TWO OCEANS LEADERSHIP ACADEMY

NOVEMBER 2022 EXAMINATION

GRADE 11

LIFE SCIENCE PAPER 2

Time: 2 ½ Hours Examiner: Ms Jacobs

Marks: 150 Moderator: Mr Shongwe

Instructions:
1. Answer with a blue or black pen.
2. Answer the questions below as instructed or no mark will be awarded
3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
4. Give brief motivations, discussions et cetera where required

SECTION A:
QUESTION 1:
Multiple Choice Various options are provided as possible answers to the following
questions. Write only the correct answer’s letter (A to D).

1.1.1 A virus consists of …

A. RNA, DNA and a protein coat.
B. proteins, cell membrane and RNA.
C. RNA or DNA and a protein coat.
D. RNA or DNA and a cell membrane. (2)

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1.1.2 Variables which can be manipulated…
A. independent
B. dependent
C. control
D. fixed (2)

1.1.3 Disease-causing agents are called …

A. Antibiotics.
B. Vaccines.
C. Antibodies.
D. Pathogens. (2)

1.1.4 An ovary would be found in ...

A gymnosperms.
B angiosperms.
C bryophytes.
D pteridophytes. (2)

1.1.5 Vaccination can control the spread of a(n) ...

A genetic disorder.
B infectious disease.
C nutritional deficiency.
D environmental disease (2)

1.1.6 Comma-shaped bacteria

A bacteriophage
B bacilli
C Cocci
D Vibrio (2)
[16 Marks]

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1.2 Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions. Write only
the term next to the question number (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in your answer book.

1.2.1 Whip-like structures which are used for movement in bacteria (1)

1.2.2 The death of individuals in a population (1)

1.2.3 Type of asexual reproduction in which a bacteria splits in to two, as in mitosis (1)

1.2.4 The permanent removal of trees from an area (1)

1.2.5 Method of determination of population size by counting the individuals in a

representative sample area (1)

1.2.6 A layer in the stratosphere that filters out harmful UV light from the sun (1)
[7 Marks]

1.3 Indicate whether each of the statements in COLUMN I applies to A ONLY, B ONLY,
BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN II. Write A only, B only, both A and
B, or none next to the question number (1.3.1 to 1.3.5) in your answer book.

COLUMN I COLUMN II

1.3.1 The division of the body into a series of similar A. Cephalisation

units B. Segmentation

1.3.2 Animals that have a true body cavity A. Coelomate

B. Acoelomate

1.1.3 Dependent on water for fertilization A. Gymnospermae

B. Pteridophyta
1.1.4 The amount of carbon dioxide released by a A. Carbon footprint
country/person into the atmosphere B. Global warming

[4 Marks]
SECTION A: 25 MARKS

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SECTION B
QUESTON 2
2.1

2.1.1

2.1.2

2.1.3

2.1.4 Why does the method mentioned in QUESTION 2.1.3 work? (2)
[7 Marks]

2.2

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 2.2.1

2.2.2

2.2.3

2.2.4

2.2.5

[10 Marks]

2.3

A mycorrhiza is a mutualistic relationship between fungal hyphae and the roots of true plants.
The hyphae increase the absorptive surface of the plant’s roots by aiding in the absorption of
water, phosphorus and other mineral ions from the soil to the roots of plants. The plant is
photosynthetic and provides the fungus with carbohydrates.

Scientists conducted an experiment to determine the effect of mycorrhizal associations on plant

growth. The experiment was conducted as follows:
 Two groups of plants were grown.
 One group was planted in soil that had been sterilised.
 The other group was planted in the same type of soil but the soil had not been sterilised.
 All other factors remained the same between the two groups.
 The plants were allowed to grow for 8 weeks.
 Each week, the height (in centimetres) of each plant was measured.
The table below shows the growth of the plants over the 8-week period.

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2.3.1 Define mutualism. (1)
2.3.2 Describe the mutualistic relationship between the fungus and the plants. (2)
2.3.3 Identify the:
(a) Independent variable (2)
(b) Dependent variable (2)
2.3.4 Describe ONE way in which the scientists ensured that the results of this investigation
are valid. (1)
2.3.5 Use the data in the table above to draw TWO line graphs on the same set of axes. (7)
[15 Marks]

QUESTION 3
3.1

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 3.1.1

3.1.2

3.1.3

3.1.4

[5 Marks]
3.2

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.2.4

3.2.5

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 [8 Marks]

3.3

3.3.1

3.3.2
[3 Marks]
3.4 Flowers are reproductive structures used for sexual reproduction in angiosperm
plants. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow

3.4.1 Is this flower insect, wind or bird pollinated? (1)

3.4.2 List THREE characteristics of this flower that make it well adapted for your answer
Given in QUESTION 3.4.1 (3)

[4 Marks]

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QUESTION 4
4.1

4.1.1

4.1.2

4.1.3

4.1.4
[8 Marks]4.2
[8 Marks]
4.2

4.2.1

4.2.2 What type of symmetry does figure A have? (1)

4.2.3 Give ONE benefit of the type of symmetry mentioned in QUESTION 4.2.2 (1)
4.2.4 Write only the letters A, B, C for example 4.3.4 (a) E

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 (4)

[9 Marks]
QUESTION 5
5.1

5.1.1

5.1.2

5.1.3
5.1.4

5.1.5

5.1.6

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 [10 Marks]

5.2 Read the extract below and study the graph showing the zebra and lion population
in Parkwood Game Reserve over a period of 65 years.

The most important reason that lions are able to find enough food is that they usually do their
hunting cooperatively. Normally, several lions circle around the herd they are attacking,
slowly driving their victims towards the lionesses hiding in the tall grass. These lionesses
then attack their prey from the sides or the rear. Lions are not fast predators. By working in
groups, they are able to tackle prey that would otherwise prove to be too fast for them. Lions
also gain another advantage through group hunting when they kill an animal too large for one
lion to tackle on its own. Zebras are one of the major prey of lions.

The graph below shows the number of zebras and lions in Parkwood Game Reserve over a
period of 65 years.

5.2.1 Give TWO reasons mentioned in the extract why the social structure (hunting
together) of lion prides makes them successful hunters. (2)

5.2.2 What type of relationship is shown between lions and zebras in the graph above? (2)

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5.2.3 Which line (A or B) represents the lion population? (1)

5.2.4 Give TWO reasons for your answer to QUESTION 5.2.3 (2)

5.2.5 In 1995 there was a large decrease in the number of zebras in the reserve.

Give ONE environmental factor that could have caused this decrease. (1)

5.2.6 Zebra live in herds. Explain ONE reason why living in herds is an advantage. (2)

5.2.7 Explain why the chances of the zebra and lion population reaching carrying
capacity is limited. (3)

5.2.8 Differentiate between the interspecific and intraspecific competition. (4)

5.2.9 Explain the term “carrying capacity” (2)

[19 Marks]

QUESTION 6

6.1 S.A to face severe food crisis, high staple food prices by September

The Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWSNET) has warned of severe food
insecurity across the Southern Africa region in 2016-2017 after two years of consecutive
drought which have limited crop production.
FEWSNET estimates that nearly four million people currently face a crisis (IPC Phase 3) or
worse across the region. This total includes nearly one million people in Malawi and 500,000
people each in Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Madagascar,” the alert said.
[SOURCE: http://www.sabc.co.za/news]

6.1.1 Distinguish between food security and food insecurity. (2)

6.1.2 According to the article above, what has led to food insecurity Southern African
regions? (2)
6.1.3 Which region has the most people affected by food insecurity? (1)
6.1.4 Briefly describe THREE ways in which pest control can threaten food security. (6)
[11 Marks]

6.2 The table below shows the global carbon dioxide emissions from
fossil fuel combustion and some industrial processes in 2008.

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 COUNTRY CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS (%)

China 23

European Union 13

USA 19

India and Russian Federation 12

Other 33

[Adapted from www.environmentalprotectionagency.gov/climatechange]

6.2.1 State the independent variable

6.2.2 State the dependent variable

6.2.3 Draw a BAR GRAPH to represent the data in the table.

6.3

6.3.1

6.3.2

6.3.3

6.3.4

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 [7 Marks]

TOTAL: 150 MARKS

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