Food Chain

What is a Food Chain?
A food chain refers to the order of events in an

ecosystem, where one living organism eats
another organism, and later that organism is
consumed by another larger organism. The
flow of nutrientsand energy from one
organism to another at different trophic levels
forms a food chain.
The food chain also explains the feeding

pattern or relationship between living
organisms. Trophic level refers to the
sequentil stages inafood chain, starting with
producers at the bottom, followed by primary,
secondary and tertiary consumers. Every level
in afood chain is known as a trophic level.
Food Web:
Several interconnected food chains form a
food web. Afood web is similar to a food chain
but the food web is comparatively larger than
afood chain. Occasionally, asingle organism is
consumned by many predators or it consumes
several other organisms. Due to this, many
trophic levels get interconnected. The food
chain fails to showcase the floW of energy in
the right way. But,the food web is able to show
the proper representation of energy flOw, as it
displays the interactions between different
organisms.
What is Biogeochemical
Cycle?
"Biogeochemical cycles mainly refer to
the movement of nutrients and other
elements between biotic and abiotic
factors. "
The rm biogeochemical is derived from "bio"

meaning biosphere, "geo" meaning the
geological components and "chemical"
meaning the elements that move through a
cycle.
Types of BiogeochemicalCycles
Biogeochemicalcycles are basically divided
into two types:
" Gaseous cycles - Includes Carbon,

Oxygen, Nitrogen, and the Water cycle.
Sedimentary cycles - Includes Sulphur,
Phosphorus, Rock cycle, etc.
There are several factorsthat cancause land to
becomea wasteland:
1. Deforestation: Clearing forests for

agriculture, logging,or urban development
can lead to soil erosion, loss of biodiversity,
and the destruction of ecosystems, turning
once fertile land into a wasteland.
2. Overgrazing: Excessive grazing by livestock

candeplete vegetation cove, leading to soil
erosion, desertification, and the degradation
of the land.
3. Pollution: Contamination of land, water, and

air through industrial activities, improper
waste disposal, and the use of harmful
chemicals can render land infertile and
unsuitable for agriculture or habitation.
4. Climate Change: Changes in climate patterns,
such as droughts, floods, and extreme
weather events, can contribute to land
degradation and desertification, turning
productive land into wasteland.
5. Mining: Extractive activities like mining can

strip the land of vegetation, disrupt
ecosystems, and contaminate soil and water,
leading to the creation of wastelands.
quality. Naturalwetlands have often been
referred to as "earth's kidneys" because of their
high and long-term capacity to filter pollutants
from the water that flows through them.
The main causes of global warming are:
1. Usage of vehicles: Cars and trucks

emit gases like Carbon dioxide and
nitrogen oxides.
2. Deforestation: When trees are cut, the
stored carbon is released into the
atmosphere as Carbon dioxide which
eads to global warming
Industrial Development
With the advent of industrialization, the
temperature of the earth has been increasing
rapidly.The harmful emissions from the
factories add to the increasing temperature of
the earth.
In 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel for

Climate Change reported that the increase in
the global temperature between 1880 and 2012
has been 0.9 degrees Celsius. The increase is 1.]
degrees Celsius when compared to the pre
industrial mean temperature.
Agriculture
Various farming activities produce carbon
dioxide and methane gas. These add to the
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and
increase the temperature of the earth.
Causes of0zone Layer Depletion
Ozone layer depletion is a major concern and
is associated with anumber of factors. The
main causes responsible for the depletion of
the ozone layer are listed below:.
Chlorofluorocarbons
Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are the main
Cause of ozone layer depletion. These are

released by solvents, spray aerosols,
refrigerators,air-conditioners, etc.
Themolecules of chlorofluorocarbons in the

stratosphere are broken down by ultraviolet
radiations and release chlorine atoms. These
atoms react with ozone and destroy it.
Unregulated Rocket Launches

Researches say that the unregulated
launching of rockets results in much more
depletion of the ozone layer than the CFCs do.
If not controlled, this might result in a huge loss
of the ozone layer by the year 2050.
Nitrogenous Compounds
The nitrogenous compounds such as NOz, NO,
N20 are highly responsible for the depletion of
the ozone layer. Hi there! Got any questions?
Noise pollution refers to excessive, disturbing, or
harmful noise that disrupts our environment. It can
originate from a myriad of sources, including traffic,
industrial operations, construction, and even our
everyday activities. The Effects of Noise Pollution
extend far beyond mere annoyance, as excessive noise
can significantly impact our health.
Cardiovascular diseases
Noise is asource of stress. It triggers reactions
in the body, including the secretion of certain
hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol.
These reactions account for the development of
heart and cardiovascular diseases after many
years of exposure to noise.
Hearing problems
In humans, hearing is the ability to perceive
sounds through the auditory system. The
auditory system functions 24 hours a day.
Unlike eyes, which are protected by eyelids,
earshave no protection. Therefore, ears are
always alert and never rest.
Tinnitus
Tinnitus is hissing, ringing or buzzing in a
person ears or head. A person hears these
sounds without them being produced by an
external source. Tinnitus can be the result of
exposure to high noise levels, such as loud
music. Loud or sudden noise, such as an
explosion or gunfire, can also cause tinnitus.
Tinnitus 0s a hearing problem that often
accompanies hearing loss. It can be temporary
or permanent.
One of the most apparent consequences of noise
pollution is the damage it can cause to our hearing.
Prolonged exposure to loud noise, such as traffic or
industrial machinery, can lead to hearing
impairment and even permanent hearing loss. It is
crucialto protect our ears andseek quiet spaces
when possible to prevent such harm.
" Noise pollution can disrupt our sleep patterns,
leading to sleep disturbances and chronic insomnia.
Sleep is essential for our overallhealth, and noise
related sleep disruptions can result in increased
stress and irritability, impactingour daily lives.
" Excessive noise can also lead to cognitive
impairment. Studies have shown that chronic
exposure to noise pollution can impair our ability to
concentrate, remember, and solve problems. This is
particularly concerning in educational settings and
workplaces where concentration is vital.

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What is a Food Chain?

A food chain refers to the order of events in an

The food chain also explains the feeding

The rm biogeochemical is derived from "bio"

" Gaseous cycles - Includes Carbon,

1. Deforestation: Clearing forests for

2. Overgrazing: Excessive grazing by livestock

3. Pollution: Contamination of land, water, and

5. Mining: Extractive activities like mining can

1. Usage of vehicles: Cars and trucks

In 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel for

Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are the main

Cause of ozone layer depletion. These are

Themolecules of chlorofluorocarbons in the

atoms react with ozone and destroy it.

Unregulated Rocket Launches

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