Worksheet 1

Worksheet #1
(a) State in words, the relationship between voltage, current and resistance.
Ohm’s Law states that “current is directly proportional to voltage and
indirectly proportional to resistance a constant temperature”.
(b) Write down the mathematical relationship between the current (I), the voltage (V),
and the resistance (R) of a circuit.
Formula: I = V/R
Words: Current = Voltage / Resistance
(c) Define the following terms and give TWO examples of each:
a. Conductor
is a material that offers a very low resistance to the flow of current.
Example: Copper, Silver, Aluminum, Brass, Gold
b. Insulator
is a material that offers a very high resistance to the flow of current.
Example: Rubber, Ceramic, Mica, Glass, PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
c. Semi-conductor
is a material that can act as both an insulator or conductor under
certain conditions.
Example: silicon, germanium

(d) State TWO applications of resistors in an electrical circuit.
1. Limit the current flowing in a circuit.
2. Adjust the voltage within the circuit.
(e) Give TWO reasons why domestic electrical lamp circuits are connected in
parallel.
1. If one lamp is damaged, the rest of the circuit functions efficiently.
2. Troubleshooting of lamps is much easier, in that, the damaged lamp is
easily identified.
(f) For the ½W (fixed resistor) carbon resistor shown below, state:
1st Number
Number of Zeroes
2nd Number
Ohmic Value: 12Ω Tolerance
Highest Ohmic Value: 12 + (12 x 5/100) = 12.6Ω
Lowest Ohmic Value: 12 – (12 x 5/100) = 11.4Ω
(g) Calculate the Total Resistance of each circuit arrangement below:
a.
RT = 5Ω + 2Ω + 1Ω = 8Ω
b.
1/RT = 1/6 + 1/9 + 1/3 = 11/18
RT = 18/11 = 1.64Ω
c.
RT = (1 ÷ (1/6 + 1/3)) + 3 = 5Ω
(h) Four resistors of values 5Ω, 15Ω, 20Ω and 40Ω, respectively, are connected in
series to a 12v DC supply. Draw a circuit diagram showing the arrangement and
Calculate:
a. the overall current flowing through the circuit
b. the voltage drops across the 5Ω and 40Ω resistors
c. the power used by the 15Ω resistor
RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4
= 5 + 15 + 20 + 40
= 80Ω
IT = VT / RT = 12 / 80 = 0.15A
V1 = I x R1 = 0.15 x 5 = 0.75v
V4 = I x R4 = 0.15 x 40 = 6v
P2 = I2 x R2 = (0.15)2 x 15 = 0.3375W
(i) Three resistors are connected in parallel across a supply of unknown voltage.
Resistor A is of 7.5Ω and carries a current of 4A. Resistor B is of 10Ω, and
resistor C is of unknown value but carries a current of 10A. Draw a circuit
diagram of the arrangement and label on the diagram the data given. Also
Calculate:
a. the total voltage
b. the current flowing through resistor B
c. the value of resistor C
VT = IA x RA = 4 X 7.5 = 30v
IB = V / RB = 30 / 10 = 3A
Rc = V / IC = 30/10 = 3Ω
(j) Three banks of resistors are connected in series across a 240v DC supply.
Bank A consists of three resistors R1, R2 and R3, each of resistance 60Ω,
connected in parallel.
Bank B comprises two resistors, R4 of resistance 40Ω and R5 of resistance
120Ω, connected in parallel.
Bank C has three parallel-connected resistors, R6 = 50Ω, R7 = 100Ω and R8 =
300Ω.
Draw a circuit diagram of the arrangement. Label the diagram with the data given
and Calculate
a. the equivalent resistance of the circuit
b. the current flowing through the 40Ω resistor
c. the potential difference across the 60Ω resistor
d. the power used by the 300Ω resistor
REQ = (1/(1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3)) + (1/(1/R4 + 1/R5)) + (1/(1/R6 + 1/R7 + 1/R8))
= (1(1/60 + 1/60 + 1/60)) + (1/(1/40 + 1/120)) + (1/(1/50 + 1/100 + 1/300))
= 80Ω
IT = VT / RT = 240 / 80 = 3A
Use the Current Divider Rule:
I4 = (R5/(R4+R5)) X IT
= (120 /(40+120)) x 3
= 2.25A
(k) State the measuring instrument used for the various quantities:
• AC Current = Clamp-On Type Ammeter
• Voltage = Voltmeter
• Resistance = Ohmmeter
• Power = Wattmeter
• Energy Consumption = kilo Watt-hour Meter (kWh Meter)
• DC Current = Ammeter
• Volt-Amp-Ohm = Multimeter
(l) Using a diagram, explain how to extend the range of an ammeter.
The range of an ammeter is extended by placing a resistor of low resistance
value in parallel (shunt resistor) to the coil.
(m) Using a diagram, explain how to extend the range of a voltmeter.

The range of a voltmeter is extended by placing a resistor of high resistance
value in series (multiplier resistor) to the coil.
(n) Calculations relating to extending range of ammeter and voltmeter.
Total: 16 Marks

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Worksheet #1

indirectly proportional to resistance a constant temperature”.

Words: Current = Voltage / Resistance

Example: Copper, Silver, Aluminum, Brass, Gold

Example: Rubber, Ceramic, Mica, Glass, PVC (polyvinyl chloride)

Example: silicon, germanium

2. Adjust the voltage within the circuit.

2. Troubleshooting of lamps is much easier, in that, the damaged lamp is

Highest Ohmic Value: 12 + (12 x 5/100) = 12.6Ω

Lowest Ohmic Value: 12 – (12 x 5/100) = 11.4Ω

(g) Calculate the Total Resistance of each circuit arrangement below:

REQ = (1/(1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3)) + (1/(1/R4 + 1/R5)) + (1/(1/R6 + 1/R7 + 1/R8))

= (1(1/60 + 1/60 + 1/60)) + (1/(1/40 + 1/120)) + (1/(1/50 + 1/100 + 1/300))

Use the Current Divider Rule:

• AC Current = Clamp-On Type Ammeter

• Energy Consumption = kilo Watt-hour Meter (kWh Meter)

value in parallel (shunt resistor) to the coil.

(m) Using a diagram, explain how to extend the range of a voltmeter.

value in series (multiplier resistor) to the coil.

(n) Calculations relating to extending range of ammeter and voltmeter.

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