NAME-------------------------------------------------------------- ADM NO------------------

SCHOOL----------------------------------------------------------- SIGN----------------------

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312/1
GEOGRAPHY
PAPER 1
TIME: 23/4 HOURS
AUGUST-2023

CEKENAS END OF TERM TWO EXAM-2023

FORM FOUR EXAM
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education. (K.C.S.E)
Geography paper 1
312/1

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above
2. Sign and write date of examination in the space provided.
3. This paper consists of TWO sections A and B
4. Answer ALL questions in Section A. In section B answer QUESTION 6 and any other
TWO.
5. All answers MUST be written in the spaces provided at the end of question 10.
6. Answer all questions in English.
For Examiners Use Only
Section Questions Maximum Score Candidates Score
A 1–5 25
B 6 25
25
25
TOTAL SCORE 100

 CEKENA2023 FORM FOUR 1 GEOGRAPHY 312/1 TURN OVER

 SECTION A

1. (a) What is geography (2marks)

(b) Give two types of environment (2marks)

2. The diagram below represents the structure of the earth. Use it to answer the questions.

(a) Name:

(i) the part marked P and R (2marks)

(ii) three features that makes up part marked Q (3marks)

3. (a) Differentiate between folding and faulting (2marks)

(b) Name three relief features formed as a result of folding (3marks)

4. (a) Apart from physical weathering, give two other types of weathering (2marks)

(b) List four physical weathering processes that takes place in Arid areas (4marks)

5. (a) What is drainage pattern

(2marks)

(b) Give three types of drainage system (3marks)

SECTION B

Answer question 6 and any other TWO questions from this section

6. Study the map of Kisumu East 1:50,000 (sheet 116/2) provided and answer the questions

(a)(i) What type of map is Kisumu East map extract? (1mark)

(ii) Give the latitudinal and longitudinal position of the North West corner of the map (2marks)

(iii) what is the general direction of the flow of the river Ombeyi (1marks)

(iv) Apart from rivers identify two any other drainage features in the area covered by the map
(2marks)

(b) Give the six figure grid reference of the trigonometrical station SKP 14 in the North Eastern part
of the area covered by the map (2marks)

 CEKENA2023 FORM FOUR 2 GEOGRAPHY 312/1 TURN OVER

(c) (i) Using a vertical scale of 1cm to represent 100 meters, draw a cross section from grid reference
960980 to grid reference 030980 (4marks)

(ii) On the cross-section, mark and name the following

Rivers (1mark)

Dry weather road (1mark)

Steep slope (1mark)

(iii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration (VE) of the section (2marks)

(d) (i) Citing evidence from the map, identify two social services offered in Kisumu municipality

(4marks)

(ii) Citing evidence from the map explains two factors that favour the establishment of plantation in
the area covered by the map (4marks)

7(a)(i) Give two examples of non-metallic minerals (2marks)

(ii) Describe the following characteristics of minerals

Colour (2marks)

Hardness (2marks)

Lustre (2marks)

(b) (i) Give two forms of metamorphism (2marks)

(ii) List three examples of metamorphism (3marks)

(c) (i) Describe the formation of plutonic rocks (3marks)

(ii) State two conditions necessary for the growth of coral polyps (2marks)

(d) You are planning to carry out a field study on study on rocks within the local environment

(i) Formulate three objectives of your study (3marks)

(ii) For your field study, you have prepared a work schedule. State two items you would include in
the schedule (2marks)

(iii) Give two methods of data collection you will use while in field
(2marks)

 CEKENA2023 FORM FOUR 3 GEOGRAPHY 312/1 TURN OVER

8 (a) what is lava (2marks)

(b) The diagram below shows some intrusive volcanic features

(i) Name the features marked X, Y and Z (3marks)

(ii) Describe how the following features are formed

Sill (4marks)

Lopolith (4marks)

(c) Describe the composition of composite volcano (4marks)

(d) Explain four ways in which volcanic features influence human activity (8marks)

Q9 (a) Define an ocean (2marks)

(ii) State three types of seas (3marks)

(b) (i) Give three characteristics of the continental shelf (3marks)

(ii) Describe the following processes of wave erosion along the coast

Abrasion (2marks)

Hydraulic action (2marks)

Solution (2marks)

(c) The diagram below shows a breaking sea wave; use it to answer the questions below

 CEKENA2023 FORM FOUR 4 GEOGRAPHY 312/1 TURN OVER

(i) Name the features marked H, J, K
(3marks)

(ii) With the aid of well labeled diagrams describe the process through which a stack is formed (8marks)

Q10 (a) what is soil (2marks)

(b) (i) List three components of soil (3marks)

(ii) Explain how the following factors influence soil formation

Parent rock (4marks)

Topography (4marks)

(c) Draw a well labeled diagram of mature soil profile (4marks)

(d) Explain four ways in which human activities may lead to soil erosion (8marks)

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