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    Xii Important Topics 2024-25

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    Xii Important Topics 2024-25

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    XII IMPORTANT TOPICS 2024-25

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    Xii Important Topics 2024-25

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    of 1

    PM SHRI KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA, DANAPUR CANTT.

    (FS)

    IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR BOARD EXAM 2025

    CLASS XII 2024-25

    BY - P C SHRIVASTAVA, PGT (PHYSICS)

    Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields


    Electric field lines, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. Electric flux, statement of gauss's theorem and its
    applications to find field due to infinitely Long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged
    thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).

    Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance


    Equipotential surfaces, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium betweenthe plates.

    Chapter–3: Current Electricity


    Drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current, Internal resistance of a cell, Kirchhoff's rules, Wheatstone
    bridge.

    Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism


    Biot - Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications to infinitely long
    straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic
    field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in
    uniform magnetic field, Moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

    Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter


    Magnetic field lines. Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro -magnetic substances with examples,

    Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction


    Faraday's laws, Lenz's Law, Self and mutual induction.

    Chapter–7: Alternating Current


    Reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power factor, wattless current. AC generator,
    Transformer.

    Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments


    Mirror formula, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, thin lens formula, lens maker’s
    formula, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism.
    Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.

    Chapter–10: Wave Optics


    Wave front and Huygen’s principle,Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference,
    coherent sources and sustained interference of light.

    Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter


    Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-particle nature of light.
    Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation

    Chapter–12: Atoms
    Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of
    nth possible orbit, velocityand energy of electron in nth orbit.

    Chapter–13: Nuclei
    Nuclear force, Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number.

    Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits


    Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only), p-n junction Semiconductor diode - I-V
    characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.

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