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    Gen-Bio-Anaclito-10-24-2024 - CA

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    General Biology

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    Gen-Bio-Anaclito-10-24-2024 - CA

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    christianrey.anaclito
    1 views3 pages
    General Biology

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    General Biology

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1 views3 pages

    Gen-Bio-Anaclito-10-24-2024 - CA

    Uploaded by

    christianrey.anaclito
    General Biology

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    General Biology Activity

    October 24, 2024


    Name: Christian Rey Anaclito Section: 12-St. Raphael
    Meiosis
    -A special type of cell division of germ cells in sexually-reproducing organisms that produces
    gametes, the sperm or egg cells. It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four
    cells, each with only one copy of each chromosome (haploid).

    Meiosis I and Meiosis II;


    Stages/Phases

    Meiosis functions to reduce the number of chromosomes to one half. Each daughter cell that is produced will have one half as
    many chromosomes as the parent cell.
    Meiosis is part of the sexual process because gametes (sperm, eggs) have one half the chromosomes as diploid (2N)
    individuals. Phases of Meiosis
    There are two divisions in meiosis; the first division is meiosis I: the number of cells is doubled but the number of
    chromosomes is not. This results in 1/2 as many chromosomes per cell. The second division is meiosis II: this
    division is like mitosis; the number of chromosomes does not get reduced. The phases have the same names as
    those of mitosis.
    • Meiosis I: prophase I (2N), metaphase I (2N), anaphase I
    (N+N), and telophase I (N+N)
    • Meiosis II: prophase II (N+N), metaphase II (N+N),
    anaphase II (N+N+N+N), and telophase II (N+N+N+N)

    Meiosis I
    1. Prophase I
    Events that occur during prophase of mitosis also occur during prophase I of meiosis. The chromosomes coil up, the
    nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate, and the centrosomes begin moving apart.

    The two chromosomes may exchange fragments by a process called crossing


    over.
    When the chromosomes partially separate in late prophase, until they separate
    during anaphase resulting in chromosomes that are mixtures of the original two
    chromosomes. 2. Metaphase I
    Bivalents (tetrads) become aligned in the center of the cell and are attached to spindle fibers.
    Independent assortment refers to the random arrangement of pairs of chromosomes.

    3. Anaphase I
    Anaphase I begins when homologous chromosomes separate.
    4. Telophase I
    The nuclear envelope reforms and nucleoli reappear.
    Meiosis II

    5. Prophase II
    The chromosomes coil up, the nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate, and the centrosomes begin moving apart.
    6. Metaphase II
    Spindle fibers form and sister chromatids align to the
    equator of the cell. 7. Anaphase II
    Sister chromatids separate.
    8. Telophase II & Cytokinesis II
    The chromatids reach the poles, and uncoil into thin threadlike chromatin. The nuclear membrane reforms from 2
    diploid (2n) cells into 4 haploid (n) Daughter cells.
    Difference of Mitosis and Meiosis
    Mitosis and Meiosis are different because Mitosis produces two genetically identical “daughter” cells
    from a single “parent” cell, whereas meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent and
    contain only half as much DNA. In addition, meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation
    of four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Mitosis on the other
    hand is the type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells each with the same
    number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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