UNIT 2: LEISURE TIME

LESSON 3: Uses of leisure time

1 Acknowledge (v) to accept that Thừa nhận, công nhận, nhận; đền đáp
/əkˈnɑːlɪdʒ/ something is true
 I was standing right next to her, but she didn't even
acknowledge me.
Authority (n) the power to give Quyền lực; Người có uy tín, thẩm quyền; Nhà cầm quyền
/əˈθɔːrəti/ orders to people
 The government has the authority to regulate the
economy.
Authorize (v) to give official Cho phép, ủy quyền; là căn cứ
/ˈɔːθəraɪz/ permission for
something, or for  The school director authorized the teachers to spend a
somebody to do larger chunk of the school day outdoors with their students.
something
2 Authoritative (a) showing that you Có thẩm quyền, uy quyền; Có căn cứ, có thể tin được;
/əˈθɔːrəteɪtɪv/ expect people to obey
and respect you hách dịch
 According to an authoritative source, spending time in
nature improve our health.
Authoritatively (a.) 1 cách có căn cứ
/əˈθɔːrəteɪtɪvli/  The expert wrote authoritatively about the topic of
exercise and its effects on mental health.
3 Chunk (n) a fairly large amount of 1 phần, 1 miếng
/tʃʌŋk/ something
 I've already written a fair chunk of the article.

4 Crucial (a) extremely important, Chủ yếu, quan trọng, mang tính quyết định
/ˈkruːʃl/ because it will affect
other things  Private security cameras can prove crucial in some
= critical, essential investigations.
Deliberately (a.) done in a way that was 1 cách cân nhắc, đắn đo
/dɪˈlɪbərətli/ planned, not by chance;
intentionally; slowly  I'm sure he says these things deliberately to annoy me.
and carefully
Deliberation (n) the process of carefully Sự cân nhắc, suy tính kỹ càng; sự thong thả
/dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃn/ considering or
discussing something  After deliberation, he decided to spend some time every
day to engage in outdoor activities.
5 (v) - to think or talk Suy nghĩ/ Cân nhắc/ Bàn bạc/ Trao đổi kỹ lưỡng
seriously and carefully
about something  The group deliberated for an hour before reaching a
decision.
Deliberate (a) - (often of something Có suy nghĩ cân nhắc; thận trọng; có tính toán; Thong
/dɪˈlɪbərət/ bad) intentional or
planned thả, khoan thai
- done on purpose  It is obvious that people need to make a deliberate
rather than by accident decision to spend more time in nature.
6 Depression (n) a mental illness in Sự chán nản, phiền muộn, suy nhược; Tình trạng trì trệ
/dɪˈpreʃn/ which a person is very
unhappy and anxious (=  Tiredness, loss of appetite, and sleeping problems are all
worried and nervous) classic symptoms of depression.
for long periods and  suffer from depression: bị bệnh trầm cảm
often feels no interest in
anything
= unhappiness
7 Emotion (n) a strong feeling such as Sự cảm động, xúc động; cảm xúc
/ɪˈməʊʃn/ love or anger, or strong
feelings in general  My mother was overcome with emotion and burst into
tears.
Emotional (a) Dễ cảm động, xúc động
/ɪˈməʊʃənl/  Children who don’t spend a lot of time playing outdoors
 can end up with emotional problems.
Emotionally (a.) in a way that is Về mặt cảm xúc
/ɪˈməʊʃənəli/ connected with people's
feelings (= with the  People respond emotionally to the overwhelming stimuli
emotions) of the city.
8 Engage (v) to succeed in attracting - Cam kết, hứa hẹn; Thu hút, giành được
/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/ and keeping
somebody’s attention  It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye.
and interest - Engage in: tiến hành, làm  engage in negotiations with
someone: tiến hành thương lượng với ai đó
- engage with (kỹ thuật): gài, khớp (với)
Industrious (a) working hard; busy Cần cù, siêng năng
/ɪnˈdʌstriəs/ = hard - working
 He is always industrious even engaged in leisure – time
activities.
Industry (n) the quality of working Công nghiệp; Sự chăm chỉ, tính cần cù siêng năng
9 /ˈɪndəstri/ hard
 His favorite pastime is building model ships, and he
always goes about this activity with great industry.
Industriously (a.) in a way that uses a lot 1 cách cần cù, siêng năng
/ɪnˈdʌstriəsli/ of effort
 He worked on his project industriously.
(n) a very educated person Người trí thức, người lao động trí óc
who is interested in
complicated ideas and  I enjoy reading the works of the great intellectuals of the
enjoys studying and 19th century.
Intellectual careful thinking
/ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/
(a) relating to your ability Có trí thức, hiểu biết rộng; tài trí; (thuộc) trí óc
to think and understand
things, especially  Some people enjoy spending their leisure time engaged in
10 complicated ideas intellectual activities.
Intellect (n) the ability to understand Trí tuệ, trí thông minh
/ˈɪntəlekt/ and to think in an
intelligent way  The stress of the city life has effects on the intellect.
 formidable intellect: trí tuệ đáng kinh ngạc
Intellectually (a.) Về mặt trí tuệ, trí thức
/ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəli/  Some people look for experiences that engage them
intellectually
11 Merely (a.) used meaning ‘only’ or Chỉ, đon thuần
/ˈmɪrli/ ‘simply’ to emphasize a
fact or something that  It is not merely a job, but a way of life.
you are saying
12 Obesity (n) the quality or fact of Sự béo phì, thừa cân
/əʊˈbiːsəti/ being very fat, in a way
that is not healthy  Obesity can increase the risk of heart disease.
13 Obvious (a) easy to see or Rõ ràng, rành mạch, hiển nhiên
/ˈɑːbviəs/ understand
= clear  The solution to weight loss is also blindingly obvious -
whatever you eat, eat less. (blindingly obvious: cực kỳ rõ ràng)
14 Overwhelming (a) very great or very Tràn ngập; áp đảo; quá mạnh, không chống lại được
/ˌəʊvərˈwelmɪŋ/ strong; so powerful that
you cannot resist it or  There was overwhelming support for our policies.
decide how to react
15 Passive (a) not acting to influence Bị động, thụ động
/ˈpæsɪv/ or change a situation;
allowing other people  He played a passive role in the relationship.
to be in control
16 Pastime (n) something that you Trò tiêu khiển, sự giải trí
/ˈpæstaɪm/ enjoy doing when you
are not working  Watching television is still the most popular national
pastime.
17 Physical (a) connected with a (thuộc) vật chất, thể chất, thân thể
/ˈfɪzɪkl/ person’s body rather
than their mind  The centre offers activities for everyone, whatever your
age or physical condition.
18 Rejuvenate (v) to make Làm mới, làm tươi trẻ, làm trẻ lại
/rɪˈdʒuːvəneɪt/ somebody/something
look or feel younger,  Volunteers rejuvenate the community center with fresh
more lively or more paint and new furniture.
modern
Reluctant (a) not willing to do Miễn cưỡng, bất đắc dĩ, không sẵn lòng
/rɪˈlʌktənt/ something and
therefore slow to do it  Many parents feel reluctant to talk openly with their
children.
Reluctance (n) an unwillingness to do Sự miễn cưỡng, sự bất đắc dĩ, sự không sẵn lòng
/rɪˈlʌktəns/ something
19  Reluctance to spend time in nature is a problem for
modern children.
Reluctantly (a.) (1 cách) miễn cưỡng, bất đắc dĩ
/rɪˈlʌktəntli/  They reluctantly agreed to spend their vacation at a
national park.
20 Suffer (v) to experience physical Chịu, bị, chịu đựng; cho phép; chịu thiệt hại; đau đớn
/ˈsʌfər/ or mental pain
= endure, bear  Increasing numbers of children are suffering from mental
health problems.
21 Pursue (v) to do something or try Theo đuổi, tiếp tục
/pərˈsuː/ to achieve something
over a period of time  How can we most effectively pursue these aims?

22 Expend (v) to use or spend a lot of Tiêu dùng, dùng hết

/ɪkˈspend/ time, money, energy,
etc.  Most animals expend a lot of energy searching for food.
23 Sort out (v) Giải quyết, dàn xếp, xử lý vấn đề nào đó
 They were unable to come up with a solution and wanted
to wait to see how the issue would sort out itself.
24 Impulse (n) a sudden strong wish or Sự thúc đẩy, thôi thúc; sự bốc đồng
/ˈɪmpʌls/ need to do something,
without stopping to  He was motivated by the impulse for social reform.
think about the results
25 Pave (v) to cover a surface with Lát (đường, sàn...)
/peɪv/ large flat stones
 a paved area near the back door
26 Epidemic (n) a sudden rapid increase Bệnh dịch
/ˌepɪˈdemɪk/ in how often something
bad happens  A recent report describes an epidemic of crime in the
inner cities.
27 Stimulus (n) something that helps Sự kích thích
/ˈstɪmjələs/ somebody/something to
develop better or more  This development also acted as a stimulus for Britain to
Stimuli (plural) quickly modernize her air force.
/ˈstɪmjəlaɪ/