ENGLISH 10 • Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog

QUARTER 1 MODULE 3 • Grammar books were printed in Filipino

Historical Overview of Philippine Literature: Colonial Period • Religious tone
SPANISH PERIOD LITERARY COMPOSITIONS
• Almost half a decade, after the documented discovery of the Philippines in 1521 RECREATIONAL PLAYS
during Ferdinand Magellan's exploration marks the beginning of the colonial period. • These were mostly poetic in nature and intended to be performed during the
• The Spaniards successfully colonized the Philippines for more than 300 years Spanish era.
having evangelization as its main thrust.
• An emphasis on Christian doctrine was manifested through various types of texts EXAMPLES:
which replaced stories about heroes and animated creatures to Biblical characters TIBAG
and saints as evidenced by novenas, prayer books, and other printed materials. • The word tibag means to excavate.
• This makes literature during the Early Spanish Period didactic or intended for • This ritual was brought here by the Spaniards to remind the people about the search
teaching morality and conduct for good behavior. of St. Helena for the cross on which Jesus died.
• Other than books, plays and dramas emerged for recreational purposes.
• These were mostly poetic in nature and were intended for public performances. CARILLO
• This era can be divided into two major periods: • (Shadow play)
• is a form of dramatic entertainment performed on a moonless night during a town
Early Spanish Period (1565-1863) fiesta or on dark nights after a harvest.
• Early Spanish Period can be categorized as either religious or secular. • made by projecting cardboard figures before a lamp against a white sheet.
• The type of literature produced during this period used Spanish, Tagalog, and the
vernacular form of languages. ZARZUELA
• is a Spanish lyric-dramatic genre that alternates between spoken and sung scenes,
Later Part or Revolutionary Period (1864-1896) the latter incorporating operatic and popular song, as well as dance.
• Spanish was introduced as the medium of communication and later shifted to
CENACULO
Tagalog when a sense of nationalism arose during the revolutionary period.
• is a Lenten play that depicts events from the old and new testaments related to the
• The introduction of the printing equipment called xylographic press by the
life, sufferings and death of Christ.
Dominicans resulted in publication of various religious materials and earliest books.
• Diaryong Tagalog (1882), a Spanish-Tagalog newspaper, published bulk of Filipino
writings.
• In 1889, the La Solidaridad, an underground newspaper, became the mouthpiece of
the Reform Movement.

SPANISH INFLUENCES ON THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

• ALIBATA
• Christian Doctrine
• Spanish language became the literary language this time AMERICAN PERIOD
• European legends and traditions were introduced
 • The Filipino Revolutionists won against the Spaniards who colonized for more than • They now confidently and competently wrote on a lot of subjects although the
300 years. old-time favorites of love and youth persisted.
• On June 12, 1898, the Philippine flag was raised as a symbol of our independence. • They went into all forms of writing like the novel and the drama.
• During the transition period many Filipino writers still preferred to write in Spanish • They wrote in free verse, sonnets, odes, elegies and others.
since English was still a foreign language to them. • They even started to write novels and dramas.
• Filipino writers were into all forms of literature during the period of apprenticeship but
most of their works were critiqued as an imitation of English and American models. LITERARY COMPOSITIONS
• Short stories became the most prevalent literary form during the latter part of
SHORT STORIES
American colonial period.
• Short story as a literary genre was brought along by the Americans.
• The existence of American literary works and periodicals as well as the coming of
• Filipinos readily adopted short story because as a form of relaxation and
American teachers encouraged many aspiring Filipino writers to use the English
entertainment, it proved to be worthwhile for one can read such in just a short
language.
while.
• Common theme in plays was all about nationalism.
• There were even Filipino (Tagalog) and other vernacular versions of them.
• In a way, we can say that we can trace the beginnings of Philippine literature in
• These are stories that can typically be read in one sitting revolving around one
English with the coming of the Americans. For this purpose, we can divide this
subject and may range between 1,000 up to 20,000 words.
period into three-time frames, namely:
• The first short story written in English is entitled "Dead Stars" by Paz Marquez
PERIOD OF RE-ORIENTATION Benitez.
• The Period of Re-orientation covered the early years of American period and
the landing of the Americans to Philippine shores including the Philippine-
American War.
• The first English teachers were the American soldiers stationed in various
areas.
• Later on, the professional teachers arrived via US Army transport ship “USS
Thomas” hence, these pioneering teachers were called “Thomasites.”
• These Thomasites established numerous public Elementary, Secondary and
Tertiary schools throughout the archipelago.
PERIOD OF IMITATION
• By 1919, the UP College Folio published the literary compositions of the first
Filipino writers in English.
• They were the pioneers in short story writing.
• They were then groping their way into imitating American and British models
which resulted in a stilted, artificial and unnatural style, lacking vitality and
spontaneity.
ENGLISH 10
PERIOD OF SELF DISCOVERY AND GROWTH QUARTER 1 MODULE 4
• By this time, Filipino writers had acquired the mastery of English writing. Historical Overview of Philippine Literature: Post-colonial Period
 SPANISH PERIOD
• As an aftermath of war and a series of foreign invasions in our country, the term post-
colonialism was popularized.
• The lasting impact of imperialism and colonialism had been the utmost concern at this
period.
• Literary works of Filipino authors started to be recognized through the initialization of
Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards in 1950 and realization of the need to grant National
Artist Awards in 1972 under the former President Ferdinand Marcos.
• The influences of Spanish and American cultures can be observed.
• Most of these writers were considered as social realists.
•