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    Group 1 Highway Alignment

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    Group 1 Highway Alignment

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    Group+1+Highway+Alignment+

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    3 views33 pages

    Group 1 Highway Alignment

    Uploaded by

    57jfvp4zwx

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 33

    Highway Alignment, Surveys

    and Different types of Roads


    in the Philippines and Abroad

    BY GROUP 1:
    LANCE R. ENRIQUEZ
    REYN ANDRE B. GUEVARA
    HANS GABRIEL C. DELOS SANTOS
    LANCE F. PALOMENO
    RANNIEL N. SAN JOSE
    HIGHWAY ALIGNMENT
    HIGHWAY ALIGNMENT

    Highway alignment refers to the planned


    path or route of a highway as it traverses through
    a specific area. This involves both the horizontal
    alignment (the path of the highway in a plan view)
    and the vertical alignment (the elevation changes
    or profile of the highway).
    TYPES OF HIGHWAY
    ALIGNMENT
    VERTICAL ALIGNMENT

    Viewing a road alignment from a perspective


    front or side helps you understand vertical
    alignment. Leveling, slope analysis, and analysis of
    gradients happen in Vertical Alignment.
    HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT

    Whether a road is straight or curved, this covers


    its horizontal path. Viewed from the top, the
    alignment of a road is horizontal.
    TYPES OF HIGHWAY ALIGNMENT
    REQUIREMENTS OF HIGHWAY ALIGNMENT

    Safety
    Traffic Flow
    Cost and Construction
    Social Impact
    Sustainability
    Environmental Considerations
    Legal and Regulatory Compliance
    IMPORTANCE OF HIGHWAY
    ALIGNMENT
    IMPORTANCE

    Highway alignment is crucial for several


    reasons, impacting safety, efficiency, cost,
    and environmental considerations.
    IMPORTANCE OF HIGHWAY
    ALIGNMENT TO CIVIL ENGINEERS
    IMPORTANCE

    The design and planning of highway


    alignment typically fall within the expertise
    of several types of civil engineers,
    transportation engineers, geotechnical
    engineers, structural engineers, etc.
    HIGHWAY
    SURVEYS
    Highway Surveys

    Highway surveys are essential for


    assessing the condition, safety, and
    functionality of road networks. They
    involve systematic data collection on
    various aspects of highways, including
    traffic volume, road surface conditions,
    and safety features.
    Main objectives of highway surveying

    1. Assessment of road conditions


    is a critical process that involves evaluating the quality and safety of
    road surfaces. This assessment can be conducted through various
    methods
    Methods of assessment of road conditions

    1. Automated Surveys
    Utilizing specialized vehicles equipped with lasers and cameras,
    automated surveys can measure different aspects of the road surface,
    such as roughness and surface distress.
    Methods of assessment of road conditions

    2. Manual Inspections

    Trained surveyors perform visual inspections to assess road conditions,


    particularly on local roads. This method helps identify visible issues that
    may not be captured by automated systems.
    Main objectives of highway surveying

    2. Traffic Analysis
    is the systematic study of vehicle movement and flow on roadways to
    identify patterns, assess congestion levels, and inform transportation
    planning for improved road safety and efficiency.
    Main objectives of highway surveying

    3. Safety Evaluation
    Involves systematically assessing road designs, traffic control
    devices, and roadway conditions to identify potential hazards
    and improve safety for all road users.
    Main objectives of highway surveying

    4. Planning and Design


    This phase includes analyzing traffic patterns, environmental impacts, and
    land use to create a comprehensive plan that meets current and future
    transportation needs.
    TYPES OF
    HIGHWAY SURVEYS
    TYPES OF HIGHWAY SURVEYS

    1. Traffic Surveys
    are systematic data collection efforts that measure vehicle and
    pedestrian movements, helping to analyze traffic patterns and
    inform transportation planning decisions.
    TYPES OF HIGHWAY SURVEYS

    2. Pavement Condition Surveys


    are systematic evaluations that assess the surface quality and
    structural integrity of roadways by identifying and quantifying
    various types of surface distresses, such as cracks and potholes.
    TYPES OF HIGHWAY SURVEYS

    3. Geometric Surveys
    These surveys assess critical factors such as horizontal and
    vertical alignments, sight distances, and super elevation, which
    are essential for optimizing traffic flow and minimizing accidents
    TYPES OF HIGHWAY SURVEYS

    4. Safety Surveys

    These surveys involve analyzing accident data, evaluating road


    conditions, and examining traffic patterns to pinpoint areas that
    may require improvements, such as better signage, lighting, or
    road design modifications.
    HIGHWAY SURVEY METHODS

    Manual Counts
    Observers record vehicle counters
    and types

    Automated Traffic Counters


    Electronic devices installed on roadways to
    continuously monitor traffic
    HIGHWAY SURVEY METHODS

    Drones and
    Aerial Surveys
    Utilize UAVs for high-resolution imagery
    and data collection over large areas

    Mobile Mapping Systems


    Equip vehicles with sensors to capture
    detailed road characteristics and conditions
    CHALLENGES OF HIGHWAY SURVEYS

    Data Accuracy Public Cooperation


    Ensuring the reliability of collected Engaging road users for data
    data amidst changing conditions collection can be difficult

    ex: Measurement Errors ex: Traffic Disruptions


    Environmental Conditions Privacy Concerns

    Funding and Resources Technological Limitations


    Limited budgets can restrict the High costs and maintenance of
    scope and frequency of surveys sophisticated equipment can
    hinder implementation
    ex: High Costs
    Limited Budget ex: Equipment Malfunctions
    Integration Issues
    Different Types of Road in the
    Philippines and Abroad
    1. National Primary Road
    roads which form parts of the main trunkline system and
    directly connect three or more major cities and metropolitan
    areas with a population of at least 100,000.
    2. National Secondary Road
    The national secondary roads are roads that complement the
    primary roads and provide access to other major population
    centers. They directly link smaller cities and provincial
    capitals, airports, seaports, military bases and tourist
    centers to the primary roads.
    Different Types of Road in the
    Philippines and Abroad
    3. National Tertiary Road
    Road maintained by the DPWH which are local in importance.
    No route numbers. The classification is introduced in 2014 after
    an abandoned plan to relinquish maintenance and funding of
    national secondary roads of local importance to local
    governments.
    4. Provincial Road
    Provincial Roads cater to intraregional transport
    needs, connecting cities and municipalities without
    crossing national roads.
    Different Types of Road in the
    Philippines and Abroad
    5. Municipality and City Road
    Municipal and City Roads are within urban centers (poblacions)
    and connect to provincial and national roads, facilitating local
    mobility and access to services by enhancing accessibility to
    major municipal and city infrastructure and facilitating inter-
    barangay travel.
    6. Barangay Road
    Barangay Roads refer to the local roads within barangays,
    providing essential connectivity within communities and to major
    municipal infrastructure. It covers public roads within barangays
    (villages) that are not classified under other road categories.
    These roads play a vital role in local mobility and accessibility
    Different Types of Road in the
    Philippines and Abroad
    7. Express Ways
    Expressways are high-speed highways with limited access,
    featuring interchanges and sometimes tolls for passage.

    8. Bypasses
    Bypasses are roads or highways designed to divert traffic away
    from built-up areas, reducing congestion and improving road
    safety.
    THANK YOU!!

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