Lecture 1 Assignment

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Passage 3
Most substances can exist in three different states – a solid, a liquid and a gas state.
Changes from one state to another commonly occur by heating or cooling a sample of
the substance. Melting refers to the change of a sample from the solid to the liquid
state at its melting point temperature. Boiling refers to the change of a sample from the
liquid to the gaseous state at its boiling point temperature.
Consider a substance that is found in a sealed container in its solid state at a
temperature well below its melting point. Over the course of about 15 minutes, the
container is heated at a constant rate. At first, the application of heat causes the
temperature of the substance to increase until it reaches its melting point temperature.
At its melting point temperature, heat is continually added known as Latent heat of
fusion, causing the solid to transition to a liquid at a constant temperature. Once all the
solid has melted, the substance is heated to its boiling point temperature. At its boiling
point temperature, the addition of heat causes the liquid to transition to a gas at a
constant temperature known as Latent heat of vaporization. Once all the liquid has
boiled, the sample continues to be heated (cautiously), causing the temperature of the
gas to increase. This process is depicted in Figure 1.
Figure 1
Te
mp
era 400
tur 300
e D E
o
(C 200
C
) 100
B
0 A
- 100 Time (sec)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
6- According to Figure 1, at what temperature does the substance transition between

the solid state and the liquid state?
A. Approximately -65°C
B. Approximately -7°C
C. Approximately 135°C
D. Approximately 190°C
7- Which one of the following statements are true of the sample of matter described
by Figure 1?
A. As heat is added to the sample, its temperature always increases.
B. The sample is melting between a temperature of about -100°C and -10°C.
C. The liquid state would be observed in the sample at both 200 seconds and 400
seconds.
D. The solid state would be observed in the sample at both 600 seconds and 800
seconds.
8- There are five labeled points on the line of the graph in Figure 1. What changes, in
order, are observed in the sample of matter between point A and point C?
A. First the sample melts; then its temperature stabilizes; then it boils.
B. First the sample increases its temperature; then it melts; then its temperature
increases.
C. First the sample increases its temperature; then it melts; then its temperature
stabilizes.
D. First the sample melts; then its temperature increases; then it stabilizes its
temperature.
9- There are five labeled points on the line of the graph in Figure 1. At which of the
labeled points is the sample a mixture of liquid and gas?
A. at point A.
B. at point B.
C. at point D.
D. at point E.
10- Depending on data given in Figure 1, which statement is true?

A. Latent heat of fusion of substance A is greater than its latent heat of
vaporization.
B. Latent heat of fusion of substance A is less than its latent heat of vaporization.
C. Latent heat of fusion of substance A is equal to its latent heat of vaporization.
D. There is no latent heat since temperature stabilizes during boiling.
Suppose that Figure 1 represents the so-called heating curve for Substance A. Figure
2 below represents the heating curve for Substance B.
Temperature (oC)
Figure 2
400
300
200
100
- 100 Time (sec)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
11- What conclusion can be drawn regarding the melting points and boiling points of
Substance A and Substance B?
A. Substance A has a higher melting point and a higher boiling point than
Substance B.
B. Substance B has a higher melting point and a higher boiling point than
Substance A.
C. Substance A has the higher melting point but Substance B has the higher boiling
point.
D. Substance B has the higher melting point but Substance A has the higher boiling
point.
12- Depending on Figure 1 and Figure 2, suppose you have equal molten masses
of substances A and B. each molten is heated from its freezing point at a constant
rate. Which statement is true?
A. Molten of substance A needs more heat to reach its boiling point.
B. Molten of substance B needs more heat to reach its boiling point.
C. Both masses need the same amount of heat.
D. It is impossible to tell since molten substances have different freezing and
boiling points.
Passage 4 PassPasage 4

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- 100 Time (sec)

6- According to Figure 1, at what temperature does the substance transition between

10- Depending on data given in Figure 1, which statement is true?

- 100 Time (sec)

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