The Sequences of Tenses.

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The Sequences of Tenses

He says (that) he He said (that) he


1. translates the text with his 1. translated the text with his brother
brother
2. translated the text yesterday 2. had translated the text the day
before
3. will translate the text 3. would translate the text next day
tomorrow
4. is translating the text now 4. was translating the text then
5. has already translated the text 5. had already translated the text

Зміна часів в підрядних реченнях

Present Indefinite Past Indefinite

Present Continuous Past Continuous

Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Past Indefinite

Future Indefinite Future in the Past

Present Perfect
Continuous Past Perfect Continuous
Reported commands

“Don’t move! Stop! ”


He told them not to move and to stop
He ordered them

Keep quiet! Don’t make noise!


He told me to keep quiet and not to
He asked me make noise

Reported questions
He asked (me).
General questions He wanted to know.
He did not know.
He wondered.
“Are you happy? I was happy.
“Do you play chess?” if I played chess.
“Does she work at school?” She worked at school.
“Is he watching TV?” whether He was watching TV.
“Have you done our homework?” I had done my homework.
“Did you skate last winter?” I had skated the winter before.
“Will she come tomorrow?” She would come the next day.
He asked (me).
Special questions He wanted to know.
He did not want to know.
He wondered.
“Why are you late?” Why I was late.
“Where does she live?” Where she lived.
“What are they doing?” What they were doing.
“What have you bought?” What I had bought.
“When did you start learning When I had started learning English.
English?” Where I would go.
“Where will you go?”
Модальні дієслова

will would
must\have had to
can could
may might

Зміна обставин часу при перетворенні прямої


мови в непряму

Direct speech Reported speech

today that day


now then
yesterday the day before
tomorrow the next day
ago before
this that
these those
here there
tonight that night
last year the year before
last month the month before
next the next
the day after tomorrow two days later
the day before yesterday two days before

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