Polymers QB With Answers

Unit-1 POLYMERS
2 MARKS QUESTIONS:
1Q.What are polymers.List out some examples?
1A. Polymer is a complex substance formed by composition of monomer by heat,
temperature, pressure or catalyst. Example-teflon, bakelite, polyethene, PVC.
2Q. Define polymerization with suitable examples?
2A. The process which is involves linking of two or more smaller molecules of same or
different types with or without the elimination of small molecules like H2O, NH3 etc.,
resulting in the formation of new linkages. Example addition polymerization and
condensation polymerization.
3Q. Describe the polymerization involved in thermosetting plastics?
3A. The polymerization involved in thermosetting plastics is condensation polymerization. In
condensation polymerization, the chain growth is accompanied by the elimination of small
molecules in the form of the water molecules or NH3 or methanol molecules (CH3OH).
4Q. Explain co-polymerization with suitable example?
4A. The polymerization reaction in which a mixture of more than one monomeric species is
allowed to polymerize to form a copolymer ex:a mixture of 1,3—butadiene and styrene can
form a copolymer.
5Q. What is crystallinity? mention the factors affecting crystallinity?
5A. The degree to which the molecules of a polymers are arranged in an ordered pattern w.r.t
each other is a measure of crystallinity.
Factors effecting crystallinity:
1.Molecular weight
2.Structure
3.Intermolecular forces of attraction
6Q Define glass transition temperature. How does it vary with molecular weight and steric
effects?
6A.The temperature at which amorphous polymers undergoes a transition from a brittle
glassy amorphous solid to a rubbery, viscous amorphous liquid is called glass transition
temperature. It increses with increase in molecular weight and steric effect
7Q What is glassy state? In which polymers it is observed?
7A. Glassy state: Non-crystalline state of polymer that appears solid on a short time scale but
continuously relaxes towards liquid state. It is found in amorphous materials.
8Q. Give any two differences between glass transition temperature and melting point?
8A. TG:1.It is the property of the amorphous region
2.Below tg it is disordered amorphous soild with immobile molecules
3.above tg it is disordered amorphous solid in which portion of molecules can wiggle
TM:1.It is the property of crystalline region
2.below tm it is crystalline solid
3.Above tm it is disorderly melt
9Q. What is meant by viscoelasticity? How does it influence the behavior of polymers?
9A.Viscioelasticity is the property of materials that display both elastic and viscous property
at the same time when undergoing deformation. Polymeric materials exhibit this property. At
low temperature they behave like elastic material and at high temperature they are viscous,at
intermediate temperature they demonstrate a rubbery solid behaviour.
10Q. Outline the factors influencing the solubility of polymers?
10A.The factors influencing the solubility of polymers are:
 Nature of the polymer & solvent (polar & non-polar)i.e a polymer is more soluble in
structurally similar solvent.
 Molecular weight of polymer (increase in molecular weight decreases the solubility)
 Packing density of polymer( crystalline & amorphous: dense packing implies less
penetration of solvent molecules into crystalline polymers which exhibit resistance
than amorphous polymers towards solubility).
 Chain flexibility of polymer (linear & cross-linked:linear polymers dissolve readily
because the solvent gets between the chains easily. Cross-linked polymers only swell
but do not dissolve.Greater the cross-linking, lesser is its solubility.
11Q. Write the merits & demerits of using plastics in place of metals.
11A. (write it in ur own words)
12Q. Thermoplastics are weaker than thermosetting resins. Explain.?
12A. thermoplastics are weaker than thermosetting resins because tp has long chain polmers
where as tsp has 3d network and has cross linking polymers
13Q. Compare and contrast compression moulding against extrusion moulding.?
13A. Compression moulding
● Moulding much preferred for thermosetting plastics.

● Parameters to be considered:
1. The quantity of molding material
2. Pressure of the molding process :Range of pressure 100-500 kg/cm2
3. Mold temperature: 100 C- 200 C
4. Cure time variables: The period required to harden thermosetting material to partial
and complete polymerization is called cure time.
● Used both for thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics.
EXTRUSION MOULDING:
It is process to make parts of continuous length and uniform cross-section.
● The machine used to extrude materials is very

similar to an injection molding machine.
● A motor turns a screw which feeds granules of plastic through a heater.
● The granules melt into a liquid which is forced through a die, forming
along 'tube like' shape.
● The shape of the die determines the shape of the tube.
● The extrusion is then cooled and forms a solid shape.
14Q. Teflon is an addition polymer, but behaves as a thermoset. Give reasons.?

14A. Teflon even it undergoes addition polymerization it behaves as thermoset because it has
more density, chemically inert and has high melting temperature.
15Q. Write the monomers involved in the preparation of the plastic used in making
transparencies for overhead projector and storage of carbonated beverages.?
15A.The plastic used for making transparencies for overhead projectors and storage of
carbonated beverages is polyethylene terephthalate (PET). And the monomer involved in
preparation of (PET) is dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol
16Q. Which type of polymerization occurs in polycarbonate? Give its monomers.
16A.Condensation polymerization occurs in polycarbonate and its monomers are
bisphenol-a and diphenyl carbonate (write the structures).
17Q. Justify the use of PMMA as an alternative to glass.?
17A.PMMA can also be used as an alternative to glass because it is stong and light weight it
has good impact strength, it transmits upto 92% of light and filters uv rays, it has high
softening temperature and excellent weathering properties.
18Q. What is the role of hexamethylene-tetraamine in the preparation of Bakelite?
18A. the role of hexamethlene-tetraamine in preparation of bakelite is, It provides
formaldehyde which converts the soluble and fusible novolac into a hard infusible and
insoluble solid of cross-linked structure
19Q. Bakelite is used in the electrical appliances? Give reasons.
19A. Rigid, hard, scratch resistant insoluble solid
• Resistant to acids, organic solvents, but attacked by alkalis
• Withstands high temperatures
• Excellent electrical insulator
20Q. Suggest suitable plastic materials for the following applications.
1) riot shields 2) water bottles 3) non-stick cook ware 4) switches.
20A.1.PMMA 2.PET 3.teflon 4. Bakelite
21Q. Write down the monomers involved in the resin used for making of panel boards?
21A.Urea formaldehyde is the polymer involved in making of panel boards and the
monomers are urea and formaldehyde (write the structures).
22Q. Conducting polymers are used in electrochromic displays and optical filters. Justify?
22A. Polymers which can conduct electricity are termed as conducting polymers. They can
change their color in response to change in temperature or amount of sunlight. The color
changes from transparent yellow-green to blue-black.
23Q. List out the features responsible for the extensive use of FRPs in various sectors?
23A. the features responsible for the extensive use of FRPs in various sectors is
 More economical
 Light in weight
 High strength & stiffness
 Resistance against fatigue
 Stronger & durable than steel & Al
 Design flexibility
 Good corrosion resistance
 Simple repair of damaged structures

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Unit-1 POLYMERS

● Moulding much preferred for thermosetting plastics.

● The machine used to extrude materials is very

14Q. Teflon is an addition polymer, but behaves as a thermoset. Give reasons.?

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