FIRST PUC – PHYSICS – CHAPTERWISE QUESTIONS

Chapter 1: Units and Measurement

Q. Name the system of units accepted internationally [2019]

Q. What are fundamental units? [2017]
Q. What is the SI unit of temperature? [2022]
Q. Name the SI unit of luminous intensity [2022]
Q. Write the S.I unit of radius of curvature of spherical surface [2016]
Q. Name the SI unit of angle in plane. [2013]
Q. Give the number of significant figures in 0.006 m2 [2013]
Q. Write the number of significant figures in 0.0640 [2022]
Q. The number of significant figures in 2.032 is [2023]
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 1
Q. The number of significant figures in 0.006400 is [2023]
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 1
Q. Write the dimensional formula of density [2015]
Q. Write the dimensions for force [2013]
-2
Q. Name the following physical quantities whose dimensions are ( a) MLT (b) ML2T – 3
[2014]
Q. Write the dimensional formula for (i) impulse of a force (ii) momentum [2017]
Q. Write the dimensional formula for (i) work (ii) power [2020]
Q. Mention a physical quantity which has neither dimensions nor a unit. [2014]
Q. Give an example for dimensional constant. [2018]
Q. Write any two applications of dimensional analysis. [2013, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022]
Q. Check the correctness of an equation v = vo + at by the method of dimensions. [2016, 2022]
Q. Check the correctness of an equation v2 = vo2 + 2ax by the method of dimensions [2023]
Q. Check the correctness of an equation v = vo + at2 by the method of dimensions. Where v and vo
are velocities, a is acceleration, t is time. [2019]
Q. Verify dimensionally ½ mv2 = mgh. [2016]
Q. Verify dimensionally Ft = mv. F – force, m- mass, t – time and v – velocity. [2023]
Q. The centripetal force F of a body executing uniform circular motion depends on i) linear speed
v of the body ii) radius r of the circular path iii) Mass m of the body. Derive the relation
between them using dimensional analysis. [2013]
Q. Write any two limitations of dimensional analysis. [2022]

Chapter 2: Motion in a Straight Line

Q. Under what condition the magnitude of speed is equal to the velocity of a moving body?
[2015]
Q. Distinguish between speed and velocity. [2016]
Q. Define acceleration. [2013]
Q. Draw the position time graph of an object (a) at rest [2019]
(b) uniform velocity [2019]
(c) moving with negative velocity [2014, 2018]
(d) positive acceleration [2018]

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Q. Draw the position–time graph of a particle in i) Uniform +ve velocity ii) variable velocity iii)
Uniform -ve velocity [2013]
Q. Position-time graph for a particle is a straight line parallel to time axis. The particle is [2023]
(1) moving with a uniform velocity
(2) at rest
(3) moving with uniform acceleration
(4) moving with non-uniform acceleration
Q. The slope of Position-time graph gives [2023]
(1) position (2) velocity (3) displacement (4) acceleration
Q. What is v-t graph? [2015, 2016, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. Derive v2 = vo2 + 2ax using v-t graph [2016, 2018, 2023]
Q. Derive equation x = vot + ½ at2 using v-t graph. [2013, 2014, 2015, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023]

Numericals:
1. A car moving along a straight highway with speed of 126kmh –1 is brought to a stop within a
distance of 200 m. What is the retardation of the car, and how long does it take for the car to
stop? [2015, 2017]
2. Two trains A and B of length 300m each are moving on two parallel tracks with a uniform
speed of 54kmh-1 in the same direction, with the train A ahead of B. The driver of train B
decides to overtake ‘A’ and accelerates by 2ms-2. If after 25s, the guard of train B just brushes
past the driver of A, what was the original gap between them? [2017]
3. A stone is dropped from the top of a building 200 m height. At the same time another stone is
thrown vertically upwards from the base of the building with a velocity of 50ms -1. When and
where will the two stones meet? (g = 10 ms-2) [2013, 2018]
4. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20 ms –1 from the top of a multistory
building. The height of the point from where the ball is thrown is 25.0 m from the ground. (a)
How high will the ball rise and (b) how long will it be in air before the ball hits the ground?
Take g = 10 ms–2. [2022]

Chapter 3: Motion in a plane

Q. Distinguish between scalars and vectors. [2013, 2017]
Q. Name the physical quantity which can be described by its magnitude, unit and direction.
[2016]
Q. Define a null or zero vector [2014, 2019, 2022, 2023]
Q. What is the magnitude of a null vector? [2023]
1) 1 2) 2 3) 0 4) 3
Q. What is position vector? [2020]
Q. What is a unit vector? [2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2022]
Q. What are the conditions for the equality of two vectors? [2023]
Q. Define instantaneous velocity of a body in terms of its average velocity. [2017]
Q. State and explain the triangle law of vector addition. [2017, 2019, 2022]
Q. State and explain the parallelogram law of vector addition. [2014]
Q. Explain resolution of a vector in Cartesian coordinate system (in two dimensions). Hence
obtain the expressions for its rectangular components. [2015]
Q. Obtain the expression for magnitude and direction of the resultant of two vectors.

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 Or Derive the expressions for magnitude and direction of resultant of two vectors P and Q
acting at an angle . [2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2022]
Q. Explain scalar product (or dot product) of two vectors. Mention two examples.
[2015, 2017, 2019]
Q. What is the vector product of two parallel vectors? [2013]
Q. What is a projectile? [2018, 2020]
Q. Give an example for a projectile [2018, 2020]
Q. Which component of velocity of a projectile remains constant? [2018]
Q. Deduce equation for trajectory of projectile. or
Show that the path traced by a projectile is a parabola. [2013, 2014, 2016]
Q. Trajectory of a projectile is a [2023]
1) straight line 2) circle 3) Ellipse 4) Parabola
Q. Write the equation for the trajectory (path) of a projectile motion. What is the nature of its
trajectory? [2018]
Q. What is time of flight? [2015, 2022]
Q. What is maximum height in projectile motion? [2015]
Q. Obtain the equation for maximum height reached by a projectile. [2013, 2017, 2023]
Q. Deduce the expression for
(a) maximum height [2013, 2017, 2018, 2020]
(b) time of flight and [2017, 2018]
(c) range of projectile. [2017]
Q. Mention the equation for time of flight of a projectile. [2022]
Q. At what angle of projection, the range of a projectile is maximum for a given velocity of
projection? [2023]
1) 90° 2) 0° 3) 45° 4) 60°
Q. What is the angle of projection for which the horizontal range of the projectile maximum?
[2013, 2019, 2022]
Q. Write the expression for the maximum range of a projectile. [2018]
Q. What are the two possible angles of projection with same velocity to have the same range?
[2015]
Q. What is uniform circular motion? Mention one example. [2017, 2022]
Q. Obtain the relation between linear velocity and angular velocity [2019]
Q. Define centripetal acceleration and obtain an expression for it. [2016, 2017, 2022]
Q. Define centripetal acceleration and mention the expression for it and explain the terms. Specify
direction of centripetal acceleration. [2023]
Q. Mention two factors on which centripetal acceleration depends [2019]

Numericals:
  
2
1. The position vector of the particle is given by, r = 3.0t i - 2.0t ˆj + 4.0 k where ‘t’ in second ‘r’
in ‘m’. Find:(a) velocity of the particle (b) acceleration (c) magnitude of velocity at t = 2s.
[2013]
–1
2. A cricket ball is thrown at a speed of 56 ms in a direction 30° above the horizontal. Calculate
(a) the maximum height, (b) the time taken by the ball to return to the same level, and (c) the
distance from the thrower to the point where the ball returns to the same level. (g = 9.8 ms-2)
[2014, 2015, 2016, 2019, 2023]

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3. A football player kicks a ball at an angle of 30o to the horizontal with a velocity of 15ms-1.
Assuming that ball travels in a vertical plane. Calculate a) maximum height b) time of flight c)
the horizontal range. (d) the velocity with which it hits the ground at end of its flight (e)
velocity at the highest point and time taken to reach that point. (g = 9.8 ms-2) [2016]
4. A football player kicks a ball at a distance 10m from a vertical pole at an angle of 45 o. The ball
just clears the tip of the pole and falls at a distance of 10m on the other side. Determine the
height of the vertical pole. (g = 9.8 ms-2) [2018]
5. The ceiling of a long hall is 25m high. What is the maximum horizontal distance that a ball
thrown with a speed of 40 ms-1 can go without hitting the ceiling of the hall? (g = 9.8 ms-2)
[2019]
6. A cricketer can throw a ball to a maximum horizontal distance of 100 m. How much high
above the ground can the cricketer throw the same ball? (g = 9.8 ms -2) [2015]
7. A stone tied to the end of a string 80 cm is whirled in a horizontal circle with constant speed. If
the stone makes 14 revolutions in 26 s, then what is the magnitude and direction of the force
on the stone? [2020]

Chapter 4: Laws of Motion:

Q. Define linear momentum. [2015, 2016]

Q. How does linear momentum of a body vary with its mass and velocity [2019]
Q. Why passenger standing in a bus, falls backward when the bus suddenly starts moving. [2013]
Q. Define i) inertia of rest ii) inertia of motion iii) inertia of direction with one example for each.
[2016]
Q. Resistance to the change of state of rest or uniform motion is called inertia [2023]
Q. State Newton’s first law of motion or principle of inertia. [2014, 2018]
Q. State Newton’s II law of motion. [2013, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023]
Q. Define force. [2013]
 
Q. Derive F = m a [2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2023]
Q. 1 newton = _ _ [2023]
–2
1) 1 kg x 1 m s 2) 1 kg m 3) 1 kg x 1 ms -1 4) m s – 2
Q. Write the comparisons of mass and weight. [2016]
Q. State Newton’s III law of motion. [2014]
Q. What is impulsive force? Give example. [2013, 2017, 2019]
Q. What is impulse of force? [2015, 2019]
Q. Show that impulse of force is equal to change in momentum. [2014]
Q. While catching a ball, in order to increase the time of impact and reduce the injury, a cricket
player must [2023]
1) move his hands opposite to the direction of motion of the ball.
2) move his hands in the direction of motion of the ball
3) hit the hands to the ball exactly in opposite direction
4) stop the ball at an instant.
Q. A cricket player lowers his hands while catching a fast moving ball, why? [2016]
Q. State and prove law of conservation of linear momentum. [2016, 2017, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. What is the total external force on a system of particles when its total momentum remains
constant? [2018]
Q. Mention any one of the common forces in mechanics. [2022]

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Q. What is friction? [2017, 2019]
Q. What is static friction? [2014, 2018]
Q. State the laws of static friction. [2018]
Q. What is kinetic friction? [2014, 2016, 2022]
Q. State the laws of kinetic friction. [2015]
Q. Write any three methods of reducing the friction. [2014, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2023]
Q. Explain the advantages of friction. [2013, 2016, 2022]
Q. Mention disadvantages of friction. [2013, 2019, 2020, 2023]
Q. What is the need for banking of roads? [2013]
Q. Obtain the expression for the maximum speed with which a vehicle can safely negotiate a
curved road banked at an angle . [2013]

Numericals:
1. A constant retarding force of 50N is applied to a body of mass 20 kg moving initially with a
speed of 15 ms-1. How long does the body take to stop? [2013]
2. A bullet of mass 0.04 kg moving with a speed of 90 ms-1 enters a heavy wooden block and is
stopped after a distance of 60 cm. What is the average resistive force exerted by the block on
the bullet? How far would the bullet have penetrated if the speed of the bullet had been 120 ms -
1
? [2016, 2022]
3. A constant force acting on a body of mass 3kg changes its speed from 2 ms-1 to 3.5 ms-1 in 25
s. If the direction of motion of the body remains unchanged find the magnitude and direction of
the force? [2019, 2022]
4. A body of mass 20kg moving with a velocity 10 ms-1 collides with another body of mass 40kg
moving with a velocity of 5 ms-1 along the same direction. (i) If both the bodies stick together
after collision find their common velocity. (ii) After the collision, if the heavier body moves
with a velocity 8 ms-1 in the same direction then find the velocity and direction of the lighter
body. [2014]

Chapter 5: Work, Energy and Power

Q. What is meant by “work done by a force”? [2017, 2019]

Q. under what conditions work done by a force is (i) maximum (ii) minimum? [2019]
Q. When is work done by a force positive? [2019]
Q. What is the nature (Positive or negative) of work done by the force, if the applied force and
displacement are in the same direction? [2016]
Q. What does area under force-displacement curve represents? [2020, 2022]
Q. Define kinetic energy [2015]
Q. Obtain the expression for kinetic energy of a body. [2017]
Q. State work-energy theorem. Prove it in the case of a constant force.
[2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. Mention the expression for work done in stretching the spring. [2014]
Q. Define elastic potential energy. Derive an expression for potential energy of a spring. [2019]
Q. Mention the expression for potential energy of a spring. [2013]
Q. State the law of conservation of mechanical energy. Show that the total mechanical energy of a
body falling freely under gravity is conserved. [2014, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2022, 2023]
Q. What is conservative force? Mention two examples. [2013, 2014, 2019]
Q. What is a non-conservative force? Mention two examples. [2014]
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Q. Define power. Mention its SI unit. [2013, 2014, 2018, 2023]
Q. Time rate at which work is done is called [2023]
1) Energy 2) Force 3) momentum 4) power
 
Q. Obtain the expression for power P = F .V [2013, 2014, 2018, 2022]
Q. How many watts are there in 1 hp? [2014, 2023]
Q. Write the dimensional formula of power. [2015]
Q. What is elastic collision? Give an example. [2013, 2015, 2017]
Q. What is inelastic collision? Give an example. [2015, 2016, 2022]
Q. In which type of collision, the two bodies stick together after collision? [2018]
Q. Distinguish between elastic and inelastic collisions. [2018, 2023]
Q. What is collision in one dimension? [2016]
Q. Obtain the expressions for final velocities of two particles undergoing completely inelastic
collision in one-dimension. [2016]
Q. Obtain the expressions for loss in kinetic energy in case of completely inelastic collision in one
dimension. [2022]

Numericals:
1. A car weighing 900 kg moving with a velocity 20 ms-1 is uniformly accelerated with an
acceleration of 20 ms-2 for 10 s. Calculate the work done and the force required to accelerate
the car [2018]
2. A force of 10N acting on a body of mass 5kg displaces it through 2m at an angle of 60° to the
direction of force. Calculate the work done by the external force. [2023]
3. A bullet of mass 40 g enters a block of wood with a velocity of 60 ms-1 and penetrates to a
depth of 60cm. Calculate the average resistive force of the wood to the penetration of the
bullet. [2014, 2015, 2017]
4. A bullet of mass 15g hits a metal plate of thickness 10cm with a velocity of 400ms -1 and
emerges from it with a velocity of 260 ms-1. Find (i) work done (ii) the average resistance
offered by the plate to the motion of bullet. [2017, 2018, 2023]
5. A pump on the ground floor of a building pumps water to fill a tank of volume 30 m3 in 15
minutes. If the tank is 40 m above the ground and efficiency of the pump is 30%, how much
electrical power is consumed by the pump? (Density of water = 1000 kgm –3, g = 9.8 ms-2)
[2013, 2016, 2019, 2022]
6. A man weighing 60 kg climbs to the top of a building 100 m tall in 6 minute. Calculate the
work done by the man and his power. (g = 10 ms-2) [2020]

Chapter 6: Systems of Particles and Rotational motion

Q. What is centre of mass of a body? [2016, 2020]

Q. Mention the expression for the position vector of a centre of mass of two particle system.
[2015, 2016, 2017, 2022]
Q. Where does the centre of mass of a cylinder lie? [2018]
Q. Define rotatory motion. [2014]
Q. Define moment of inertia. [2014, 2016, 2022]
Q. What is the SI unit of moment of inertia? [2016]
Q. Mention any two factors on which moment of inertia of a rigid body depends. [2023]

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Q. Mention the expression for the moment of inertia of a rod of mass M and length 𝑙 about an
axis perpendicular to it through its centre. [2018]
Q. Mention the expression for the moment of inertia of a solid sphere of radius R and mass M
about its diameter. [2019]
Q. Mention the expression for the moment of inertia of a disc about its diameter. Explain the
terms used. [2019]
Q. Define radius of gyration. [2016, 2018]
Q. Write the expression for moment of inertia in terms of radius of gyration. [2018]
Q. Define angular momentum [2018]
Q. Define angular acceleration. [2016, 2019]
Q. Write the kinematic equations for rotational motion of a body with uniform angular
acceleration and explain the terms. [2013]
Q. Write any one equation for rotational motion. [2017]
Q. Define torque or moment of force. [2014, 2016, 2023]
Q. Mention an expression for torque explaining the symbols. Give an example. [2016]
Q. What is the SI unit of torque? [2014, 2023]
Q. Derive the relation between torque and angular momentum of a particle. [2014]
Q. Arrive at the relation between torque and angular momentum. Or
Show that the torque is equal to the rate of change of angular momentum of a particle.
[2013, 2018, 2020, 2022]
Q. State and explain the law of conservation of angular momentum. Explain how it works in the
case of diver. [2014, 2016, 2022, 2023]
Q. An acrobat dancer spins faster when she draws her hands close to the body. This is due to
1) conservation of angular momentum [2023]
2) conservation of linear momentum
3) conservation of energy
4) conservation of mass
Q. Define couple. [2013]
Q. Compare translatory and rotatory motion. [2014]
Q. When does the rigid body is said to be in mechanical equilibrium? Mention the conditions of
mechanical equilibrium of a rigid body. [2013, 2016, 2019, 2022]
Q. A body will be in rotational equilibrium if net [2023]
1) Torque acting on the body is zero
2) Force acting on the body is zero
3) Torque acting on the body is non-zero
4) Force acting on the body is non zero.

Numericals:
1. A solid cylinder of mass 20 kg rotates about its axis with angular speed 100 rads-1. The radius
of the cylinder is 0.25 m. What is the kinetic energy associated with the rotation of the
cylinder? What is the magnitude of angular momentum of the cylinder about its axis?
[2017, 2019]
2. The angular speed of a motor wheel is increased from 1200 rpm to 3120 rpm in 16 seconds. (i)
What is its angular acceleration, assuming the acceleration to be uniform? (ii) How many
revolutions does the engine make during this time? [2015, 2022]
3. A wheel of mass 20 kg and radius 0.3m is rotating at 240rpm. Calculate the kinetic energy lost
by it when its speed falls to 120 rpm. [2023]
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4. The moment of inertia of a grind stone about its axis of rotation is 25 kgm 2. Starting from rest
it acquires a speed of 120 rpm in 10 s. Find the torque acting on it. [2016]
5. A cord of negligible mass is wound round the rim of a fly wheel of mass 20 kg and radius 20
cm. A steady pull of 25 N is applied on the cord. The flywheel is mounted on a horizontal axle
with frictionless bearings.
a) Find the work done by the pull, when 2m of the cord is unwound.
b) Find also the kinetic energy of the wheel at this point. Assume that the wheel starts from
rest.
c) Torque acting on it. [2023]
6. Weighs of 10 kg and 15 kg are suspended from the ends of a light rod 5 m long. At which
point must the rod be suspended by a string to keep it horizontal? [2013]
7. A metre stick is balanced on a knife edge at its centre. When two coins, each of mass 5g are
put one on top of the other at the 12.0 cm mark, the stick is found to be balanced at 45cm.
What is the mass of the metre stick? [2022]

Chapter 7: Gravitation

Q. State and explain Newton’s law of gravitation. [2015, 2017, 2018, 2019]
Q. The value of universal gravitational constant, G is (in Nm2kg-2) [2023]
1) 6.67 x 10-10 2) 6.67 x 10-11 3) 6.67 x 10-12 4) 6.67 x 10-13
Q. Using principle of homogeneity of dimensions check the dimensional consistency of the
42r3
equation T2  where T is time period, G is gravitational constant, M is mass and r is
GM
orbital radius. [2018]
Q. Derive relation between ‘g’ and ‘G’. [2013, 2016, 2019, 2023]
Q. Write the relation between g and G and explain the terms. [2017]
Q. Write the dimensional formula of gravitational constant. [2020]
Q. Derive the expression for g at an altitude h. [2017, 2019, 2022]
Q. Derive the expression for g at a depth d below the earth. [2016, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. How does the acceleration due to gravity vary with increase in depth? [2023]
Q. What is the acceleration due to gravity at the centre of the earth? [2023]
Q. What is the weight of a body at the centre of the earth? [2017]
Q. Define gravitational potential energy of a body. [2016]
Q. Derive the expression for gravitational potential energy of a body. [2013, 2015]
Q. What is orbital velocity of a satellite? [2017]
Q. Obtain the equation for orbital velocity of low altitude orbit satellites. [2013, 2014, 2017]
Q. Write the equation for orbital velocity of a satellite and explain the terms. [2015]
Q. What are earth satellites? [2017]
Q. What is artificial satellite? [2014]
Q. Write any four applications of artificial satellites. [2013, 2014]
Q. Define escape velocity. Mention the expression for escape speed of the body from the surface
of earth and explain the terms. [2013, 2020, 2023]
Q. What is the value of escape speed of a body from the surface of earth. [2023]
Q. Escape speed depends on _ of the planet. [2023]
Q. Write the relation between orbital velocity and escape velocity. [2018]
Q. How does escape speed vary with mass of the body? [2019]
Q. State and explain the Kepler’s law of planetary motion. [2013, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2023]
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Q. Universal law of gravitation was formulated by [2023]
1) Kepler 2) Galileo 3) Henry Cavendish 4) Sir Isaac Newton

Numericals:
1. The acceleration due to gravity on moon is 1.6 ms-2 and its radius is 0.27 times the radius of
the earth. Calculate the ratio of mass of the earth to the mass of the moon. The acceleration due
to gravity on the earth’s surface is 9.8 ms-2. [2014]
2. The mass and diameter of a planet are three times that of the earth. What is the acceleration
due to gravity on the surface of the planet? g on the surface of the earth is 9.8 ms-2 [2018]
3. A body weights 63 N on the surface of the earth. What is the gravitational force on it due to the
earth at a height equal to half of the radius of the earth?
Radius of the earth = 6400 km. [2022]
4. An artificial satellite revolves round the earth with an orbital velocity of 5.92 kms-1. Calculate
the height of the satellite from earth’s surface.
Radius of the earth = 6380 km; Acceleration due to gravity on the earth = 9.8 ms -2 [2019]
5. An artificial satellite is going round the earth close its surface. Find the (i) orbital velocity of
the satellite (ii) period of revolution of the satellite. Radius of earth = 6400km.
g = 9.8 ms–2. [2022]
6. An artificial satellite revolves round the earth at a height 700 km from the surface. Calculate its
kinetic energy, potential energy and total energy.
Mass of satellite = 150 kg, Mass of the earth = 6  1024 kg
Radius of the earth = 6400 km; G = 6.67  10–11 Nm2kg–2 [2018]
7. The size of the planet is same as that of the earth and its mass is four times that of earth. Find
the potential energy of mass 2kg at a height of 2m from the planet. (g = 10 ms-2 on the surface
of the earth. Radius of the earth = 6400 km) [2016]
8. A rocket is fired vertically upwards with a speed of 5 kms-1 from the earth’s surface. How far
from the earth does the rocket go before returning to earth?
Mass of earth = 6 x 1024 kg
Mean radius of the earth = 6.4 x 106 m
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2 kg-2[2014]

Chapter – 8: Mechanical properties of solids

Q. What is meant by elasticity of a body? [2019, 2022]

Q. What are elastic bodies? [2013, 2022]
Q. Define stress. [2016]
Q. Give the S.I. unit of stress. [2014, 2016, 2017]
Q. Define strain. [2016]
Q. What is the unit of strain? [2016]
Q. What is elastic limit? [2016, 2020]
Q. The maximum deforming force upto which a body can retain its property of elasticity. [2023]
a) Bulk modulus b) Elastic limit c) Young's modulus d) Shear modulus
Q. State and explain Hooke’s law. [2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. Define modulus of elasticity. [2019]
Q. Mention three types of moduli of elasticity. [2017]
Q. Define Young’s modulus of elasticity. [2014]

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Q. What is the unit of Young’s modulus of elasticity? [2018]
Q. SI unit of Young’s modulus is [2023]
a) Nm-1 b) Nm c) Nm2 d) Nm-2
Q. Which has more Young’s modulus among rubber and steel? [2023]
Q. Define rigidity or shear modulus of elasticity. [2014]
Q. Define bulk modulus of elasticity. [2014]
Q. Explain the moduli of elasticity. [2015, 2019]
Q. What are elastomers? Give an example. [2022]
Q. Draw typical stress-strain curve for a metal and explain the important features of it.
Locate (i) yield point (ii) fracture point (iii) ultimate tensile strength
Or Explain elastic behaviour of solids. [2014, 2015, 2018, 2022, 2023]

Chapter 9: Mechanical properties of fluids

Q. Is Pressure a scalar or vector quantity? [2014]

Q. Derive the expression for pressure/gauge pressure at a point in a liquid. [2016, 2018, 2023]
Q. What is the pressure exerted by the atmosphere at sea level? [2020]
Q. State Pascal’s law. [2014, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. Mention any two applications of Pascal’s law. [2016, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. Name the device which works on the principle of Pascal’s law. [2013]
Q. What is streamline motion? Give an example. [2017, 2018, 2019]
Q. What is turbulent motion? Give one example [2017]
Q. Distinguish between stream line and turbulent motion [2014, 2022]
Q. State and explain the equation of continuity for a liquid in motion. [2014, 2013]
Q. What is Reynold’s number? [2014, 2019]
Q. State and explain Bernoulli’s theorem. [2013, 2015, 2017, 2022]
Q. Write Bernoulli’s equation and explain the terms. [2022]
Q. Bernoulli’s principle states that as velocity of flow at a point increases, pressure decreases
[2023]
Q. What is the principle behind the uplift of an aeroplane? [2015]
Q. Dynamic lift of aeroplane can be partly explained on the basis of Bernoulli's principle [2023]
Q. What is Magnus effect? [2022]
Q. What do you mean by the word “efflux’’. Prove Torricelli’s law. [2015]
Q. Why does oil form a thin film over the surface of water? [2015]
Q. When is angle of contact a) acute b) obtuse? [2014]
Q. What is meant by viscosity? [2019]
Q. How does the coefficient of viscosity of (i) liquid (ii) gas vary with temperature? [2016, 2019]
Q. For liquids, as temperature increases, coefficient of viscosity [2023]
a) decreases b) increases
c) Remains the same d) first increases and then decreases
Q. Stokes’ law is given by [2023]
a) F = 6av b) F = 6av c) F = 6v d) F = 6avn

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Chapter 10: Thermal properties of matter

Q. Write the relation between Celsius scale and Kelvin scale of temperature? [2018]
Q. Write the relation between Celsius scale and Fahrenheit scale of temperature? [2020]
Q. Convert 30oC to Fahrenheit scale of temperature. [2022]
Q. Convert 100oC to Fahrenheit scale and Kelvin scale of temperature. [2022]
Q. Express 0K in oC. [2023]
Q. Write the expression for coefficient of linear expansion. [2016]
Q. Define Co-efficient of Linear Expansion. [2014]
Q. Explain the meaning of the statement “the coefficient of linear expansion of iron is 1.2×10-4
o -1
C [2013]
Q. How does fractional change in length of a rod, vary with its change in temperature? [2019]
Q. Write the expression for coefficient of superficial expansion. [2016]
Q. If l is coefficient of linear expansion and A is coefficient of area expansion of a metal, then
[2023]
a) l = A b) 2l = A c) 3l = A d) l = 2A
Q. Write the expression for coefficient of volume expansion. [2016]
Q. Derive v = 1/T for ideal gas. [2017, 2018, 2019, 2023]
Q. What will be the pressure of a gas at 0K? [2023]
Q. The density of water is found to be highest at 4C. What is its value? [2016]
Q. At what temperature density of water is maximum? [2019]
Q. Define specific heat of a substance. [2016, 2018]
Q. Give the unit of specific heat in SI system [2013]
Q. Among liquids which is having maximum specific heat? [2015]
Q. What is the value of specific heat of solid at its melting point? [2022]
Q. At what temperature the pressure of an ideal gas becomes zero? [2022]
Q. As pressure increases boiling point[2023]
a) increases b) decreases c) remains same d) none of these
Q. Define heat capacity in terms of specific heat. [2016]
Q. What is the value of universal gas constant? [2013, 2022]
Q. Give an example for a change of state. [2015]
Q. Define latent heat of fusion [2017]
Q. State and explain Boyle's law [2013, 2019]
Q. Mention two types of specific heats of a gas. [2016]
Q. Define a) Molar specific heat of gas at constant volume b) Molar specific heat of gas at
constant pressure. [2014, 2016, 2017]
Q. Write the relation between specific heat capacities of gases. [2014, 2016]
Q. Explain three modes of heat transfer. [2015, 2018]
Q. Define conduction of heat. [2014]
Q. What is the mode of transfer of heat in solids? [2018]
Q. State the law of thermal conductivity. [2015, 2018]
Q. Mention any one factor on which rate of heat flow through a conductor depends. [2022]
Q. The process by which heat is transmitted in liquids is[2023]
a) conduction b) convection c) induction d) Radiation
Q. What is thermal radiation? Give any four properties of thermal (heat) radiation.
[2014, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023]

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Q. According to Stefan's law energy emitted per unit time of a perfect black body is directly
proportional to [2023]
a) square of its absolute temperature b) cube of its absolute temperature.
c) fourth power of its absolute temperature d) Square root of its absolute temperature
Q. State Wein’s displacement law. [2017]
Q. State and explain Newton’s law of cooling [2015, 2016, 2017]
Q. Derive the equation for time of cooling for a given temperature range by using Newton’s law
of cooling. [2013]

Numericals:
1. A brass wire of 1.8 m long at 300 K temperature is held stretched between two rigid supports.
If the wire is cooled to a temperature of 234 K, then what is the tension developed in the wire
if its radius 1 mm? [Given: Coefficient of linear expansion of brass 2 x 10-5 K-1, Young’s
modulus of brass 0.91 x 1011 Pa] [2013]
2. In an experiment on specific heat of a metal, a 0.20 kg block of the metal at 150oC is dropped
in a copper calorimeter (of water equivalent 0.025 kg) containing 150 cm3 of water at 27oC.
The final temperature is 40oC. Compute the specific heat of the metal. If heat losses to the
surroundings are not negligible, is your answer greater or smaller than the actual value for the
specific heat of the metal.
Specific heat of water = 4180Jkg–1K–1, density of water = 1000 kgm-3 [2016]
3. A copper block of mass 2.5 kg is heated in a furnace to a temperature of 500 oC and then placed
on a large ice block. What is the maximum amount of ice that can melt? (Specific heat of
copper = 390 Jkg–1 K – 1, heat of fusion of water = 335 kJkg–1) [2019]
4. When 0.15 kg of ice of 0oC mixed with 0.30 kg of water at 50oC in a container, the resulting
temperature is 6.7oC. Calculate the heat of fusion of ice. (Cwater = 4186 Jkg-1K-1) [2015]
5. Calculate the heat required to convert 3 kg of ice at -12o C kept in a calorimeter to steam at
100oC at atmospheric pressure. Given specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 J kg-1 K-1, specific
heat capacity of water = 4186 J kg-1 K-1, latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.35  105 J kg-1 and
latent heat of steam = 2.256  106 J kg-1. [2022]
6. A metal cylinder of length 0.05 m having its cross sectional area of 0.9 m2 and ends of the
cylinder are kept at 3450 K and 2850 K. Calculate the amount of heat transmitted in 20
minutes from one end at higher temperature to the other end at lower temperature of the
cylinder. Given the thermal conductivity of metal cylinder is 419 Wm -1k-1. [2013]
7. A metal cylinder of length 0.628 m having diameter 0.04 m has one end in boiling water at
100oC and other end in melting ice. Calculate the amount of ice melted in one hour. Given
thermal conductivity of metal cylinder is 378 Wm-1K-1. Latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.36 
105 J kg-1 [2016, 2019]
8. The lower surface of a cubical slab of stone of side 0.1 m is exposed to steam at 373 K and
thick layer of ice covers the upper surface and the other faces are covered by non-conducting
material. If in 40 minutes 0.15 kg of ice melts then find the thermal conductivity for the stone.
(Give latent heat of ice = 336  103 Jkg-1) [2014, 2023]
9. A thermocole ice box is a cheap and efficient method for storing small quantities of cooked
food in summer in particular. A cubical icebox of side 30 cm has a thickness of 5.0 cm. If 4.0
kg of ice is put in the box, estimate the amount of ice remaining after 6 hour. The outside
temperature is 45oC, and coefficient of thermal conductivity of thermocole is 0.01 Wm –1K–1.
[Heat of fusion of ice = 335 kJkg–1] [2017]

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10. Calculate the rate of heat flow through a glass window 2m x 1.5 m area and 3.2 mm thick. The
temperature of the inner and outer surfaces are 15C and 14C respectively.
[K for glass = 0.84 Wm-1K-1] [2020]
11. A man is inside a room where the air temperature is 20oC. If his body temperature is 28oC, find
the rate at which his body loses heat. Assume that the surface of the skin is 2m2 and emissivity
of the skin is 0.97. (Stefan’s constant = 5.67  10-8 Wm-2K-4) [2014]
12. A pan filled with hot food cools from 94oC to 86oC in 2 minutes when the room temperature is
at 20oC. How long will it take to cool from 71oC to 68oC [2022]

Chapter 11: Thermodynamics

Q. What is thermodynamic equilibrium? [2018]

Q. State Charles’ law. [2016, 2018]
Q. Define i) Isothermal process ii) Adiabatic process iii) Isochoric process iv) Isobaric process
[2013]
Q. During isothermal process [2023]
a) No heat energy flows out of the system
b) No heat energy flows into the system
c) There is no change in the internal energy of the system
d) No work is done by the system
Q. In the following equation which one represents isothermal process [2023]
a) PV = constant b) PV = constant c) PV-1 = constant d) PV = constant
Q. Perfect gas equation can be written as (Using symbols of usual meaning) [2023]
a) PV = RT b) PV= R/T c) PV = T/R d) P/V = RT
Q. State zeroth law of thermodynamics [2014, 2019, 2022]
Q. First law of thermodynamics is based on the principle of [2023]
a) conservation of angular momentum b) conservation of linear momentum
c) conservation of temperature d) conservation of energy.
Q. Derive the equation for work done in isothermal process by using I law of Thermodynamics.
[2013, 2014, 2015, 2020, 2022]
Q. Distinguish between isothermal and adiabatic processes. [2016]
Q. What is adiabatic process? Mention one example. [2023]
Q. Distinguish between reversible and irreversible changes with an example. [2016]
Q. State and explain first law of thermodynamics. [2013, 2017]
Q. Using first law of thermodynamics show that work done is equal to heat exchanged in an
isothermal process. [2022]
Q. Mention the limitations of first law of thermodynamics. [2019]
Q. What is the significance of I law of thermodynamics? [2015]
Q. Name some of the thermodynamics process. [2015]
Q. What is Carnot’s engine? Explain the different parts of a Carnot’s heat engine. [2016]
Q. What is a Carnot engine? Explain the Carnot cycle (working of Carnot engine) with PV
diagram. [2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2022, 2023]
Q. Draw the PV – diagram of Carnot cycle of operation indicating the different stages. [2014]
Q. Derive the expression for efficiency of a Carnot’s heat engine. [2023]
Q. State second law of thermodynamics. [2020]

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Numericals:
1. A Carnot engine has an efficiency of 0.3, when the temperature of the sink is 350K. Find the
change in temperature of the source when the efficiency becomes 0.5. [2017]
2. A steam engine delivers 5.4 × 108J of work per minute and serves 3.6 × 109J of heat per minute
from its boiler. What is the efficiency of the engine? How much heat is wasted per minute?
Also find the ratio of temperature of sink to the source. [2013, 2015]
3. A heat engine absorbs 2kJ of heat from a reservoir at 150oC and rejects 0.5 kJ of heat to sink in
one complete cycle. Find (i) efficiency (ii) temperature of the sink (iii) work done by the heat
engine during each cycle (iv) efficiency of the engine if the temperature of the sink is further
decreased by 50K. [2018, 2020]

Chapter 12: Kinetic Theory of gases

Q. State any four postulates of kinetic theory of ideal gases.

[2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2022, 2023]
Q. Arrive at an expression for pressure of an ideal gas. [2014]
Q. What is ideal gas? [2015]
Q. Write ideal gas equation and explain the terms. [2022]
Q. How does average kinetic energy of a gas molecule depend on absolute temperature of the gas?
[2015, 2018]
Q. Kinetic energy of a gas molecule is directly proportional to absolute temperature [2023]
Q. What is meant by degrees of freedom? [2013, 2014, 2018, 2019]
Q. State and explain the law of equipartition of energy. [2014, 2015]
Q. In thermal equilibrium the total energy of a gas equally distributed among all the degrees of
freedom [2023]
Q. Give the expressions for the average energy of a monatomic and diatomic molecule. [2013]
Q. Write the expression for the energy associated with (i) mono (ii) diatomic molecule. [2018]
Q. Write the number of degrees of freedom in monoatomic gas molecules? [2022, 2023]
Q. Write the number of degrees of freedom in diatomic gas molecules? [2014, 2018, 2022, 2023]
Q. Mention the degree of freedom for a linear triatomic gas molecule [2017]
Q. Calculate the rms velocity of hydrogen at STP given density of hydrogen = 0.09 kgm -3. [2013]
Q. Define mean free path of a gas molecule. [2016, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2022]
Q. On what factor does mean free path of a gas molecule depend? [2022]

Chapter-13: Oscillations

Q. What is a periodic motion? Give an example. [2014, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2022]
Q. On an average a human heart is found to beat 75 times in a minute. Calculate its frequency and
period. [2022]
Q. Define simple harmonic motion. Give an example. [2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2023]
Q. Write any two characteristics of SHM. [2013, 2016, 2017, 2020]
Q. Among the following which is not a characteristic of SHM? [2023]
a) It is a periodic motion
b) It is to and fro motion of a particle from its mean position
c) Acceleration of the particle is directly proportional to its displacement
d) Acceleration is directly proportional to its square root of the displacement

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Q. Write the equation for displacement of a particle of a simple harmonic wave. Explain the
terms. [2015, 2023]
Q. Give graphical representation of SHM Or Draw displacement-time graph of a particle
executing SHM. [2017, 2023]
Q. Define the term a) period b) frequency of periodic motion. [2015, 2016, 2019]
Q. Mention S.I unit of frequency [2016]
Q. Define phase of a particle. [2013]
Q. Write the relation between time period and frequency of oscillation. [2018]
Q. At what point velocity of a particle in simple harmonic motion is maximum? [2022]
Q. a) State force law for simple harmonic motion
k
b) Derive  = in the case of SHM of a particle. [2016]
m
Q. Show that acceleration a = 2x by assuming equation for displacement of SHM. [2013]
Q. Derive the expression for the kinetic energy and potential energy and total energy of a
harmonic oscillator. [2014, 2023]
Q. Where is the kinetic energy of a particle executing SHM (i) maximum (ii) minimum? [2018]

Q. Draw graphical representation of variation of potential energy, kinetic energy and total energy
of a particle in SHM as a function of displacement. [2022]
Q. Arrive at an expression for the time period of a simple pendulum.
[2014, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2022]
Q. Period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is [2023]
a) directly proportional to the length of the pendulum
b) directly proportional to the square root of length of the pendulum
c) inversely proportional to the length of the pendulum .
d) inversely proportional to the square root of length of the pendulum
Q. Write the expression for time period of oscillations of simple pendulum and explain the terms
used. [2014]
Q. Mention the expression for the period of oscillation of a spring and explain the terms. [2017]

Numericals:
1. A spring compressed by 0.2 m develops a restoring force of 25 N. A body of mass 5 kg is
placed over it. Calculate (i) force constant of the spring (ii) elongation of the spring under the
weight of the body (iii) period of oscillation if the body is disturbed (g = 10 ms -2) [2017]
2. A body suspended from a spring balance, when displaced and released, oscillates with a period
of 0.6 s. What is the weight of the body? [Given: Spring constant of the spring = 2450 Nm -1.
Acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 ms-2] [2013]
3. A body executes SHM along the Y-axis its displacement varies with time according to the
equation y = 1.5 sin (100 t), where y is in metre and t in second. Calculate (a) amplitude (b)
period (c) frequency of motion of the particle (d) maximum velocity and maximum
acceleration of the particle. [2013, 2019]

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Chapter 14: Waves

Q. What are mechanical waves? Give examples. [2013]

Q. Sound is a mechanical wave is [2023]
Q. Can mechanical waves travel through vacuum? [2015]
Q. What property of the medium is essential for the propagation of mechanical wave? [2013]
Q. What is a transverse wave? Give one example. [2022]
Q. Give any five differences between longitudinal wave and transverse wave.
[2013, 2015, 2022, 2023]
Q. Define wave amplitude. [2017]
Q. What is the frequency of a wave of period 1 second? [2017]
Q. Mention the relation between wave frequency, wavelength and wave velocity. [2016]
Q. What is Newton’s formula for the speed of sound in a gas? What is Laplace’s correction?
Explain. [2015, 2017, 2020, 2022]
Q. According to Newton, as the sound wave travels in a gas, changes in pressure and volume are
[2023]
a) isothermal b) Adiabatic c) isobaric d) isochoric
Q. According to Laplace correction sound travels in a gas as [2023]
a) Adiabatic b) isothermal c) Isobaric d) Isochoric
Q. Write Newton’s formula for speed of sound in air. [2017]
Q. State and explain principle of superposition of waves. [2013, 2015]
Q. What are beats? [2018, 2020]
Q. Give the theory of beats. [2014]
Q. How does the beats arise? [2015]
Q. Mention any two applications of beats. [2018, 2020]
Q. What is node in stationary waves? [2019]
Q. The point in a standing wave where the amplitude of the particle is zero is called nodes [2023]
Q. What is antinode in stationary waves? What is the distance between two consecutive antinodes
in a stationary wave? [2023]
Q. Distinguish between stationary waves and progressive waves. [2013, 2017, 2019, 2023]
Q. What is a closed pipe? Discuss the modes of vibration of air column in a closed pipe.
[2015, 2016, 2019, 2022]
Q. What is an open pipe? Obtain the relation between fundamental frequency and overtones in an
open pipe. [2016, 2018]
Q. Write the expression for speed of transverse wave on stretched string. [2019]
Q. Write the expression for fundamental frequency of vibration of a stretched string. How many
nodes are formed in fundamental mode? [2023]
Q. How does frequency of transverse vibration of string, depend on the length of the loop? [2016]

Numericals:
1. Progressive wave is represented by equation y = 0.002 sin (20x – 7t), where x, y are in metre
and t is in second. Find (a) period (b) frequency (c) Wavelength and (d) Wave velocity of
progressive wave. [2014]
2. Progressive wave is represented by equation y = 2sin(40t – 2x), where x, y are in metre and t
is in second. Find (a) frequency (b) Wavelength and (c) Wave velocity of progressive wave
[2018]
3. Progressive wave is represented by equation y = 0.2sin(50t – 0.5x), where x, y are in metre and
16 | P a g e
 t is in second. Find (a) amplitude (b) angular frequency (c) Wavenumber (d) speed of
progressive wave [2023]
4. A transverse harmonic wave travelling along +x-axis on a string is described by

y(x, t) = 0.03 sin(36t – 1.8x + ) where x and y are in m and t in second.
4
Calculate (a) amplitude (b) initial phase (c) frequency (d) speed of the wave [2019]
5. A wave travelling along a string is described by, y (x, t) = 0.005 sin (80.0 x – 3.0 t), in which
the numerical constants are in SI units. Calculate (a) amplitude (b) wavelength (c) period (d)
frequency of the wave. Also, calculate the displacement y of the wave at a distance x = 30.0
cm and time t = 20 s? [2015, 2022]
6. Calculate the velocity of sound in air at 25oC and 76 cm of mercury pressure, if the density of
air at 0oC and 76 cm of mercury pressure is 1.29 kgm-3,  = 1.41 [2016]
7. Two pipes of same diameter, one closed at one end and other open at both the ends are 0.75 m
and 1.56 m long when sounded together 17 beats are heard in 4s. Calculate their frequencies.
[2013]
8. A steel rod 100 cm long is clamped at its middle. The fundamental frequency of longitudinal
vibrations of the rod is given to be 2.53kHz. What is the speed of sound in steel? [2016]

*********

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