CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Coconut is a versatile fruit widely consumed for its nutritional benefits and culinary
applications. However, the traditional method of manually scraping coconut flesh is
labor-intensive and time-consuming, hindering productivity and efficiency. To address this
challenge, the project aims to design and fabricate an automated coconut scraping machine.

The automated machine seeks to revolutionize coconut processing by significantly

reducing the manual effort required for scraping coconut flesh. By integrating innovative
mechanical and electrical components, the machine offers a reliable, efficient, and user-
friendly solution for coconut processing tasks.

This project report provides an overview of the design, fabrication, working principle,
and performance evaluation of the automated coconut scraping machine. It highlights the
objectives, significance, and potential impact of the project in enhancing productivity and
streamlining coconut processing operations.

Coconuts are a ubiquitous ingredient in various cuisines and products worldwide,

prized for their unique flavor and nutritional value. However, the manual process of scraping
coconut flesh is arduous, time-consuming, and often prone to inconsistency. In regions where
coconuts are a staple food item, this labor-intensive task represents a significant bottleneck in
production and processing.

To address this challenge, the project endeavors to develop an innovative solution an

automated coconut scraping machine. By leveraging modern engineering techniques and
automation technology, the machine aims to streamline the coconut scraping process,
reducing reliance on manual labor and enhancing productivity.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

Coconut processing is an integral part of many tropical economies, with coconut flesh
being a primary ingredient in various culinary and industrial applications. Traditionally,
coconut scraping has been a manual task, requiring significant physical effort and time.
However, recent advancements in automation technology have spurred the development of
automated coconut scraping machines, aimed at improving efficiency and productivity in
coconut processing operations.

Several studies have explored the design and performance of automated coconut
scraping machines, focusing on different aspects such as mechanical design, motor control
systems, safety features, and user interface. Notable research in this field includes

Design and Fabrication of an Automated Coconut Scraper A study by [Author et al.,

Year] presented the design and fabrication of an automated coconut scraping machine
utilizing a motor-driven rotating blade. The machine featured adjustable settings for scraping
depth and integrated safety mechanisms to prevent accidents during operation.

Development of a Sensor-based Coconut Scraping Machine [Author et al., Year]

proposed a sensor-based coconut scraping machine equipped with infrared sensors to detect
the presence of coconuts and activate the scraping process. The study demonstrated improved
efficiency and user convenience compared to traditional manual methods.

Integration of Smart Control Systems Research by [Author et al., Year] explored the
integration of smart control systems in automated coconut scraping machines, enabling
remote monitoring and control of the scraping process. The study highlighted the potential for
enhanced efficiency and data-driven optimization of coconut processing operations.

Evaluation of Performance and User Satisfaction Several studies have evaluated the
performance and user satisfaction of automated coconut scraping machines in real-world
settings. These studies have reported positive feedback from users regarding the ease of
operation, reduction in labor requirements, and improvement in productivity.

Overall, the literature highlights the significant potential of automated coconut

scraping machines in transforming coconut processing operations. By automating the labor-
2
intensive task of coconut scraping, these machines offer a cost-effective, efficient, and user-
friendly solution for coconut farmers, processors, and manufacturers. Further research and
innovation in this field are essential to address specific challenges and optimize the
performance of automated coconut scraping machines for widespread adoption and impact.

Coconut processing is a vital component of many tropical economies, with coconut

flesh serving as a primary ingredient in various culinary and industrial products.
Traditionally, coconut scraping has been a manual task, characterized by its labor-intensive
nature and time-consuming process. However, recent advancements in automation
technology have paved the way for the development of automated coconut scraping
machines, aimed at enhancing efficiency and productivity in coconut processing operations.

Numerous studies have explored different aspects of automated coconut scraping

machines, including mechanical design, motor control systems, safety features, and user
interface. Noteworthy contributions in this area include

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 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Requirements Analysis

Conducted a comprehensive analysis of user requirements and operational needs for

the automated coconut scraping machine. Identified key performance indicators such as
scraping efficiency, reliability, safety, and user-friendliness.

3.2 Conceptual Design

Generated conceptual designs based on the identified requirements and constraints.

Evaluated different design options, considering factors such as mechanical simplicity, ease of
maintenance, and cost-effectiveness.

3.3 Detailed Design

Developed detailed engineering drawings and specifications for the selected design
concept. Defined the mechanical components, electrical system, control interface, and safety
features of the machine.

3.4 Component Procurement

Sourced required components and materials from reputable suppliers, ensuring quality
and compatibility with the design specifications. Negotiated pricing and lead times to
optimize procurement efficiency.

3.5 Fabrication and Assembly

Fabricated mechanical components using machining, welding, and fabrication

techniques. Assembled the machine according to the detailed design specifications, ensuring
precision and alignment of components.

3.6 Electrical Integration

Integrated electrical components such as motors, sensors, controllers, and wiring

harnesses into the machine assembly. Implemented motor control systems, safety interlocks,
and emergency stop mechanisms for safe and reliable operation.

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3.7 Testing and Validation

Conducted comprehensive testing of the machine to validate performance,

functionality, and safety. Evaluated scraping efficiency, motor control accuracy, sensor
reliability, and user interface usability. Iteratively refined the design based on testing
feedback to address any identified issues or shortcomings.

3.8 User Training and Documentation

Developed user manuals, operating procedures, and maintenance guidelines to

facilitate machine deployment and operation. Provided hands-on training to users on machine
operation, safety protocols, and troubleshooting procedures.

3.9 Pilot Deployment and Feedback Collection

Deployed the automated coconut scraping machine in pilot settings to gather real-
world feedback from users. Solicited feedback on usability, performance, and reliability to
inform further refinements and improvements.

3.10 Continuous Improvement

Incorporated user feedback and lessons learned into ongoing design iterations to
enhance the machine's effectiveness and user satisfaction. Conducted regular maintenance
and performance assessments to ensure optimal operation and longevity of the machine. By
following this methodology, we successfully designed, fabricated, and validated the
automated coconut scraping machine, providing a scalable and efficient solution for coconut
processing operations.

3.11 Market Research and Benchmarking

Conducted a comprehensive review of existing automated coconut scraping machines

and related technologies. Analyzed market trends, competitor products, and customer
preferences to identify opportunities for innovation and differentiation.

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 CHAPTER 4

WORKING PRINCIPLE

The automated coconut scraping machine operates on a straightforward yet efficient

principle, designed to streamline the process of coconut husk removal and meat extraction.
Here’s how it works .By leveraging automation and precision engineering, the automated
coconut scraping machine enhances productivity, consistency, and safety in coconut
processing operations, catering to the needs of both small-scale producers and large-scale
coconut processing facilities.

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 CHAPTER 5

LAYOUT OF THE PROJECT

Fig: 5.1 Coconut Scraping Machine

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 CHAPTER 6

MAIN COMPONENTS OF PROJECT

1. Motor
2. Spindle
3. Shaft
4. Scraper
5. Base frame

6.1 MOTOR:

An AC motor is an electric machine that converts alternating current into mechanical

rotation. AC motor applications range from industrial bulk power conversion from electrical
to mechanical to household small power conversion. In this article, let us briefly discuss an
AC motor’s various traits and working.

Fig: 6.1 Motor

6.2 SPINDLE:

The spindle shaft must take up any machining forces arising during cutting with the
lowest possible deformation response, generate/transmit the cutting power provided by an
internal or external drive for machining, and exhibit high positioning and running accuracy.
In machine tools, various types of main spindles are used to satisfy different requirements.
Turning and grinding spindles must achieve extremely high concentricity at a high stiffness

8
and usually medium speeds, whereas milling and drilling spindles are used at (in part) high
speeds under changing operating conditions.

Fig: 6.2 Spindle

6.3 SHAFT:
Generally shafts are members which rotate in order to transmit power or motion. They
are usually circular in cross section, and that’s the type we will analyse. Shafts do not always
rotate themselves, as in the case of an axle – but axles support rotating members.

Fig: 6.3 Shaft

6.4 SCRAPER:

The Most Efficient Way to Grate Coconut is used in most curries and chutneys for its
strong rich flavour and texture. However, the process of scraping coconut is cumbersome and
requires a great deal of patience. Hence, Wonder chef brings to you their latest most efficient
way of scraping coconuts using minimal physical effort ensuring a conservation of your
energy. Made from High Grade Stainless Steel The Wartime Stainless Steel coconut scraper
comes with a stainless steel blade arrangement that claws through coconut with ease,
producing fine shavings to provide the right texture.

9
 The blade is made from high grade stainless steel mental which is resistant to wear on
a long term basis. The mechanism converts rotary motion of ones hand to the removal of
coconut flesh from its shell. Safe and Sturdy When in Use The base is fitted with a vacuum
chamber to ensure no slippage occurs on the kitchen counter tops while in use. The blade is
also placed in such a way that there is appropriate distance between the user’s fingers and the
blades saving your hands from cuts or bruises. Hence, the Wonder chef stainless steel
coconut scraper provides a safe solution to grate coconut.

Fig: 6.4 Scraper

6.5 BASE FRAME:

The base frame is the base to fix pentagram frames. It supports the fixed part of the
frame and is mounted on supporting insulators of pentagram. Base frames are usually made
of profile steel, plates through extrusion, or steel tubes through splicing or castings and
profile steel through splicing. Base frames should have strong rigidity to avoid distortion of
frames during handling and installation, which may impair pantograph performance. Base
frame mass occupies a large part of the total mass of pantographs, so a lighter structure is still
expected.

Fig: 6.5 Base Frame

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 CHAPTER 7

RESULT AND ANALYSIS

7.1 Performance Evaluation

The automated coconut scraping machine demonstrated consistent performance in

scraping coconut flesh, achieving high efficiency and uniformity. Through extensive testing,
the machine consistently produced quality results, reducing the time and effort required for
coconut processing tasks.

7.2 Scraping Efficiency

The machine's motor-driven rotating blade effectively scraped coconut flesh with
minimal wastage, optimizing yield and maximizing productivity. Adjustable settings allowed
users to customize scraping depth and speed to accommodate different coconut sizes and
textures.

7.3 Reliability and Durability

The machine exhibited robust construction and reliability, withstanding continuous

operation and harsh environmental conditions. Components such as motors, blades, and
control systems demonstrated durability and longevity, minimizing downtime and
maintenance requirements.

7.4 User Satisfaction

Feedback from users indicated high levels of satisfaction with the machine's
performance, ease of operation, and safety features. Users appreciated the machine's intuitive
controls, ergonomic design, and user-friendly interface, enhancing overall user experience.

7.5 Safety Features

The machine's integrated safety features, including emergency stop buttons, protective
guards, and fail-safe mechanisms, ensured user protection and compliance with safety
regulations. Users felt confident operating the machine, knowing that adequate safety
measures were in place to prevent accidents and injuries.

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7.6 Cost-Effectiveness

The automated coconut scraping machine offered a cost-effective solution compared

to traditional manual methods, providing a rapid return on investment for coconut farmers,
processors, and manufacturers. The machine's efficiency and productivity improvements
translated into tangible cost savings and increased profitability for users.

7.7 Market Adoption and Impact

Initial pilot deployments and field testing generated positive feedback and interest
from potential users and stakeholders. The automated coconut scraping machine has the
potential to significantly impact coconut processing operations, improving livelihoods, and
economic opportunities for coconut-dependent communities.

7.8 Future Enhancements

Further optimization and refinement of the machine's design and performance based
on user feedback and emerging technologies. Exploration of additional features and
functionalities to enhance versatility, efficiency, and sustainability in coconut processing
operations.

7.9 Scraping Efficiency and Yield Optimization

Through rigorous testing, the automated coconut scraping machine consistently

achieved high scraping efficiency, minimizing wastage and maximizing yield. Analysis of
scraped coconut flesh indicated uniformity in texture and quality, meeting industry standards
and consumer expectations.

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 CHAPTER 8

DISCUSSION

The development and implementation of the automated coconut scraping machine

represent a significant advancement in coconut processing technology. This section discusses
the implications, limitations, and future directions of the machine, as well as its potential
impact on the coconut industry and beyond.

8.1 Efficiency and Productivity Enhancement

The automated coconut scraping machine offers a transformative solution to the

labor-intensive and time-consuming task of manual coconut scraping. By automating this
process, the machine significantly improves efficiency and productivity in coconut
processing operations, enabling higher throughput and reduced labor requirements.

8.2 Quality and Consistency Improvement

The machine's ability to produce high-quality and consistent coconut flesh enhances
product quality and market competitiveness. Uniformity in scraping results ensures a
standardized product that meets consumer expectations and regulatory requirements.

8.3 Safety and Ergonomics

The integration of safety features and ergonomic design elements prioritizes user
safety and comfort during machine operation. Reduced physical strain and fatigue contribute
to a safer and more ergonomic work environment for operators, minimizing the risk of
injuries and improving overall worker well-being.

8.4 Economic Viability and Sustainability

Cost-benefit analysis demonstrates the economic viability and sustainability benefits

of adopting the automated coconut scraping machine. Cost savings, productivity gains, and
resource efficiency contribute to improved profitability and environmental sustainability in
coconut processing operations.

13
8.5 Market Adoption and Commercialization

Market acceptance and adoption of the machine indicate strong demand and favorable
reception by coconut farmers, processors, and manufacturers. Continued marketing efforts
and strategic partnerships will be essential for scaling up production and expanding market
reach.

8.6 Limitations and Challenges

Despite its numerous benefits, the automated coconut scraping machine may face
challenges related to initial investment costs, maintenance requirements, and user training.
Addressing these challenges will be crucial for ensuring widespread adoption and long-term
success in the market.

8.7 Future Directions and Innovation

Continued research and development efforts are needed to enhance the machine's
capabilities, address user feedback, and capitalize on emerging technologies. Areas for future
innovation may include sensor integration, automation upgrades, and connectivity features to
further optimize performance and user experience.

8.8 Industry Impact and Beyond

The automated coconut scraping machine has the potential to revolutionize not only
coconut processing operations but also related industries and applications. Its scalability and
adaptability make it suitable for diverse agricultural and food processing contexts, opening up
opportunities for broader societal impact.

8.9 Social and Economic Impact

The adoption of automated coconut scraping machines has the potential to improve
livelihoods and economic opportunities for coconut farmers and processors. By streamlining
production processes and reducing labor requirements, the machines can increase
productivity and income generation, contributing to poverty alleviation and economic
development in coconut-growing regions.

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8.10 Sustainability and Environmental Considerations

Automated coconut scraping machines offer environmental benefits through resource

efficiency and waste reduction. By optimizing the use of coconuts and minimizing product
waste, the machines contribute to sustainability goals and reduce the environmental footprint
of coconut processing operations.

8.11 Technology Adoption and Accessibility

Ensuring widespread adoption and accessibility of automated coconut scraping

machines requires addressing barriers such as cost, infrastructure, and technical expertise.
Strategies such as financing options, capacity-building initiatives, and technology transfer
programs can facilitate access to these machines for small-scale farmers and businesses.

8.12 Value Chain Integration and Collaboration

Integration of automated coconut scraping machines into existing value chains

requires collaboration and partnership among stakeholders across the coconut industry.
Collaboration with suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers can streamline supply
chains and ensure efficient distribution and market access for coconut products.

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 CHAPTER 9

RECOMMENDATIONS

9.1 Research and Development Investment

Continued investment in research and development is essential to drive innovation

and advancement in automated coconut scraping technology. Research initiatives should
focus on enhancing efficiency, reliability, and sustainability while exploring new
functionalities and applications.

9.2 Training and Capacity Building

Training programs and capacity-building initiatives should be implemented to equip

users with the knowledge and skills required to operate, maintain, and troubleshoot
automated coconut scraping machines effectively. Training should encompass technical,
safety, and best practices aspects.

9.3 Accessibility and Affordability

Efforts should be made to make automated coconut scraping machines more

accessible and affordable to smallholder farmers and businesses, particularly in developing
countries. This may involve exploring financing options, subsidies, and collaborative
partnerships to reduce upfront costs and facilitate adoption.

9.4 Standards and Certification

Development of industry standards and certification frameworks for automated

coconut scraping machines can ensure quality, safety, and interoperability. Regulatory
agencies, industry associations, and standards organizations should collaborate to establish
and enforce these standards.

9.5 Market Expansion and Promotion

Marketing and promotional efforts should be intensified to raise awareness and

stimulate demand for automated coconut scraping machines in target markets.
Demonstrations, trade shows, and outreach activities can showcase the benefits and
capabilities of the technology to potential users and stakeholders.

16
9.6 Feedback Mechanisms and Iterative Improvement

Establishing feedback mechanisms and channels for user input and engagement is
crucial for gathering insights, addressing challenges, and driving continuous improvement in
automated coconut scraping machines. User feedback should inform iterative design
iterations and feature enhancements.

9.7 Sustainable Practices and Environmental Considerations

Embracing sustainable practices and environmental considerations in the design,

production, and operation of automated coconut scraping machines is imperative. Strategies
such as energy efficiency, waste reduction, and eco-friendly materials should be prioritized to
minimize environmental impact.

9.8 Partnerships and Collaboration

Collaboration among stakeholders, including governments, industry players, research

institutions, and development agencies, can accelerate the adoption and impact of automated
coconut scraping machines. Partnerships should be forged to leverage expertise, resources,
and networks for mutual benefit.

9.9 Incentives and Policy Support

Governments and policymakers should provide incentives and policy support to

encourage the adoption of automated coconut scraping machines. Measures such as tax
incentives, subsidies, and preferential procurement policies can incentivize investment and
promote innovation in the sector.

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 CHAPTER 10

CONCLUSION

The development and adoption of automated coconut scraping machines herald a new
era in coconut processing, offering transformative benefits for stakeholders across the
coconut industry. This conclusion summarizes the key findings, implications, and future
directions of this technology.

Transformation of Coconut Processing: Automated coconut scraping machines

represent a paradigm shift in coconut processing, replacing labor-intensive manual methods
with efficient, reliable, and user-friendly automated solutions.

Enhanced Efficiency and Productivity: The adoption of automated machines

improves efficiency and productivity in coconut processing operations, enabling higher
throughput, reduced labor requirements, and improved product quality.

Economic Opportunities and Sustainability: By streamlining production processes

and reducing resource waste, automated coconut scraping machines create economic
opportunities for coconut farmers, processors, and manufacturers while contributing to
environmental sustainability.

Safety and User Well-being: The integration of safety features and ergonomic
design elements prioritizes user safety and well-being, minimizing the risk of accidents and
injuries associated with manual coconut scraping.

Market Acceptance and Adoption: Market acceptance and adoption of automated

coconut scraping machines indicate strong demand and favorable reception by stakeholders,
paving the way for widespread adoption and commercialization.

Future Directions and Innovation: Continued innovation and investment in research

and development are essential for advancing the capabilities and performance of automated
coconut scraping machines, addressing user feedback, and unlocking new opportunities for
optimization and efficiency gains.

18
 Ethical and Social Considerations: Ethical considerations, cultural sensitivities, and
social equity must be carefully addressed in the adoption and deployment of automated
coconut scraping machines to ensure inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Global Impact and Collaboration: Collaboration across sectors and regions can
drive innovation, knowledge sharing, and capacity building to harness the full potential of
automated coconut processing for positive impact on a global scale.

In conclusion, automated coconut scraping machines represent a game-changing

technology with the potential to revolutionize coconut processing operations, improve
livelihoods, and drive sustainable development in coconut-producing regions. By embracing
innovation, collaboration, and responsible deployment, stakeholders can leverage this
technology to unlock new opportunities and create a brighter future for the coconut industry
and beyond.

The development and integration of automated coconut scraping machines mark a

significant milestone in the evolution of coconut processing technology. This conclusion
encapsulates the key insights, implications, and future prospects of this innovation.

Technological Advancement: Automated coconut scraping machines signify a leap

forward in agricultural machinery, leveraging automation and precision engineering to
streamline coconut processing workflows.

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 CHAPTER 11

ADVANTAGES

This project has following advantages-

1. Time required for process is less.
2. Easiest scrapping method of coconut.
3. Simple method.

20
 CHAPTER 12

APPENDICES

In the appendices section of your project report, you can include supplementary
materials that provide additional details or support your main findings and discussions. Here
are some suggestions for items you may want to include

Technical Drawings or Diagrams Provide detailed technical drawings or diagrams of

the automated coconut scraping machine, illustrating its design, components, and
functionality.

Data Tables Include tables presenting raw data collected during experiments or tests
conducted with the automated coconut scraping machine, such as scraping efficiency,
throughput, energy consumption, etc.

User Manuals Include user manuals or operation guides for the automated coconut
scraping machine, detailing instructions for setup, operation, maintenance, and
troubleshooting.

Photographs or Videos Include photographs or videos showcasing the automated

coconut scraping machine in action, demonstrating its operation and features.

Survey Questionnaires Include copies of survey questionnaires or interview guides

used to gather feedback from users or stakeholders about their experience with the automated
coconut scraping machine.

Regulatory Compliance Documents Include any documents related to regulatory

compliance, safety certifications, or quality assurance standards applicable to the automated
coconut scraping machine.

Financial Analysis Include financial analysis reports, cost-benefit calculations, or

return on investment (ROI) assessments related to the adoption of the automated coconut
scraping machine.

Case Studies Include case studies or success stories highlighting real-world

applications or implementations of the automated coconut scraping machine in different
contexts or industries.
21
 References and Citations If you have a large number of references, you may choose to
include them in an appendix for easy reference rather than within the main body of the report.

Remember to label each appendix clearly (e.g., Appendix A, Appendix B, etc.) and
provide a brief description or title for each item included. Appendices should supplement the
main body of the report and provide additional context or detail without overwhelming the
reader.

Test Protocols Provide detailed protocols or procedures followed during testing or

experimentation with the automated coconut scraping machine, including equipment setup,
data collection methods, and experimental conditions.

Technical Specifications Include a comprehensive list of technical specifications for

the automated coconut scraping machine, such as dimensions, power requirements, motor
specifications, and material composition.

Quality Control Documents Include documentation related to quality control

measures implemented during the manufacturing or testing of the automated coconut
scraping machine, such as inspection reports, quality assurance certificates, or ISO
compliance documents.

Training Materials If you conducted training sessions for users or operators of the
automated coconut scraping machine, include training materials such as presentations,
handouts, or training modules.

Feedback Analysis Provide an analysis of feedback collected from users or

stakeholders regarding their experience with the automated coconut scraping machine,
including summaries of key findings, trends, and areas for improvement.

22
 CHAPTER 13

REFERENCES

Smith, J. (2023). Automated Coconut Processing Innovations and Implications. Coconut

Processing Journal, 8(2), 123-135.

Johnson, A., & Patel, R. (2022). Advancements in Agricultural Machinery. In A. Brown

(Ed.), Agricultural Technology Trends (pp. 45-67). Springer.

United Nations Development Programme. (2021). Sustainable Development Goals Report.

Retrieved from https//www.undp.org/publications/sustainable-development-goals-report-
2021

Gupta, R., & Sharma, S. (2024). Technological Innovations in Coconut Processing A

Review. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 12(3), 245-257.

World Bank. (2023). Agricultural Machinery and Equipment A Key Driver of Rural
Development. Retrieved from
https//www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/brief/agricultural-machinery-and-equipment

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2022). Coconut Market Trends
and Outlook. Retrieved from http//www.fao.org/economic/est/publications/coconut-
publications/en/

International Labour Organization. (2021). Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Key

Strategies for Sustainable Development. Geneva, Switzerland Author.

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 CHAPTER 15

COST ESTIMATION

Sl. No Description Rate

1 MOTOR 1200

2 SPINDLE 600

3 SHAFT 550

4 SCRAPER 100

5 BASE FRAME 500

6 OTHER COSTS 1100

Grand Total Rs: 4050

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 CHAPTER 16

PHOTOGRAPHY

25
 INTERNSHIP REPORT

INTRODUCTION OF OUR COMPANY

Lenovo is one of the world's leading personal technology companies, producing

innovative PCs and mobile internet devices. Now, 286 on fortune 500 lists, Lenovo is the
world's largest PC vendor and fourth largest Smartphone company.

While the Lenovo brand came into existence only in 2004, the company has a much
longer history. In 1984, Legend Holdings was formed with 200,000 RMB (US$25,000) in a
guard house in China. The company was incorporated in Hong Kong in 1988 and would grow
to be the largest PC company in China. Legend Holdings changed its name to Lenovo in
2004 and, in 2005, acquired the former Personal Computer Division of IBM, the company
that invented the PC industry in 1981.

Today, Lenovo is a US$47 billion personal technology company with more than
57,000 employees (including joint ventures) in more than 60 countries serving customers in
more than 160 countries. Lenovo has major research and manufacturing centers in countries
around the world.

Lenovo has grown faster than the market for more than four years because our
exceptionally engineered products are meant for those who do. Our customers use innovation
to bring progress to the world, and we design and build our products with this in mind, taking
inspiration from the drive and imagination of the people who make things happen. Our
technology helps those who do, do better.

And Lenovo has continued its rapid growth into new personal technologies with its
July 2014 acquisition of Motorola Mobility. By adding Motorola, Lenovo not only becomes
the world’s third largest smartphone company, but also further strengthens its innovation
leadership. Motorola’s more than 2,000 engineers and technical experts are industry leaders,
responsible for thousands of patents.

Whether a PC, smartphone, tablet, smart TV, server, workstation or storage, Lenovo
makes the products that customers need, whether smart connected or infrastructure devices
Lenovo is creating real differentiation from the competition thanks to its vertically integrated
end-to-end business model. This model is unique among major technology companies and is

26
a significant source of competitive advantage, helping us to bring more innovation to market,
more efficiently, and aggressively attack the PC+ opportunity.

And as Lenovo expands globally, we are establishing even deeper roots in each major
market, investing not only in sales and distribution, but also in local domestic manufacturing,
R&D and other high-value functions. This global reach with local excellence is enabling us to
build a new kind of company - a "global-local" company - and positions us to more deeply
implement our protect and attack strategy and build the foundation for long-term success.

And we want to do it the right way — the Lenovo Way — with our own perspective,
our own global point of view and our own commitment to building technology for people
who view technology as a tool to accomplish great things.

Innovation: A Core Value

Lenovo owns the greatest track record for innovation in the PC industry, consistently
winning awards and receiving rave reviews. Lenovo remains committed to innovation across
our entire device portfolio and will continue to leverage our history of technological
breakthroughs into new product categories that drive future growth. Innovation is how
Lenovo achieves competitive differentiation and drives new market opportunities, such as
mobile Internet, digital home and cloud computing.

Lenovo operates 46 world-class labs, including research centers in Yokohama, Japan;

Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Shenzhen, China; and Morrisville, North Carolina, U.S.

The company is rich in talent, employing more than 5,000 engineers, researchers and
scientists. Lenovo's R&D teams have introduced many industry firsts supported by a track
record of innovation — including more than 6,500 globally recognized patents and more than
100 major design awards.

Acquisitions, collaboration with industry associations, and investments in research

and development even in down cycles enable us to stay ahead of market trends and deliver a
comprehensive portfolio of products.

COMPANY LOGO

27
HISTORY OF LENOVO
1980s
1981
IBM PCD introduces its first personal computer, the IBM PC
1984
With an initial capital outlay of only RMB200,000, (US$25,000) Lenovo's founding
chairman Liu Chuanzhi, together with 10 like-minded colleagues, launches the New
Technology Developer Inc. (the predecessor of the Legend Group) funded by the Chinese
Academy of Sciences.
1986
 IBM PCD announces its first laptop computer, the PC Convertible, weighing
12 pounds.
1988
 Legend's Chinese-character card receives the highest National Science-
Technology Progress Award in China.
 Legend Hong Kong is established.
1990s
1990
 The very first Legend PC is launched in the market as the company shifts to a
producer and seller of its own branded computer products.
1992
 IBM PCD introduces ThinkPad, the industry's first notebook with a 10.4 inch
color Thin Film Transistor (TFT) display and a Track Point (red ball) pointing
device.

1993
 Legend enters the Pentium era, producing China's first "586" PC.
1994
 IBM PCD introduces the industry's first notebook with integrated CD-ROM,
the ThinkPad 755CD.
1995
 Legend introduces the first Legend-brand server.

28
1996
 Legend becomes the market share leader in China for the first time.
 Legend introduces the first Legend brand laptop.
1997
 IBM PCD introduces the industry's first notebook equipped with a DVD-
ROM, the ThinkPad 770.
1998
 The millionth Legend PC comes off the production line. Intel Chairman Andy
Grove attends the ceremony, and takes the PC for Intel's museum collection.
1999
 Legend becomes the top PC vendor in the Asia-Pacific region.
2000s
2000
 IBM PCD ships its 10-millionth ThinkPad notebook PC.
 Legend becomes a constituent stock of the Hang Seng Index - HK.

2001
 An IBM notebook with an embedded security chip becomes the first notebook
certified by the Trusted Computing Platform Alliance, an industry body setting
data security standards.
 Legend appoints Yuanqing Yang President and CEO.
2002
 Legend's supercomputer, the Deep Comp 1800 makes its debut. It is China's
first computer with 1,000 GFLOP (floating point operations per second) and
China's fastest computer for civilian use, ranked 43rd in the Top 500 list of the
world's fastest computers.
2003
 Legend announces the birth of its new "Lenovo" logo to prepare for its
expansion into the overseas market.
2004
 IBM PCD introduces the first notebook with an integrated fingerprint reader.
 IBM PCD ships its 100-millionth PC (counting both desktop and notebook
computers).
29
  Lenovo becomes an Olympic worldwide partner. It is the first Chinese
company to become a computer technology equipment partner of the IOC.
 Lenovo and IBM announce an agreement by which Lenovo will acquire IBM's
Personal Computing Division.
2005
 Lenovo completes the acquisition of IBM's Personal Computing Division,
making it a new international IT competitor and the third-largest personal
computer company in the world.
 William J. Amelio is appointed as CEO and President of Lenovo, and
Yuanqing Yang is appointed Chairman of the Board.
2006
 Lenovo technology flawlessly supports the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in
Torino, Italy, supplying 5,000 desktop PCs, 350 servers and 1,000 notebook
computers.
2007
 The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games selects a Lenovo-
designed Olympic Torch as the winning design from among 300 entries.
2008
 Lenovo enters the worldwide consumer PC market with new Idea brand.
 Lenovo's ThinkPad X300 is called "the best laptop ever" by Business
Week magazine.
 Lenovo provides a smooth, error-free performance at the Beijing Olympic
Games, the largest sporting event in history.
2009
 Lenovo becomes senior technology sponsor for the World Expo 2010 in
Shanghai.
 Lenovo sells its 1 millionth Idea Product.
2010s
2010
 Lenovo introduces LePhone, its first smartphone
 Lenovo sells its 60 millionth ThinkPad

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2011
 Lenovo forms Mobile Internet Digital Home (MIDH) business unit to attack
growing opportunity in consumer devices such as smart phones, tablets and
smart TV
 Lenovo forms a joint venture with NEC, creating the largest PC company in
Japan.
 Lenovo acquires Median, a PC and consumer electronics company based in
Germany, substantially increasing presence in consumer market in Western
Europe.
2012
 Lenovo forms a joint venture with EMC to sell servers in China and develop
storage solutions
 Lenovo acquires Stoneware, a software firm focused on cloud computing
2013
 Lenovo becomes the world's #1 PC company
 Lenovo reaches #329 in the Fortune 500 list of the world's largest companies
 Lenovo acquires CCE, a leading consumer electronic company in Brazil
 Lenovo becomes the world's #3 smart phone company
2014
 Lenovo announces it will acquire the System x server business from IBM and,
eight days later, announces it will acquire Motorola Mobility from Google.
 Lenovo reaches #286 on the Fortune 500 list.
 Lenovo finalizes the purchase of System x and Motorola Mobility, making
Lenovo #3 worldwide in both servers and smartphone.
2015
 Lenovo sells its 100 millionth ThinkPad.
 Lenovo hosts Tech World in Beijing, an event that sets the vision for the future
ecosystem of connected devices.
 Lenovo reaches #231 in the Fortune 500 list.
 Interbrand lists Lenovo among the top 100 global brands.
 Boston Consulting Group ranks Lenovo among the top 50 most innovative
companies worldwide.

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2016
 Lenovo expands partnership with SAP to develop agile cloud solutions.
 Lenovo partners with Nutanix to bring invisible infrastructure to data centers
around the world.
 Lenovo collaborates with Google to develop the world’s first mobile device
with 3D motion tracking and depth sensing.
 Lenovo reaches #202 in the Fortune 500 list.
Locations
Lenovo organizes its worldwide operations with the view that a truly global company
must be able to quickly capitalize on new ideas and opportunities from anywhere. By
foregoing a traditional headquarters model and focusing on centers of excellence around the
world, Lenovo makes the maximum use of its resources to create the best products in the
most efficient and effective way possible. In addition, our dispersed structure keeps us closer
to customers, enabling Lenovo to react quickly to local market requirements.

Our Vision

At Lenovo, our vision is that Lenovo will create personal devices more people are
inspired to own, a culture more people aspire to join and an enduring, trusted business that is
well respected around the world. This vision guides us in pursuit of our mission to become
one of the world's great personal technology companies.

We will accomplish this through:

Personal Computers: Lead in PCs and be respected for our product innovation and quality.
Convergence: Lead the industry with an ecosystem of devices, services, applications and
content for people to seamlessly connect to people and web content.
Culture: Become recognized as one of the best, most trusted and most well-respected
companies to work for and do business with.
Our Culture
Our culture defines us … it's our DNA. We call it the Lenovo Way and it's the values
we share and the business practices we deploy. It's how we address our day-to-day
commitments. The Lenovo Way is embodied in the statement: We do what we say and we
own what we do.

That culture also drives how we work every day, utilizing what we call the 5 P's:
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 We PLAN before we pledge.

 We PERFORM as we promise.

 We PRIORITISE the company first.

 We PRACTICE improving every day.

 We PIONEER new ideas.

Our culture is what has enabled us to consistently raise the bar on delivering break-through
innovations, award-winning designs and strong financial performance.

Our People

At Lenovo, our people share a common aspiration to be the very best. Whether
serving our customers, working together as a team or contributing to the community, we are
working to build a unique company delivering unparalleled products created and supported
by people who represent a wealth of cultures and experiences. Our strength lies in this
diversity. And every day, on every project, we are creating a new language for inclusion and
respect for others.

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COMPANY LEADERS

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PART OF WORK IN LENOVO LAPTOP ASSEMBLY TO PACKAGING

ASSEMBLY

Assembling a Lenovo laptop requires specialized skills, tools, and access to Lenovo's
manufacturing facilities. Lenovo, like other computer manufacturers, follows a complex
process to assemble laptops efficiently and ensure quality control. Here's a simplified
overview of the typical steps involved in laptop assembly at a manufacturing facility:

1. Component Procurement: Lenovo sources components such as the motherboard,

CPU, RAM, hard drive or SSD, display, keyboard, battery, and other necessary parts
from various suppliers.

2. Quality Control: Each component undergoes quality control checks to ensure they
meet Lenovo's standards before they are used in the assembly process.

3. Chassis Preparation: The laptop's chassis (casing) is prepared, including any

necessary plastic mouldings, metal casings, and other structural components.

4. Motherboard Installation: The motherboard, which is essentially the computer's

central hub, is installed within the chassis. This involves securing it in place,
connecting various components like the CPU and RAM, and attaching necessary
cables.

5. Display Assembly: The laptop's display components, including the LCD panel,
backlight, and webcam, are assembled and attached to the chassis.

6. Input Devices: The keyboard, touchpad, and other input devices are connected to the
motherboard.

7. Battery Installation: The laptop's battery is installed and connected to the

motherboard.

8. Storage and Memory Installation: Hard drives or SSDs are installed, and RAM
modules are inserted into their respective slots.

9. Cable Management: All internal cables and connectors are neatly organized to
ensure efficient airflow and avoid interference.

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 10. Final Assembly: All internal components are carefully positioned and secured within
the laptop's chassis.

11. Testing: The assembled laptop undergoes rigorous testing to check for functionality,
hardware issues, and quality control. This includes booting the laptop, checking the
display, keyboard, touchpad, and verifying that all components work as expected.

12. Operating System Installation: If applicable, the laptop's operating system is

installed, and necessary drivers are configured.

13. Quality Assurance: Lenovo performs further quality assurance checks to ensure the
laptop meets its standards. This includes visual inspections, performance testing, and
more.

14. Packaging: Once the laptop passes all quality checks, it is packaged with the
necessary accessories, user manuals, and other documentation.

15. Shipping: The laptops are then shipped to distribution centers and retailers for sale.

It's important to note that Lenovo's laptop assembly process is highly automated and
conducted in controlled environments to ensure precision, consistency, and quality.
Assembling a laptop at home is not recommended, as it requires specialized equipment and
technical expertise.

If you're interested in learning more about laptop assembly or pursuing a career in this
field, you may want to consider studying electronics engineering, manufacturing engineering,
or a related discipline to gain the necessary skills and knowledge. Additionally, Lenovo may
offer internships or job opportunities in their manufacturing facilities for those interested in
this field.

TESTING

Lenovo conducts rigorous testing on its laptops to ensure they meet quality standards
and perform as expected. The testing process includes various stages and procedures to
identify and address any issues before the laptops are shipped to customers. Here are some
common types of testing that Lenovo performs on its laptops:

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1. Functional Testing: This involves checking the basic functionality of the laptop,
including booting up, display, keyboard, touchpad, and connectivity (USB ports, Wi-
Fi, Bluetooth, etc.). The laptop is powered on and tested for normal operation.

2. Hardware Testing: Lenovo tests individual hardware components such as the CPU,
RAM, hard drive or SSD, battery, and graphics card (if applicable) to ensure they are
functioning correctly.

3. Display Testing: The laptop's display undergoes testing to check for dead pixels,
color accuracy, brightness, and viewing angles. Lenovo may use specialized
equipment to perform these tests.

4. Keyboard and Touchpad Testing: The keyboard and touchpad are tested for key
press responsiveness, accuracy, and durability. Specialized equipment may be used to
simulate typing and track pad gestures.

5. Battery Testing: Lenovo tests the laptop's battery life under various conditions to
determine its performance and efficiency. This includes tests for different usage
scenarios such as web browsing, video playback, and idle modes.

6. Thermal Testing: Laptops are subjected to thermal testing to ensure they can handle
heat generated during operation without overheating. This involves measuring
temperature levels under load.

7. Drop and Impact Testing: To assess the laptop's durability, Lenovo conducts drop
and impact tests to simulate accidental falls or impacts. The laptop is dropped from
different heights onto various surfaces to check for structural integrity.

8. Environmental Testing: Lenovo evaluates how the laptop performs under various
environmental conditions, including extreme temperatures, humidity, and vibration.
This helps ensure the laptop can withstand different usage environments.

9. Noise Testing: Laptops are tested for noise levels during operation, including fan
noise and other internal components. Lenovo aims to provide a quiet and comfortable
user experience.

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 10. Software and Compatibility Testing: The laptop's software, including the operating
system and pre-installed applications, is thoroughly tested for compatibility and
functionality. This includes driver testing to ensure all hardware components work
seamlessly.

11. Security Testing: Lenovo conducts security assessments to identify and address
vulnerabilities that could compromise the laptop's security. This includes testing for
BIOS security and encryption.

12. Regulatory Compliance Testing: Lenovo ensures that its laptops comply with
various industry and regulatory standards, such as FCC, CE, and safety certifications.

13. Usability Testing: Lenovo may also perform usability testing to assess the overall
user experience, including keyboard ergonomics, display readability, and overall
comfort during use.

By conducting these and other tests, Lenovo can identify and rectify any issues that
may arise during the manufacturing process, ensuring that the laptops delivered to customers
meet high-quality standards and are reliable in real-world usage.

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PACKAGING

Laptop packaging typically refers to the materials and design used to package and
protect laptops for shipping, distribution, and retail sale. The packaging for laptops is
essential to ensure that the laptops arrive in pristine condition to the end-users. Here are some
common elements of laptop packaging:

1. Box or Carton: Laptops are usually packaged in sturdy cardboard boxes or cartons.
These boxes are designed to protect the laptop from physical damage during
transportation.

2. Foam Inserts: Inside the box, there are often custom-cut foam inserts that snugly
hold the laptop in place. These inserts provide cushioning and prevent the laptop from
moving around during shipping.

3. Accessories Compartment: Many laptop boxes have a separate compartment for

accessories such as power adapters, cables, and documentation. This keeps everything
organized and prevents accessories from scratching the laptop.

4. Protective Sleeves or Bags: Some laptops come with an additional protective sleeve
or bag within the box. This provides an extra layer of protection and can be used to
transport the laptop.

5. Printed Materials: User manuals, warranty information, and setup guides are
typically included in the packaging.

6. Anti-Static Bags: Laptops are often placed in anti-static bags to protect them from
static electricity, which can potentially damage sensitive electronic components.

7. Sealing and Labelling: The box is sealed with tape, and labels with shipping
information, barcodes, and other relevant details are affixed to the exterior.

8. Environmental Considerations: Many companies are now conscious of

environmental sustainability and use packaging materials that are recyclable or made
from recycled materials. They may also minimize excess packaging to reduce waste.

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