Chapter 13 - Sound

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Chapter 13: Sound

1. Production of Sound Sound is produced by vibrating objects. For


example, when you strike a school bell, the vibration creates sound
waves. These vibrations are necessary for sound to be produced. When
the object stops vibrating, the sound also stops.
2. Sound in Humans: Humans produce sound using their larynx or voice
box, which contains two vocal cords. These cords vibrate when air
passes through them, creating sound. The tightness or looseness of
these cords can change the pitch of the voice.
3. Medium for Sound Propagation: Sound needs a medium (solid, liquid,
or gas) to travel. It cannot move through a vacuum. For instance, when
you call out to a friend, the sound waves travel through the air to
reach them. This shows that without air (or any other medium), sound
cannot propagate.
4. Hearing Sound: We hear sounds through our ears, which function by
capturing sound waves that cause the eardrum to vibrate. These
vibrations are sent to the brain, allowing us to recognize and interpret
sound. This process illustrates how essential our ear structure is for
hearing.
5. Amplitude, Time Period, and Frequency: These are key properties of
sound:
○ Amplitude: Refers to how large the vibrations are. Larger
amplitude means louder sound.
○ Time Period: The time taken for one complete vibration.
○ Frequency: The number of vibrations per second. Higher
frequency results in a higher pitch (shriller sound), while lower
frequency creates a deeper sound.
6. Audible and Inaudible Sounds: Humans can hear sounds with
frequencies between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz. Anything outside this
range is inaudible to us. Some animals, like dogs, can hear frequencies
higher than 20,000 Hz (ultrasounds), which we can't.
7. Noise and Music: Sounds can be classified as noise or music. Noise is
unpleasant, like traffic or construction sounds. Music, on the other
hand, is organized and pleasing to hear. However, even music can turn
into noise if it becomes too loud.
8. Noise Pollution: This refers to the harmful effects caused by
excessive or unwanted sounds in the environment. Sources include
traffic, loudspeakers, and industrial activities. Noise pollution can lead
to health issues like stress, hearing loss, and sleep disturbances.
9. Hearing Impairment: Hearing loss can occur due to exposure to loud
noise, diseases, or age. Special devices like hearing aids can help people
with hearing impairments lead a better quality of life.

Subtopic Importance

Production of Sound 🔴 High


Sound in Humans 🔴 High
Medium for Sound 🔴 High
Propagation

Hearing Sound 🔴 High


Amplitude, Time 🟠 Medium
Period, Frequency

Audible and 🟠 Medium


Inaudible Sounds
Noise and Music 🟡 Low-Medium
Noise Pollution 🔴 High
Hearing Impairment 🟡 Low-Medium

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