Contemporary Philippine Arts from the

Region
 INTEGRATIVE ART AS APPLIED TO
CONTEMPORARY ART:HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND OF ART IN THE PHILIPPINES
WHAT IS ART?
 ART IS THE CREATION
 CREATING SOMETHING NEW, SOMETHING ORIGNAL
AND SOMETHING DIFFERENT
 ART IS LIFE
 IT IS CREATING LIFE ON A MATERIAL AND MAKING
INANIMATE OBJECTS TO HAVE LIFE. TO CREEATE ART IS
TO GIVE LIFE (RAMON ORLINA-GLASS SCULPTURE)
 WHAT IS
CONTEMPORARY?
 Definitions of contemporary
world. the circumstances and
ideas of the present age.
synonyms: modern times, modern
world, present times. type of:
times. a more or less definite
period of time now or previously
present.
 CURRENT
 NOW
 PRESENT
Contemporary Art - is the art of the present, produced by living artists in
the twenty-first century. It is art that provides an opportunity to reflect on
today’s social issues relevant to humanity, and the world around us.
Today's artists work in and respond to a global environment that is
culturally diverse, technologically advancing, and multifaceted.
Contemporary Art Forms - The traditional subdivision of Arts, being
Architecture,Sculpture, Painting, Literature, Music, Performing, and Film.
Modern art - Includes artistic work produced during the period extending
roughly
from the 1860s to the 1970s, and denotes the styles and philosophy of
the art produced during that era. The term is usually associated with art in
which
the traditions of the past have been thrown aside in a spirit of
experimentation
PHILIPPINE ART SINIG SAYSAY (PHILIPPINE HISTORY IN ART)

HISTORY

Philippine Contemporary Art

Talking about art in Pre-Colonial Period is very interesting.
Even before colonizers came, indigenous Filipinos already had their
own art, literature, and architectures. It includes their cultures and
rituals.
Their Literature has two forms, which are the oral- chants, stories
and songs, and written- cave drawings and writings.
They also have two kinds of visual arts- paintings and sculptures.
Examples of heir sculptures are pots, figures, and jewelries.
Cave is their prime architecture in that era.
PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
HIGHLIGHTED ARTWORKS DURING PRE-CONQUEST OR
COLONIAL PERIOD:

 Literature
* Oral Literature - Rituals like chants and songs.
* Written Literature - Cave drawings and Writings like the one that
is found in Angono.
 Visual Arts
* Painting- Carvings, Pottery/Body Ornamentation.
* Sculpture- Pottery/Carvings and Woodwork/Metal Work and
expression.
 Architecture
*Dwelling and Houses/ Shelters/worship areas.
Historians have found out that the
"Barong Tagalog" already existed in this
era. The earliest Baro or Baro ng Tagalog
was worn by the natives of Ma-I (the
Philippines name before).
 ISLAMIC
COLONIAL
PERIOD
It started when an Arab named Sayyid Abbubakar came
here in the Philippines, specifically in Sulu. He spread the
religion called Arabic mostly in Mindanao and was
embraced by the Magindanaoan, Tausog, Yakan, Samal,
and Badjao.
Bible in their religion is called Quran which serves as
their Literature. The church that they call as the Mosque is
one of their prime architecture. They have a sculpture
called Ukkil/ Okir which focuses on sculpting, molding,
pottery, weaving with patterns.
HIGHLIGHTED EVENTS DURING ISLAMIC COLONIAL PERIOD:
- Stated in Sulu in the 13th century, when Sayvid Abbubakar of Arabia
arrived.
HIGHLIGHTED PERSONALITY:
- Sayvid Abbubakar- He is a missionary who facilitated the building of
religious schools, and teaching of Arabic reading, and writing.
HIGHLIGHTED ARTFORMS:
 Literature
*Quran reading was introduced.
*Arabic language and writing were taught.
 Architecture- Mosque/Torogan/ Masjid was built
 Visual Arts
* Sculpture and Painting
- Ukkil/Okkir/Sarimanok/Sunduk was dominant in every Muslim design.
SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD
 
It all started when a Portuguese explorer, Ferdinand Magellan
arrived here in the Philippines. This era was focused on
Christianity and Catholicism.
A lot of architectures were introduced such as the Catholic
Church that is formed like a Latin cross, churches are designed
with Baroque features and details, Plazas were built and Bahay
na Bato/ Bahay na Tisa was also became te primary shelter of the
people.
They focused also on sculptures that includes saint figures, wall
details for churches, Caroza- mainly used as a stand of Santos
and Santas in processions.
HIGHLIGHTED EVENTS and PERSONALITY DURING SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD:
-The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 marked the beginning of an era of Spanish interest and eventual colonization.
-In 1543, Spanish explorer Ruy Lopez de Villalobos named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain.
- The arrival of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi from New Spain (Mexico) in 1565 established the first Spanish settlement in the archipelago, which remained a
Spanish colony for more than 300 years.
HIGHLIGHTED ARTFORMS DURING SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD:
 Literature
*Doctrina Christiana
 Visual Arts
ARTFORMS:
VISUAL ARTS
*Spolarium
*Paintings
* Religious/ Secular
Sculpture
* Santos, Furniture, Relieves, Altar Pieces, Jewelry, Metalwork,
and fiesta ornamentation.
 Architecture
*Plaza Complex was introduced.
*Churches were built in cruciform following the shape of the Latin Cross.
*Bahay na bato/Bahay na Tisa
 Music and Dance
*Pasyon at Pabasa- introduced in 1972.
*Kundiman or Balitaw
 Theater
* Za rzuela of Sarsuela
*Senakulo
*Komedya
*Moro-moro
*Araguio or Arakyo
      
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The Spoliarium (often misspelled Spolarium) is a painting by Filipino painter Juan Luna. Luna,
working on canvas, spent eight months completing the painting which depicts dying gladiators.
The painting was submitted by Luna to the Exposición Nacional de Bellas Artes in 1884 in 
Madrid, where it garnered the first gold medal (out of three).[1] The picture recreates a despoiling
scene in a Roman circus where dead gladiators are stripped of weapons and garments.
Together with other works of the Spanish Academy, the Spoliarium was on exhibit in Rome in
April 1884.[2]
In 1886, the painting was sold to the Diputación Provincial de Barcelona for 20,000 pesetas. It
currently hangs in the main gallery at the first floor of the National Museum of Fine Arts in 
Manila, and is the first work of art that greets visitors upon entry into the museum. The National
Museum considers it the largest painting in the Philippines with dimensions of 4.22 meters x
7.675 meters.[3]
Filipino historian Ambeth Ocampo writes, "...the fact remains that when Luna and Félix
Resurrección Hidalgo won the top awards in the Madrid Exposition of 1884, they proved to the
world that indios could, despite their supposed barbarian race, paint better than the Spaniards
who colonized them
Music and Dance were also very actively use as an
entertainment in this era. Pabasa- occurs in Holy
week, Kundiman- a way to please or court love ones,
love songs are used. Carinosa, Tinikling, Pandanggo
sa Ilaw and many more dances were introduced.
Doctrina Chritiana was made as the bible's auxiliary.
This is their form of literature.
AMERICAN OCCUPATION
AMERICAN OCCUPATION
Noong panahon ng pananakop ng Estados Unidos sa Pilipinas
 (1898-1946) 48 YEARS , ang pamahalaan ng Estados Unidos ang
namamahala sa pagbibigay ng edukasyon sa Pilipinas.
Makikita at mararamdaman ang epekto ng pananakop ng mga
Amerikano sa Sistema ng pampublikong edukasyon na itinayo
nito sa bansa. Matapos mapasakamay ng mga Amerikano ang
Maynila noong Mayo 1898, sinimulan na ang pagtatatag ng mga
pampublikong paaralan sa Pilipinas. Sa simula, mga sundalong
Amerikano muna ang nagsilbing unang guro na kalaunan ay
napalitan ng mga gurong galing sa America. Ang pinakamalaking
pangkat ng mga guro ay dumating sa Pilipinas noong 1901 lulan
ng barkong Thomas. Itinalaga sa Maynila at mga lalawigan ang
mga gurong ito na binansagang Thomasites
After winning from being the colony of Spain,
Americans took over. Most architectures were
modernized, and cities had a major development
in this era.
A theater show which focuses on comedy was
released, and they called it Vaudeville.
HIGHLIGHTED ARTWORKS DURING AMERICAN
OCCUPATION;
-Visual Arts
-Paintings
*Fernando Amorsolo- His painting depicts Filipino culture.
*Landscapes, portrait, genre, interior, and still life.
-Sculpture
*Freestanding, relief, and public.
-Architecture
*Daniel Burnham- Commissioned to design Manila and Baguio.
* Government Structure, Public Works, apartment, health, and
public education.
-Theater
Vaudeville (/ˈvɔːd(ə)vɪl/; French: [vodvil]
) is a theatrical genre of 
variety entertainment born in France at
the end of the 19th century. A vaudeville
was originally a comedy without
psychological or moral intentions, based
on a comical situation: a dramatic
composition or light poetry, mixed with
songs or ballets. It became popular in
the United States and Canada from the
early 1880s until the early 1930s, but the
idea of vaudeville's theatre changed
radically from its French antecedent.
JAPANESE OCCUPATION

10,000 prisoners of war were forced to march camps at Capas

Tarlac.
Ang naging motibo ng mga JAPANESE OCCUPATION
Hapon para sa pagsasakop
ng Pilipinas ay ang Greater
East Asia Co-Prosperity
Sphere. Ang kasabihan ng
Greater East Asia
CoProsperity Sphere ay
“Ang Asya ay para sa
Asyano” at “Ang Pilipinas ay
para sa mga Pilipino”. Ninais
ng mga Hapon na palayain
ng mga bansa sa Asya mula
sa kontrol ng mga bansang
kanluran.
Ang Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere ay nagtaguyod ng pag-iisip na
ang Asya ay para sa Asyano, at ang Pilipinas ay para sa Pilipino. Sa gayon,
ninais ng mga Hapon na tanggalin ang impluwensiya ng mga Kanluraning
bansa sa Pilipinas. Sinuportahan nila ang paglinang ng Tagalog. Ang
Executive Order Blg. 134 ay nagdeklara na gamitin ang Tagalog bilang
basehan ng nasyonal na wika (Espiritu, 2015). Ang paggamit ng wikang
Tagalog at Nihonggo ay ginawang opisyal sa pagpasa ng Ordinansa Militar
Bilang 13 (Javier, 1975). Kasama sa layunin ng mga Hapon ang pagbabawal
ng wikang Ingles, maraming Pilipinong manunulat na napilitang matutong
lumikha sa Tagalog. Upang magamit ang Tagalog bilang opisyal na wika,
halos isang libong salita sa Tagalog ang nilikha. Ito ay binigyang patnubay
ng KALIBAPI o ang Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipino (Javier,
1975). Ang pagsuporta sa Tagalog ay tumulong sa pagpapabuti nito bilang
isang wika. Dumami ang mga taong marunong magsalita at lumikha sa
wikang Tagalog, at ito'y nabigyan ng nararapat na halaga.
It was considered as the darkest period of the
Philippine History. It destroyed most of the
arts that were made. Modern Art was slowly
getting into the Art world in this era.
Victorio Edades with Calos Francisco and
Galo Hernandez considered Triumvirate a
group of three people who share a
position of authority or power. pioneered
the modern art
Dahil sa pagbabawal ng paggamit ng
wikang Ingles, napilitang gamitin ang
wikang Tagalog ang mga Pilipino. Ang
bunga nito ang masiglang talakayan
tungkol 7 sa wika. Marami sa mga
Pilipino ay natutong magsulat at
magsalita ng wikang Tagalog. Nagkaroon
ng gintong panahon ang wikang Tagalog
mula rito. Isang tanyag na maikling
kwento ay ang Lupang Tinubuan na
sinulat ni Narciso Reyes. Ito ay tungkol sa
paglalakbay ni Danding sa probinsya ng
kanyang ama. Isa namang publikasyon
na tanyag ay ang Liwayway Magasin
Sapilitang ipinaturo ang Nihongo at
inalis ang Ingles. NGUNIT , Naging
masigla ang mga Pilipino sa paggamit
ng sariling wika.Sumigla ang panitikang
Pilipino gaya ng nobela at maikling
kwento
Various art like abstract, public painting,
modern and conservative arts were introduced.
Malls, Real Estates, and many more advanced
architecture were made.
HIGHLIGHTED PERSONALITY:
- Victorio Edades together with Calos "Botong" Francisco
and Galo Hernandes considered the "Triumvirate" pioneered
modern arts in the country.
HIGHLIGHTED ARTFORMS DURING JAPANESE
OCCUPATION:
 Visual Arts
*Paintings and Sculpture- (Aggression, nationalism, symbolic
protest, Aspirationfor peace)
*Propaganda
*Modern Art
 Architecture
* Public Works
Diosdado Lorenzo’s Rape and Massacre in Ermita Painting. The
former head of the University of Santo Tomas Fine Arts
Department painted it in 1947 at a time when the country was
still reeling from the shock of the over 100,000 men women,
and children slaughtered.
Americans lost 60,628 men.
Japanese lost 300,000 men.
Filipinos lost 1 million men and
women.
HIGHLIGHTED EVENTS DURING POST WAR:
-1946-1969 was considered the dark period of Philippine history. Because
of World War 2 many artworks, buildings, and lives have been destroyed
by the war.
HIGHLIGHTED ARTWORKS DURING POST WAR:

Paintings and Sculpture

*Modern, Conservative, Abstract, Experimental, and Public Art.
Architecture
*Real estate, Safe housing, accessories, tenements, squatters, convention
arch, commercial/business, condo, and malls, subdivision, development,
and low-cost housing
Medias such as
Multimedia, mixed media
and Trans media were
introduced. Figurative and
non-figurative arts were
also developed.
Modern Architectures like
malls, real-estates, condos,
hotels, resorts, commercial
buildings and many more
architectures were built.
HIGHLIGHTED EVENTS AND PERSONALITY DURING
7O'S-CONTEMPORARY:
-Culture and art became highlighted during the Marcos regime
when Imelda Marcos thought of having a home for the arts and
the Cultural Center of the Philippines was built.

HIGHLIGHTED ARTWORKS DURING 70'S-

CONTEMPORARY:
-Visual Arts
*Paintings and Sculpture - Figurative, Non-figurative, Art for
art sake, Multimedia, Mixed Midea, Transmedia.
-Architecture
*Real estate, Safe housing, accessories, tenements, squatters,
The art of the Philippines had
been influenced by almost all
spheres of the globe. It had the
taste of Renaissance, Baroque
and Modern Periods through the
colonizers who arrived in the
country.