Report-Sa-Purposive

70’S TO
CONTEMPORARY
The Philippines is a gold mine of ART. The Philippines has a variety of many other art forms.
Four colonial periods in our history - the Spanish, British, American and Japanese. The art of
the Philippines had been influenced by almost all spheres of the globe. It had the taste of the
Renaissance, Baroque, and Modern Periods through the colonizers who arrived in the
country. The art of the Philippines had been influenced by almost all spheres of the globe. It
had the taste of the Renaissance, Baroque, and Modern Periods through the colonizers who
arrived in the country. First appearance: After the WW II & during Martial Law Era (1970).
Writers broke the laws by writing screams of protest against the government. Filmmakers
used their expertise in joining the bandwagon of nationalistic artists. Modernism in all art
forms evolved into a variety of expressions and media that turned the entire world into a
"Creative Upheaval"
Under the helm of Ferdinand and Imelda

Marcos beginning in 1965, many cultural
projects ensued amid and backdrop of
poverty and volatile social conditions.
Amidst claims of national chaos of
emergency proportions, Martial law was
declared on September 21, 1972. Under
Martial Law, Marcos envisioned a New
Society or Bagong Lipunan, which worked
toward the rebirth of a long lost
civilization, on one hand, and aspiration to
modernization and development, on the
other. The discourse of rebirth can also be
discerned in the anthem or songs the
regime sponsored and circulated through
the media and public education channels.
The optimism toward a new beginning was articulated for example, in Levi Celerio and Felipe
Padilla de Leon's composition for the New Society titled Bagong Pagsilang.
THIS VISION WAS PROPAGATED AND IMPLEMENTED THROUGH
AN ART AND CULTURE PROGRAM THAT COMBINED THE
FOLLOWING:
 Fine arts
 Interior Design
 Tourism
 Engineering
 Urban Planning
 Convention City Building
 Architecture
Marcos built the bridge as a personal gift to his wife Imelda using public funds siphoned through the
controversial Marcos Japanese ODA scandal. It was one of the high-visibility foreign-loan projects
initiated by Marcos during the run-up to the 1969 presidential election. Completed four years later, it
was inaugurated on 2 July 1973 on the birthday of Imelda Marcos. Upon its completion, economists
and public works engineers quickly tagged it as a white elephant which was "a possession that is
useless and expensive to maintain or difficult to dispose of", because its average daily traffic was too
low to justify the cost of its construction.
 Health
 Hotels
 Theaters
 Coliseum
Martsa Ng Bagong Lipunan

As index of progress, refinement, radical experiment, national identity and love
for country, art was circulated through an intricate network of institutions that
braided the threads of the pre-modern, and vernacular, the modern, and
international.
National pride was instilled by invoking the pre-modern through murals, folk
festivals, and museums devoted to collecting and displaying ethnographic
artifacts and natural specimens, among these key sites was the National
Museum, which was revitalized through Constitutional amendments.
The CCP as Shrine for the Art

Cultural Center of the Philippines- the premier bureaucratic entity through
which art acquisition, exhibition making, workshops, grants and awards were
implemented. It was created on June 25, 1966 through Executive Order 30 and
inaugurated in 1969.
➤ Leandro Locsin-chief architect of Imelda Marcos, the modernist cantilevered
building described as a cross between the vernacular bahay kubo and art brut
minimalist structures. Like the Marcos monument, this structure presides over
and stands guard at the entrance of the CCP Complex, which consist of satellite
structures with varying functions:
• Folk Art Theatre- which became the venue of the first Ms. Universe Pageant in
Philippines in 1974.
• Philippine International Convention Center (PICC) - which housed the
1976IMF-World Bank Conference.
• Tahanang Filipino or Coconut Palace - which was built in anticipation of papal
visit.
• Manila Film Center- which was built to host the Manila International Film
Festival.
National Arts Center- located at Mt. Makiling, designed by National Artist
Architect Leandro Locsin appropriated the style of vernacular houses like the
Ifugao fale.
• Coconut Palace- designed by Architect Francisco Mañosa, utilized indigenous
building materials and fashioned the roof to look like salakot, a pointed hat
used by farmers in the field.
➤ Jose Maceda (National Artist) - staged through the CCP, involving hundreds of
transistor radios and radio station nationwide to create "sound atmospheres"
from the strategic overlapping of indigenous and found sounds.
Roberto Chabet - was task to be the first director of CCP. His works at that time
were avowedly conceptual, emphasizing the idea behind this art rather than
technique and form. Eventually calling himself a Flux artist, he
did collages, drawings, sculptures and installation using found objects. He
became an establishment figure; his art never lost its critical bite.
• Objects - held at CCP in 1973, Chabet tore up a copy of a coffee- table book on
contemporary art and placed it in trash bin.
• Tearing into Pieces - was seen as scandalous critique of the convention of the
art world.
Purita Kalaw-Ledesma - founder of the Art Association of the Philippines.
• The Struggle for Philippine Art - described the work as "anti- museum art".
Roberto Chabet and Raymundo Albano
➤ Raymundo Albano - successor of Roberto Chabet.
• CCP Museum opened its exhibition programming towards influence by the
western avant-garde and conceptual tenets, pop-art, happening, environmental
assemblages, new realism, performance art and sound works.
They opened up non-white cube sites for an exhibition and performance spaces
- furnace, office, warehouse, clocktowers, shop windows, kitchens, public halls,
and hotels. (Gallery 7, Sanctuary, Gallery Indigo, short-lived Shop 6 in Cubao and
Kamalig arcade in Manila.)
• Writing platforms: Philppine Art Supplement (PAS) and Review Cultural
Form.
• Albano initiated projects under the rubrics he terms as "developmental art"
aimed at exposing art to a learning public.
1971-1975 period "the exposure phase
Broadway musicals such as Cinderella, Les Miserables, Miss Saigon, Wicked and
Phantom of the Opera have seen playbills at the CCP. Original works by budding
Filipino playwrights have been staged yearly in the CCP's Virgin Lab Fest, while
western classical plays by Shakespeare have been staged as adaptations here as
well.
Social Realism
A significant strand that emerged during the intense political ferment of the 70's
and 80's was Social Realism or SR, for short. Social Realism is a form of protest
art that exposed the sociopolitical issues and struggles of the times. It differs
from other realist approaches in that it is conscious with its regard for the
oppressed and underrepresented masses. SR would tackle for example, the
plight of the marginalized, inequality, and forms of repression. In addition, SRS
also worked collectively and in collaboration not only in terms of producing
murals and other artforms, but also in making aesthetic decision grounded on a
common mass-based scientific and nationalist framework.
The format of protest art is not just confined to painting on canvas but also
extends to other more accessible and popular forms like posters and
illustrations; on street art as in collaborative murals in public space. Declaration
of Martial Law movements:
Kaisahan - Antipas Delotavo, Neil Doloricon, Renato Habula, Edgar Talusan
Hernandez, Al Manrique, Jose Tence Ruiz, and Pablo Baen Santos.
- Influence as a collective reached organization like the group of the UP Fine Arts
students who eventually became known in the 80's as the Salingpusa.
Among its founding members were Elmer Borlongan, Karen Ocampo Flores (the
loose collective Tutok), Emmanuel Garibay, Mark Justiani, Lito Mondejar, and
Federico Sievert. Beyond Manila, the strain of political art could also be
observed in Bacolod, where artist groups such as: Pamilya Pintura were formed
with Nunelucio Alvarado, Charlie Co (Orange Gallery in Bacolod), and Norberto
Roldan (Green Papaya Art Projects) were members. Leslie De Chavez in 2007
(Project Space Pilipinas).
Some of the expressionist works that convey emotional qualities or states, as in
the dogfight paintings of National Artist Ang Kiukok, hinting of conflict and
aggression; expressions and bordering on eunni. In sculpture, Eduardo Castrillo's
gigantic metal works Pieta, 1969 evoked a strong feeling and anguish and loss
through the expressive poses of Mary the Mother and the oversized body of
Christ which she supports.
The influenced of paintings of folk scenes in the manner of Francisco persists,

and is evidence in the works of the Blanco family and their descendants in
Angono, Rizal. Ethnicity, identity and alternative historical narratives are
explored in the intermedia works of Santiago Bose. Roberto Feleo's installations
re-tell creation stories drawn from indigenous meats and combine them with
foreign interventions such as vitrines or altar niches normally used to house
saints. Brenda Fajardo on the other hand would foreground the histories of
ethnic communities through her tarot card series.
Through the festival, which aside from holding exhibitions tends to mobilize
organizations, spaces and people who do not normally engaged in the "art
world". As galleries began to spring up inside mall spaces, equally intriguing
were the budding of alternative and artist-run spaces that supported
experiments and D-I-Y (Do it Yourself) project of young artist.

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70’S TO

Under the helm of Ferdinand and Imelda

 Convention City Building

Martsa Ng Bagong Lipunan

The CCP as Shrine for the Art

The influenced of paintings of folk scenes in the manner of Francisco persists,

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