Science 4 Reviewer

SCIENCE 4 REVIEWER
Lesson 4.1: Human Body Systems
The human body has several systems, each with specific functions that work together to keep us alive
and healthy.
1. Circulatory System:
o Function: Transports blood, oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body.
o Main Organs: Heart, blood, and blood vessels (arteries and veins).
o Example: The heart pumps blood, carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body and
carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
2. Respiratory System:
o Function: Responsible for breathing and gas exchange.
o Main Organs: Lungs, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm.
o Example: When we inhale, the lungs take in oxygen; when we exhale, we release carbon
dioxide.
3. Digestive System:
o Function: Breaks down food into nutrients the body can use for energy, growth, and
repair.
o Main Organs: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas.
o Example: The stomach uses acids to break down food before it enters the intestines for
nutrient absorption.
4. Muscular System:
o Function: Allows movement of the body and maintains posture.
o Main Organs: Muscles (skeletal, smooth, and cardiac).
o Example: Skeletal muscles help us walk, run, and lift objects.
5. Nervous System:
o Function: Controls body activities and processes sensory information.
o Main Organs: Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
o Example: The brain sends signals through nerves to move muscles or respond to stimuli.
Lesson 4.2: Root and Shoot Systems in Plants

Plants have two main systems: root and shoot systems, which help them grow, get nutrients, and
reproduce.
1. Root System:
o Function: Anchors the plant to the ground, absorbs water and nutrients from the soil.
o Main Parts: Roots, root hairs.
o Example: Carrot plants have thick roots that store nutrients for the plant.
2. Shoot System:
o Function: Supports the plant above the ground, involved in photosynthesis,

reproduction, and transporting nutrients.
o Main Parts: Stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
o Example: Sunflowers have a tall stem and broad leaves for maximum sunlight
absorption.
3. Stem:
o Function: Supports the plant, transports water and nutrients from the roots to other
parts.
o Example: In trees, the trunk is a strong, woody stem that supports branches and leaves.
4. Leaves:
o Function: Primary site of photosynthesis, where the plant makes its food.
o Example: Banana plants have large leaves that help capture a lot of sunlight for food
production.
5. Flowers:
o Function: Reproductive part of the plant, involved in pollination and seed production.
o Example: Flowers like roses attract pollinators such as bees, which help in fertilization.
Lesson 5.1: Animal Habitat
A habitat is the natural environment where an animal lives, providing it with food, shelter, and a place to
reproduce.
1. Forest Habitat:
o Description: Dense areas with many trees, plants, and diverse animal species.
o Examples of Animals: Deer, wolves, owls, and bears.
2. Desert Habitat:
o Description: Dry areas with extreme temperatures and little water.
o Examples of Animals: Camels, snakes, scorpions, and lizards.
3. Aquatic Habitat:
o Description: Water environments like oceans, rivers, and lakes.
o Examples of Animals: Fish, dolphins, crabs, and sharks.
4. Grassland Habitat:
o Description: Open areas with grasses and few trees, often used by grazing animals.
o Examples of Animals: Lions, zebras, giraffes, and antelopes.
5. Polar Habitat:
o Description: Cold environments found at the poles, with ice and snow.
o Examples of Animals: Polar bears, penguins, seals, and Arctic foxes.
Lesson 5.2: Plant Habitats
Plants also live in various habitats, adapting to their environment to survive.
1. Rainforest Habitat:
o Description: Warm, moist areas with dense trees and high biodiversity.
o Examples of Plants: Orchids, ferns, and large trees like mahogany.
2. Desert Habitat:
o Description: Dry areas with little rainfall; plants here conserve water.
o Examples of Plants: Cacti, succulents, and small shrubs.
3. Wetland Habitat:
o Description: Water-rich areas like swamps and marshes, often flooded.
o Examples of Plants: Water lilies, reeds, and mangroves.
4. Grassland Habitat:
o Description: Open areas dominated by grasses with few trees.
o Examples of Plants: Grasses, wildflowers, and some shrubs.
5. Mountain Habitat:
o Description: High-altitude areas with cold temperatures.
o Examples of Plants: Pine trees, mosses, and alpine wildflowers.

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SCIENCE 4 REVIEWER

Lesson 4.1: Human Body Systems

o Function: Responsible for breathing and gas exchange.

o Main Organs: Lungs, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm.

o Main Organs: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas.

o Function: Allows movement of the body and maintains posture.

o Main Organs: Muscles (skeletal, smooth, and cardiac).

o Example: Skeletal muscles help us walk, run, and lift objects.

o Function: Controls body activities and processes sensory information.

o Main Organs: Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Lesson 4.2: Root and Shoot Systems in Plants

o Main Parts: Roots, root hairs.

o Function: Supports the plant above the ground, involved in photosynthesis,

o Main Parts: Stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits.

Lesson 5.1: Animal Habitat

o Examples of Animals: Deer, wolves, owls, and bears.

o Examples of Animals: Camels, snakes, scorpions, and lizards.

o Description: Water environments like oceans, rivers, and lakes.

o Examples of Animals: Fish, dolphins, crabs, and sharks.

o Examples of Animals: Lions, zebras, giraffes, and antelopes.

o Examples of Animals: Polar bears, penguins, seals, and Arctic foxes.

Lesson 5.2: Plant Habitats

Plants also live in various habitats, adapting to their environment to survive.

o Examples of Plants: Orchids, ferns, and large trees like mahogany.

o Examples of Plants: Cacti, succulents, and small shrubs.

o Description: Water-rich areas like swamps and marshes, often flooded.

o Examples of Plants: Water lilies, reeds, and mangroves.

o Description: Open areas dominated by grasses with few trees.

o Examples of Plants: Grasses, wildflowers, and some shrubs.

o Description: High-altitude areas with cold temperatures.

o Examples of Plants: Pine trees, mosses, and alpine wildflowers.

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