Detailed Lesson Plan in Practical Research 2

prepared by Kim Berlyn Baguhin

Learning Objectives:
At the end of the session, the students will be able to:
 Identify and explain the components of Chapter 1 in a research study.
 Recognize the importance of a well-structured Chapter 1 in establishing a strong
foundation for a research study.
 Demonstrate their understanding of creating the parts of Chapter 1 of a research
paper by actively writing, organizing, and presenting each section.
I. Subject Matter
Topic/ Lesson: Introducing Chapter 1 of the Practical Research 2
Reference: https://tinyurl.com/Practical-Research-2-Chapter-1
Instructional Materials: PowerPoint Presentation, Cards, Laptop
Learning Approach: 4A’s
Strategy: Cooperative Learning
II. Procedure
Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity
A. Preliminary Activities

Good morning everyone!

Let’s start our class with a prayer. A student will lead the prayer
Who can lead the prayer?

Again, good morning class! I am Kim

Berlyn Baguhin and I will be your Good morning, miss Kim.
teacher for Practical Research 2.

Before taking a seat, please check pieces

of trash under your chairs and arrange
your chairs properly.

Now let’s check your attendance. Make

it sure that you are in your respective Checked the attendance using the seat
seats so that you’ll not be marked absent. plan.

Very well, all students are present. Now

give yourself five claps.
Students will clap five times.
Before we start our lesson, let me show
you my classroom rules.
STOP stands for?

Stop what you’re doing and pay attention

to the teacher.
Very good! What about LISTEN? Listen to your teacher carefully.

And lastly LEARN? Learn the lesson being taught.

Last but not the least the WHITE and

PINK paper.

If I hand you a white paper, it's a

warning. If you receive a pink one, you'll
need to write a 500-word essay about
your struggles in life.

Am I understood?
Yes ma’am.
Excellent!

B. Review of the Lesson

Let’s have a short review of the topic we

had last meeting anyone from the class?
(Student raises her hand)

Yes, Ms. Lovely, go ahead.

It’s all about research ma’am.

Yes, very good, who can define

research?

Research is all about finding a solution

to a problem

It’s all about something that we need to

solve.

Very good, thank you for participating

Ms. Lovely and Mr. David. You got that
right. I’m glad you remembered our
lesson last week.

C. Lesson Proper

1. MOTIVATION

So, at this point before we proceed to the

next level may I request everybody to
please listen to what I am going to say.

Let's have our mini game called "Guess

the Action." I'll divide everyone into two
groups, and each group will choose a
representative. The representatives will
play a game called "Grab the Duck." I’ll
say the words head, knees, nose, and
shoulders repeatedly. When I say "grab,"
they need to grab the duck. Then, I’ll
show them a word they need to describe,
and the other members will guess the
action.

Am I understood?
Okay let’s start. Yes ma’am.

Words they need to act.

 Writing
 Study
 Problem
 Question
 Counting (They started guessing)
 Measurement

2. ACTIVITY

Let’s have this another activity called

“cabbage game”. All you have to do is to
pass the ball, the ball consists of
questions and while you are passing the
ball, I’ll play a music and the moment
the music stops if you’re the one who
hold the ball then you need to unwrapped
the paper from the ball and then answer
the question.

Let’s start.

Questions:
 How can research help students
learn faster?
 How can research help prevent
common diseases?
 How does research help in making
smartphones better?
 Why is research important to learn
about poverty?
 How does research help us
understand why people feel sad or (The game started)
happy?
 How can research help people
make better decisions?
 How can research help me build
self-confidence?
 How can research help me make
better decisions in life?
  Have you ever been interested in
someone and looked for ways to
learn more about them?

3. ANALYSIS

Okay very good class!

Did you have fun from those activities?

So, what did you notice class out from Yes, ma’am.
those activity?
It’s all about research.

It’s all about problems and solutions.

Its’s all about how we should solve

Okay very good class! problems.

So, what do you think will be our topic

for today?

Review Related Literature.

Background of the study.

So, for today’s session we will be talking Gathering data.

about the chapter 1 of the research and
all parts of it.

4. PRESENTATION OF
OBJECTIVES

But before that let me show you the

objectives of this topic.

 Identify the components of

Chapter 1 in a research study.
 Recognize the importance of a
well-structured Chapter 1 in
establishing a strong foundation
for a research study.
 Demonstrate their understanding
of creating the parts of Chapter 1
of a research paper by actively
writing, organizing, and presenting
each section.

5. ABSTRACTION

I have a question to ask class.

Why there is a word research?

To discover ma’am.

To solve problems.

Okay, when we say research, it is a To solve our curiosity ma’am.

careful, detailed and systematic study of
a specific problem, concern, or issue to
establish facts.

When can we say that research is

practical?

Performing tests or experiments to gather

data.
Yes, another?
Implementing theoretical concepts in
Class we can say that research is already real-world scenarios.
Practical if there is already actual doing
or using of something rather than
theories and ideas. It involves inquiry
methods and immersion activities in
order to achieve the correct information.

Did you get the gist class what research

is?

At this point we will be talking about the Yes ma’am.

type of research.

Qualitative Research, Quantitative and

mixed-method Research.

What do you mean class if we say

Quantitative research?

Qualitative research is about gathering

non-numerical data, like interviews or
Yes, when we say quantitative research it observations.
deals in numbers, logic, and an objective
stance. Quantitative research focuses on
numeric and unchanging data and
detailed, convergent reasoning rather
than divergent reasoning. Used in
psychology, marketing and political
science.

How about qualitative research class?

refers to research or data that is

Okay very good! qualitative research, descriptive and conceptual, rather than
methods like interviews, focus groups, numerical.
and observations are often used to gather
in-depth insights about people's thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors. This approach
aims to explore the meanings and
patterns behind human experiences,
making it valuable in fields like
sociology, psychology, and
anthropology.

What about the mixed-methods research?

Combines qualitative and quantitative

approaches to provide a more
comprehensive understanding of a
Ok mixed method is combining number research question.
and words. The qualitative and
quantitative. Mixed methods research is
beneficial in fields where the research
questions require understanding both
numerical data and personal experiences.

At this moment since your research is

quantitative let’s focus on quantitative
research.

Let’s talk first the characteristics of

quantitative research.

Kindly read class.

 Objective- impartial, unbiased and

neutral.

 Clearly defined questions (What,

Which, how much)

 Structured research instruments

(surveys, questionnaires, software)

 Numerical data and statistical

treatment (unbiased results)

 Large sample size (represents a (The students started to read)

population)

 Replication (high reliability, stable

and consistent)

 Future outcomes (new concepts

and further studies)

Those are the characteristics of

quantitative research.
Next, we have here kinds of quantitative
research.

Quantitative research can be categorized

into several types, each serving different
purposes. Here are some common kinds:

 Descriptive Research
This type focuses on providing a detailed
account of a population or phenomenon.
It often involves surveys and
observational studies to describe
characteristics without manipulating
variables.

 Correlational Research
This examines the relationship between
two or more variables to see if they are
associated. It does not imply causation,
just that there is a relationship.

 Experimental Research
This involves manipulating one or more
independent variables to observe the
effect on a dependent variable. It
typically includes control groups and
random assignment to establish cause-
and-effect relationships.

 Quasi-Experimental Research
Similar to experimental research but
lacks random assignment. This is often
used in real-world settings where
randomization is not feasible.

 Causal-Comparative Research
This investigates cause-and-effect
relationships by comparing two or more
groups based on pre-existing conditions.

Those are the kinds of quantitative

research class so you have the freedom
to choose what kind of quantitative
research you’re interested to make.

So now let’s proceed to the first part of

the chapter 1 which is the Introduction.

What do you think class you can find in

introduction?

Another?
Very good!
Kindly read class the definition of the The introduction starts by telling us what
introduction. the research is about.

It’s very clear that when we say

introduction, it is the opening of your It introduces the main topic in a general
study. way.

How can a researcher make the

introduction interesting class?

How does giving background The introduction is the opening part of

information help the reader? the research paper and serves to set the
stage for the entire study.

By using examples, highlighting real-

world problems, or starting with
interesting facts.

Very well said! It makes it easier for the reader to follow

the research and understand why it
The purpose of this section is to grab the matters.
reader’s attention, introduce the topic,
and provide a general overview of the
study. It should create interest in the
research and explain why the topic is
significant.

In the introduction, the researcher

presents the broad subject area,
contextualizing the study within it. It
may include general statements about the
field and specific references to the topic
under study.

Example:
If you are studying the effects of social
media on student performance, the
introduction might begin with a general
discussion about the increasing use of
social media and how it affects different
aspects of life.

Let’s proceed to next part and that is?

Kindly read.

Why is it important to include Background of the study.

background information?
The background provides a more
detailed exploration of the problem or
issue that the research will address.

What kinds of things can a researcher

include to show the research is It helps the reader understand where the
important? study fits in, like what’s already been
studied and what still needs to be
explored.

Excellent!
The purpose is to give the reader a clear
understanding of the situation or context
that has led to the need for the research. They can mention statistics, trends, or
It often includes historical background, real-world issues that show why the topic
previous research, or trends that needs more study.
highlight the importance of the study.

This section typically discusses what is

already known about the topic, what
gaps or problems exist, and why these
issues are significant. It should show
why the research question is worth
investigating.

Am I understood class?

Next, we have the Statement of the

Problem.

This is one of the most crucial parts of Yes ma’am.

Chapter 1, as it precisely defines what
the research seeks to address.

Kindly read!

Why is it important to clearly state the

problem in research?
The statement of the problem is where
the researcher explains exactly what
problem they are trying to solve.
 So that the reader knows what the study
is focusing on and what needs to be
solved or explored.
Very well said!
Here’s an example class. It makes the research more specific, not
just about a general topic but a particular
issue within that topic.
Example Problem Statement: “This study
aims to explore the impact of excessive
social media use on the academic
performance of high school students.”

In this example, what specific problem is

being addressed?

Excellent!
Class you need to remember that the The problem is that high school students
purpose of statement of the problem is to might be spending too much time on
clearly articulate the specific problem or social media, and it could be affecting
issue that the research aims to solve or their grades.
explore. This section sets the direction
for the entire study.

The problem statement should be

specific, focused, and actionable. It must
answer the question: "What is the issue
or gap in knowledge that this research is
intended to address?" This part also
discusses the negative effects of the
problem if left unsolved.

Am I understood?

Any question regarding to this matter?

The next part is Objectives of the Study. Yes ma’am.

The objectives clarify what the None ma’am.

researcher hopes to achieve through the
study. These are usually broken down
into general and specific objectives.
What do you mean by that?

Why does clear objectives important in

research?
 The objectives are what the researcher
wants to achieve by doing the study.
What do you mean by general to specific
goals?
Objectives help guide the study and keep
it focused on what the researcher wants
to find out or solve.
Okay very good!
Here’s an example class. The general objective is the overall goal,
and the specific objectives are the
General Objective: detailed steps to achieve that goal.

“To understand how social media use

affects the academic performance of high
school students.”

Specific Objectives:
 To determine the average amount
of time students, spend on social
media.

 To analyze if there is a
relationship between time spent on
social media and grades.

 To identify what types of social

media usage, have the greatest
impact on academic performance.

See the difference class? Remember that

your objectives should be aligned or link
to your statement of the problem.

Understood?

Next one is Research Questions or

Hypotheses.

Kindy read!
Yes ma’am.

The research questions are the specific Research questions clarify what the
things the study is trying to find out. study will explore, and are often open-
Why are research questions important in ended and Hypotheses make predictions
a study? about what the researcher expects to
find, and they must be testable.
Can you explain the difference more
clearly?
They help the researcher focus on what
exactly they want to answer or explore
during the study.”

The research questions or hypotheses are Research questions are more about
based on the problem statement. They asking, like ‘What is the effect of X on
break the problem down into specific Y?’, while hypotheses are more about
things to investigate. predicting, like ‘If X happens, then Y
will occur.
They come from the problem. If the
problem is broad, the questions focus on
the specific parts that the researcher
wants to look at or predict.

Research Question Example:

How does social media usage impact the
academic performance of high school
students?

Is this a good research question? Why?

Hypothesis Example:
Students who spend more than 3 hours Yes, because it’s clear and specific. It’s
on social media per day will have lower asking about the relationship between
grades than those who spend less time. two things: social media and academic
performance.
What makes this a testable hypothesis?

Very well said! It’s testable because you can measure

Again, Research questions are open- both the time students spend on social
ended (seeking answers), while media and their grades to see if the
hypotheses are predictions that can be prediction is true.
proven or disproven through data.

After the questions we have here the

importance of the study which is the
significance of the study.

This section explains the value or

importance of the research and who will
benefit from it.
Why is it important to explain the
significance of the study?

It shows why the research is worth doing

and how it can make a difference for
people, organizations, or society.
Very good! It highlights the value of the
study and describes how the findings will
contribute to knowledge, solve a
problem, or benefit specific groups. This It explains who will benefit from the
section essentially answers the question: research, like students, teachers, or a
“Why should people care about this specific community.
research?”

For example, if you’re studying the

effects of social media on academic
performance, your study might benefit:

 Students by helping them manage

their social media usage better.
 Teachers by giving them insights
into how social media might affect
their students’ grades.
 Schools or policymakers by
helping them create guidelines or
policies to reduce distractions
from social media.

It explains what problem or issue the

study will address. The research might
fill a gap in current knowledge or
provide new solutions to a real-world
problem. For instance, if previous studies
haven’t fully explored how social media
affects academic performance, your
study could fill that gap by providing
fresh insights or data.

Am I understood?

Next, we have Scope and Delimitations.

This part defines the boundaries of the
study, including what will and won’t be
covered.
Yes ma’am.
What do you mean by that?
Why is it important to define the scope
of the study?

The scope explains what the study will

cover, like the topics, time period, and
population.

It helps the reader know what is included

Can you give an example of a specific in the research and what the focus is, so
scope for a study on social media usage the study doesn’t become too broad.
and academic performance?
The scope can talk about who the
participants are, what area or location the
study covers, and how long the study
will last.

Okay very good! Always remember

when we say scope and delimitations it
talks about the set boundaries to keep the The study might only focus on high
research manageable and clear. school students in one specific school
over one school year.

Let’s proceed to the definition of terms.

Kindly read.

It prevents misunderstandings, ensuring

readers interpret the terms correctly.
Technical or specialized terms need to be
defined, especially for readers who aren’t The definition of terms explains
familiar with them. important words or concepts used in the
research. It clarifies terms that might
have different meanings depending on
What might happen if important terms the context.
aren’t clearly defined?
Okay very good!
The readers might get confused or
Let’s have the theoretical framework. interpret the words differently from how
the researcher intended, which could
Please read. affect how they understand the results.

Think of it like building a house. The

theoretical framework is the strong
foundation made from existing A theoretical framework is a structure
knowledge, and your study is built on top that supports your research. It is made up
of that foundation. of theories or ideas that have been
developed by other researchers, which
Why is it Important? you use to explain your topic or guide
your study

Yes, very good! For example, class if

you’re studying how social media affects
self-esteem, your theoretical framework
might include theories about how social
interactions impact personal identity or They show that your research is not just
self-image. This helps explain why social based on guesses but is grounded in
media might affect self-esteem. existing theories or established facts.

Where Do You Find Theories?

If you’re studying motivation, you might

come across ‘Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs,’ which is a theory that explains
different levels of human motivation. You can find theories in books, journal
You could use this theory to help explain articles, and other studies in your field.
why students are motivated to succeed in Look for ideas that other researchers
school. have used to explain similar topics.

When you choose a theory to guide your

research, you explain how it relates to
your study. The theory helps you make
predictions, form hypotheses, and
analyze your data.

If you’re studying the impact of social

media on behavior, you might use
‘Bandura’s Social Learning Theory,’
which says that people learn behaviors
by observing others. This theory could
help you explain how students might
copy behaviors they see online.

Let’s proceed to conceptual framework.

Kindly read.

Imagine you’re studying how social

media use affects academic performance.
The conceptual framework would show
how these two things social media usage The conceptual framework is like a map
and grades are connected and might or blueprint for your research. It shows
influence each other. the key ideas, concepts, or variables in
your study and how they are related to
each other.
Why Do We Use a Conceptual
Framework?

The framework identifies the main things

we are studying, like the factors or
variables. In our example, these could be We use a conceptual framework to
‘social media use’ and ‘academic organize our ideas. It helps us clearly
performance.’ understand what we are studying, what
we are looking for, and how different
If we know we’re studying the parts of our study fit together.
connection between social media use and
academic performance, we can focus on
questions like: How much time do
students spend on social media? What is
their GPA? This keeps us on track.

For example.
EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION
ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE.

Am I understood class?

If you really understood the topic class.

What is the purpose of conceptual
framework?

How about the theoretical framework?

The conceptual framework helps

organize and present the key concepts or
variables in a study and shows how they
are connected.
What is included in statement of the
problem?
The theoretical framework provides a
foundation for the research by drawing
on established theories and existing
knowledge related to the research topic.

How about the introduction?

The current situation or issue, the gap or
problem to be solved.

The problems as well as research goals

or objectives related to solving the
problem.
Very good!

At this point class, I will group you into The introduction of a research paper
six groups. provides background information,
Each group will choose a leader, and the defines the research problem or question,
leader will pick a card that contains a outlines the study's objectives and
research title along with an assigned significance, and sets the stage for the
section of the research paper, which the methodology and findings.
group must develop and present.

First envelope:
“The Influence of Classroom
Environment on Student Engagement
and Learning Outcomes”

 Design a conceptual framework

based on the provided concept.

Second envelope:
“Exploring the Impact of Homework on
Academic Achievement and Student
Well-being”

 Provide at least three questions

related to this title.

Third envelope:
“Teacher Burnout: Causes,
Consequences, and Strategies for
Prevention”

 Compose an introduction
consisting of at least three
paragraphs, supported by relevant
studies.

Fourth envelope:

“Effects of School Nutrition Programs

on Student Health and Academic
Performance”

 Formulate three objectives for this

research.

Fifth envelope:

 “The Role of Peer Tutoring in

Enhancing Learning and Building
Student Confidence”
  Provide at least five studies related
to this research for the theoretical
framework.

Sixth envelope:
You have 10 minutes to complete the “Assessing the Impact of School
activity. After the time, you will present Uniform Policies on Student Behavior
your answers, with each group allotted and Discipline”
three minutes for their presentation.
 Provide the scope and limitations
for this research.
Okay time is up. Present your answers
now.

Okay give yourselves a big round of

applause. (Students start to answer)

EVALUATION:
(Students present their answers)

Get ¼ sheet of paper and answer the

following.
I’ll give you five minutes to answer this.

ANSWER:
1. Introduction
2. Conceptual Framework
3. Theoretical Framework
4. Statement of the Problem
5. Objectives of the Study
6. Significance of the Study Identify the following:
7. Conceptual Framework
8. Statement of the Problem 1. What section of a research paper
9. Objectives of the Study provides an overview of the
10. (It depends on their answer) background and context for the
study?
2. What is a visual representation
that illustrates the relationships
between concepts in a study
called?
3. Which framework provides a
theoretical basis for the research
by citing existing theories and
models?
4. What section of a research paper
articulates the specific issues or
gaps that the study aims to
 address?
5. What is the term for the specific
goals that a research study aims to
achieve?
6. What section typically follows the
introduction and highlights the
contributions the research will
make to the field?
7. What framework serves to guide
the research by establishing key
variables and their relationships?
8. What is the process of identifying
and defining the research problem
and its importance within a
Your time starts now. specific context?
9. What are the broad statements that
define what the researcher hopes
Okay time is up. Pass your paper. to accomplish through the study?
10. Tell me at least one
Thank you for today class. Class struggle/problem in your life.
dismissed.

(Students started to answer)