Tranexamic Acid Drug Study

Tranexamic Acid Drug Study
Generic Name:
Tranexamic Acid
Brand Names:
Cyklokapron, Lysteda, TXA
Drug Classification:
 Antifibrinolytic agent
Mechanism of Action:
Tranexamic acid inhibits fibrinolysis by competitively blocking the lysine binding sites on plasminogen,
preventing its conversion to plasmin. Plasmin is an enzyme responsible for breaking down fibrin clots. By
inhibiting plasmin formation, tranexamic acid helps stabilize clots and reduce bleeding.
Indications:
Tranexamic acid is used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding in various conditions, including:
 Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)
 Hemophilia (to prevent bleeding during dental procedures)
 Hereditary angioedema
 Trauma (to reduce bleeding)
 Surgical procedures (to reduce perioperative bleeding)
 Postpartum hemorrhage
Dosage and Administration:
Adults:
 Menorrhagia: 1,300 mg orally three times daily for up to 5 days during menstruation.
 Dental Procedures in Hemophilia: 10 mg/kg IV prior to surgery, followed by 10 mg/kg orally

three to four times daily for 2 to 8 days.
 Trauma: 1 g IV over 10 minutes, followed by 1 g IV over 8 hours.
 Surgery: Dosing varies depending on the type and extent of surgery. Typically, 10-15 mg/kg IV
before surgery and every 8 hours for 2-3 days postoperatively.
Pediatrics:
 Dosage for children is usually based on body weight and specific indication. Consultation with a
healthcare provider is necessary.
Pharmacokinetics:
 Absorption: Well absorbed orally, with peak plasma concentrations achieved in 2-3 hours.
 Distribution: Widely distributed throughout the body, including into cerebrospinal fluid and joint
fluid.
 Metabolism: Minimal metabolism.
 Excretion: Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. The half-life is approximately 2-11 hours,
depending on the route of administration.
Side Effects:
Common side effects may include:
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Diarrhea
 Abdominal pain
 Headache
 Fatigue
Serious side effects, though rare, may include:
 Thromboembolic events (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)
 Visual disturbances (e.g., blurred vision, color vision changes)
 Seizures
 Allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, trouble breathing)
Contraindications:
 Known hypersensitivity to tranexamic acid or any of its components
 Active thromboembolic disease (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)
 History of thromboembolic events
 Subarachnoid hemorrhage
 Color vision disturbances
Precautions:
 Use with caution in patients with a history of thromboembolic disease or those at increased risk
for thrombosis.
 Use with caution in patients with renal impairment, as dosage adjustment may be necessary.
 Monitor for signs of visual disturbances and discontinue use if they occur.
 Not recommended for use during pregnancy unless clearly needed.
Interactions:
 Oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy: Increased risk of thromboembolic

events.
 Factor IX complex concentrates or anti-inhibitor coagulant concentrates: Increased risk of

thromboembolic complications.
 Fibrinolytic agents (e.g., alteplase): May reduce the effectiveness of tranexamic acid.
Monitoring:
 Monitor for signs of thromboembolic events, especially in high-risk patients.
 Assess renal function periodically, particularly in patients with renal impairment.
 Observe for signs of visual disturbances.
 Monitor coagulation parameters as clinically indicated.
Patient Education:
 Take tranexamic acid exactly as prescribed, and do not exceed the recommended dose.
 Inform your healthcare provider if you have a history of thromboembolic events or are at
increased risk for thrombosis.
 Report any signs of thromboembolic events (e.g., leg pain, swelling, shortness of breath, chest
pain) to your healthcare provider immediately.
 Report any visual disturbances (e.g., blurred vision, color vision changes) to your healthcare
provider promptly.
 Inform your healthcare provider of any other medications you are taking, including over-the-
counter drugs and supplements.
 Avoid using tranexamic acid during pregnancy unless directed by your healthcare provider.
Conclusion:
Tranexamic acid is an effective antifibrinolytic agent used to treat or prevent excessive bleeding in
various conditions. While generally well-tolerated, it carries a risk of thromboembolic events and other
serious side effects. Proper patient education, adherence to prescribed dosages, and regular monitoring
are essential to ensure safe and effective use of this medication.

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Tranexamic Acid Drug Study

Cyklokapron, Lysteda, TXA

 Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)

 Hemophilia (to prevent bleeding during dental procedures)

 Trauma (to reduce bleeding)

 Surgical procedures (to reduce perioperative bleeding)

Dosage and Administration:

 Dental Procedures in Hemophilia: 10 mg/kg IV prior to surgery, followed by 10 mg/kg orally

 Trauma: 1 g IV over 10 minutes, followed by 1 g IV over 8 hours.

 Metabolism: Minimal metabolism.

Common side effects may include:

Serious side effects, though rare, may include:

 Thromboembolic events (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)

 Visual disturbances (e.g., blurred vision, color vision changes)

 Known hypersensitivity to tranexamic acid or any of its components

 Active thromboembolic disease (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)

 History of thromboembolic events

 Color vision disturbances

 Not recommended for use during pregnancy unless clearly needed.

 Oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy: Increased risk of thromboembolic

 Factor IX complex concentrates or anti-inhibitor coagulant concentrates: Increased risk of

 Monitor for signs of thromboembolic events, especially in high-risk patients.

 Assess renal function periodically, particularly in patients with renal impairment.

 Observe for signs of visual disturbances.

 Monitor coagulation parameters as clinically indicated.

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