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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Tell who managers are and where they work.

2. Explain why managers are important to organizations.
3. Describe the functions, roles, and skills of managers.
4. Describe the factors that are reshaping and redefining
the manager’s job.
5. Explain the value of studying management.

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WHO ARE MANAGERS?

Manager – Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of

other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished.

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WHY ARE MANAGERS IMPORTANT?

• Organizations need their managerial skills and abilities
more than ever in these uncertain, complex, and
chaotic times.
• Managerial skills and abilities are critical in getting
things done.
• The quality of the employee/supervisor relationship is
the most important variable in productivity and loyalty.

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WHY ARE MANAGERS IMPORTANT?

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EXHIBIT 1-1
LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

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CLASSIFYING MANAGERS
•First-line Managers - Individuals who manage the work of non-
managerial employees.
•Middle Managers - Individuals who manage the work of first-
line managers.
•Top Managers - Individuals who are responsible for making
organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that
affect the entire organization.

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WHERE DO MANAGERS WORK?

• Organization
• A deliberate arrangement of people assembled to accomplish
some specific purpose (that individuals independently could not
accomplish alone).
• Common Characteristics of Organizations
• Have a distinct purpose (goal)
• Are composed of people
• Have a deliberate structure

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EXHIBIT 1-2
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZATIONS

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WHAT DO MANAGERS DO?

Management involves coordinating and overseeing

the work activities of others
• efficiently and
• effectively

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EXHIBIT 1-3
EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS IN
MANAGEMENT

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THE FOUR MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

 Planning – Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve

goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate
activities
 Organizing – Arranging and structuring work to
accomplish organizational goals.
 Leading – Working with and through people to accomplish
goals.
 Controlling – Monitoring, comparing, and correcting
work.

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EXHIBIT 1-4
FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

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MANAGEMENT ROLES

• Roles are specific actions or behaviors

expected of a manager.
• Mintzberg identified 10 roles grouped
around interpersonal relationships, the
transfer of information, and decision-
making.

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THREE TYPES OF ROLES

1. Interpersonal roles
• Figurehead, leader, liaison
2. Informational roles
• Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson
3. Decisional roles
• Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource
allocator, negotiator

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SKILLS MANAGERS NEED

• Technical skills
– Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field
• Human skills
– The ability to work well with other people
• Conceptual skills
– The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract
and complex situations concerning the organization

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EXHIBIT 1-6
SKILLS NEEDED AT DIFFERENT
MANAGERIAL LEVELS

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 A half century after founding the

outdoor apparel maker Patagonia,Yvon
Chouinard, the eccentric rock climber
who became a reluctant billionaire with
his unconventional spin on capitalism,
has given the company away.

 Rather than selling the company or

taking it public, Mr. Chouinard, his wife
and two adult children have transferred
their ownership of Patagonia, valued at
about $3 billion, to a specially designed
trust and a nonprofit organization. They
were created to preserve the company’s
independence and ensure that all of its
profits — some $100 million a year —
are used to combat climate change and
protect undeveloped land around the
globe.

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MANAGEMENT IN PRACTICE
 Visit this website
 https://www.theguardian.com/global/2022/sep/15/yvon-chouinard-the-existential-
dirtbag-who-founded-and-gifted-patagonia

 https://time.com/collection/time100-companies-2022/6159439/patagonia/

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MANAGERIAL CHALLENGES: TODAY AND

INTO THE FUTURE

Focus on Technology
Cloud computing, AI, robotics,
LLMs
Keeping employees updated on
new technologies is a challenge

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MANAGERIAL CHALLENGES: TODAY AND

INTO THE FUTURE

Focus on Disruptive innovation

Regardless of what business an
organization is in, there’s a very good
chance that they’re either a disruptive
innovator or competing against a
disruptive innovator.
Uber, AirBNB

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THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL

MEDIA

• Focus on Social media

– Forms of electronic communication through
which users create online communities to
share ideas, information, personal messages,
and other content.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL

MEDIA
• Focus on Ethics
– The long-term success of an organization
depends on building trust with customers,
clients, suppliers, and employees.
– Leaders need to take responsibility for setting
high ethical standards and creating ethical
workplaces.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL

MEDIA
• Focus on Political Uncertainty
– The last decade has seen a significant shift toward
uncertainty. With this arise new challenges for
management.
– In Europe, UK voters surprisingly chose in 2016 to exit the
European Union. Among other things, for many European
firms that had head offices in London, this meant
reorganizing so as to better serve European customers.
– And political uncertainty hasn’t been limited to the federal
level. States have been imposing new laws and
regulations that affect business

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THE IMPORTANCE OF
CUSTOMERS

• Customers: the reason that organizations

exist
– Managing customer relationships is the
responsibility of all managers and employees.
– Consistent high quality customer service is
essential for survival.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF
SUSTAINABILITY

• Sustainability – a company’s ability to

achieve its business goals and increase long-
term shareholder value by integrating economic,
environmental, and social opportunities into its
business strategies.

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WHY STUDY MANAGEMENT?

• Universality of Management
– The reality that management is needed
• in all types and sizes of organizations
• at all organizational levels
• in all organizational areas
• in all organizations, regardless of location

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EXHIBIT 1-9
UNIVERSAL NEED FOR MANAGEMENT

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EXHIBIT 1-10
REWARDS AND CHALLENGES OF BEING A MANAGER

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