Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 5 views

    CEL 360S - 2024 - Practical Manual 3

    Uploaded by

    bruintjiesivhan
    practical manual

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CEL 360S - 2024 - Practical Manual 3

    Uploaded by

    bruintjiesivhan
    5 views3 pages
    practical manual

    Original Title

    CEL 360S_2024_Practical Manual 3

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    practical manual

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views3 pages

    CEL 360S - 2024 - Practical Manual 3

    Uploaded by

    bruintjiesivhan
    practical manual

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Adsorption of Dye Solution on Activated Carbon

    1. Objectives:

    1. To produce Concentration –Time curve for the adsorption of dye solution by activated
    carbon.
    2. To investigate the effect of effluent flow rate on the adsorption efficiency.

    2. Introduction

    In adsorption processes, one or more components of a gas or liquid stream are adsorbed on
    the surface of a solid adsorbent and separation is accomplished. In commercial processes,
    the adsorbent is usually in the form of small particles in a fixed bed. The fluid is passed through
    the bed and the solid particles adsorb components from the fluid. In an adsorption process,
    molecules, or atoms or ions, in a gas or liquid, diffuse to the surface of a solid, where they
    bond with the solid surface or are held by weak intermolecular forces. Adsorbed solutes are
    referred to as adsorbate, whereas the solid material is the adsorbent. To achieve a large
    surface area for adsorption per unit volume, porous solid particles with small-diameter,
    interconnected pores are used, with adsorption occurring on the surface of the pores (Seader
    et al., 2011). Adsorption is typically used for the removal of a wide range of compounds from
    industrial wastewater. It is commonly used for the removal of various micropollutants, non-
    degradable organic compounds and metals from wastewater or freshwater. Activated carbon
    adsorption is one of the physical purification techniques which offer one of the most efficient
    processes available for removing certain organics and inorganics from wastewater.

    3. Equipment and Method


    Apparatus
    You will need:
    • Column (length = 30 cm; internal diameter = 2.3 cm)
    • Glass wool
    • Peristaltic pump
    • Spectrophotometer (DR3900)
    • Sample glass beakers
    • Granular activated carbon
    • Timer or stopwatch
    Procedure

    1. Fill the column with activated carbon up to 10 cm bed height and tightly close the top
    and bottom ends of the column
    2. Ensure the activated carbon bed is fixed with cotton wool from the bottom and top
    ends
    3. Connect the inlet from the pump at the bottom of the column and the outlet at the top
    of the column.
    4. Insert the suction tubbing into the tank containing the wastewater solution
    5. Switch on the pump and adjust the setting to 10 and record the flow rate displayed in
    ml/min
    6. Start the timer and allow the wastewater to flow through the column
    7. Once the column is filled, collect a sample of the wastewater and record the time
    8. Collect a sample of the wastewater every 2 min for the remainder of the experiment
    9. Repeat steps 1 to 8 only changing the setting on the pump to 63 and record the flow
    rate in ml/min
    10. Analyze the samples collected by adding 10 ml of the solution to the glass vile and
    record the absorbance

    Calibration plot

    The calibration plot for wastewater effluent at 560 nm can be obtained from:

    Table 1 calibration data

    Absorbance Concentration (mg/l)


    0.375 1.50
    0.140 0.75
    0.080 0.50
    0.061 0.38
    0.040 0.25
    0.028 0.19
    0.019 0.15
    0.400

    0.350

    0.300

    0.250
    Absorbance

    0.200

    0.150

    0.100

    0.050

    0.000
    0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60
    Concentration (mg/l)

    Figure 1: calibration plot Absorbance vs concentration

    4. Calculations and discussion

    • Plot (Cf/C0) vs. time for the two different flow rates.
    • Determine the efficiency of the colour removal
    • Comment on the trends observed in the graphs above.
    • Explain any maximum or minimum values or any anomalies observed in your results.
    • Discuss possible sources of error in your experiment

    References

    Henley, E.J., J.D. Seader, and D.K. Roper, Separation Process Principles 3rd ed. 2011:
    Wiley

    You might also like