.
What are the speed and direction of motion of each of the two particles after the
collision?
X Y
A stationary v to the right
v v
B to the right to the right
2 2
v v
C to the left to the right
2 2
D v to the left stationary
(1 mark)
8 The diagram shows two spherical masses approaching each other head-on at an equal
speed u. One is of mass m and the other of mass 2 m.
Which diagram, showing the situation after the collision, is not consistent with the
principle of conservation of momentum?
(1 mark)
9 An ice-hockey puck slides along a horizontal, frictionless ice-rink surface. It collides

inelastically with a wall at right angles to its path, and then rebounds along its original
path.
Which graph shows the variation with time t of the momentum p of the puck?
(1 mark)
10 A body, initially at rest, explodes into two masses M1 and M2 that move apart with speeds
v1 and v2 respectively.
v1
What is the ratio ?
v2
M2
A.
M1
M1
B.
M2
M2
C.
M1
M1
D.
M2
(1 mark)

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A Level CIE Physics 33 mins 33 questions

Multiple Choice Questions

3.3 Linear Momentum

Easy (10 questions) /10 Scan here for your answers

Hard (10 questions) /10

Total Marks /33

A. force is equal to the rate of change of momentum

B. momentum is the product of mass and velocity

What is the resultant force on the motorcycle?

D. one of the bodies will be stationary at one instant

Momentum Kinetic energy

B not conserved conserved

C conserved not conserved

D not conserved not conserved

A. density × volume × velocity

6 Which of the following is a statement of the principle of conservation of momentum?

A. in an elastic collision momentum is constant

B. momentum is the product of mass and velocity

C. the force acting on a body is proportional to its rate of change of momentum

D. the momentum of an isolated system is constant

The spheres have a head-on elastic collision

A. the spheres stick together on impact

B. the total kinetic energy after impact is mv 2

C. the total kinetic energy before impact is zero

D. the total momentum before impact is 2mv

Which statement about this interaction is correct?

A. some of the kinetic energy of trolley X is changed to momentum in the collision

B. some of the momentum of trolley X is changed to kinetic energy in the collision

C. trolley X loses some of its momentum as heat in the collision

A. the velocity of the car

B. the resultant force on the car

C. the kinetic energy of the car

D. the rate of change of kinetic energy of the car

A. total kinetic energy of the ball is conserved

B. total kinetic energy of the system is conserved

C. total momentum of the ball is conserved

D. total momentum of the system is conserved

What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the ball?

A. 1.2 × 103 kg m s−1

B. 4.8 × 103 kg m s−1

3 A lorry of mass 18 tones is travelling at 25.0 m s −1

What is the magnitude of the total momentum?

After the impact they move off together

The recoil velocity of the cannon is 5 m s−1 horizontally

What is the horizontal velocity of the cannon ball?

6 A ball of mass 2 kg travelling at ½ m s −1 strikes a ball of mass 3 kg travelling at ⅓ m s −1 .

What is the magnitude of the velocity v?

7 A molecule of mass m travelling at speed v hits a wall in a direction perpendicular to the

Total momentum Total momentum Total kinetic Total kinetic

9 A resultant force of 5 N acts on a body for a time of 4.0 s

They collide and join together.

What is the kinetic energy lost during the collision?

What is the mass of the fuel?

What is the speed of the trucks after the collision?

3 Sand falls vertically on a conveyor belt at a rate of m kg s–1

4 A stationary body explodes into two components of masses m and 3 m.

The components gain kinetic energies X and Y respectively.

6 A stationary nucleus has nucleon number A.

Which equation gives in terms of A and u?