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• Is a body of
written works.
•Originated from
oral traditions.
•Are imaginative
works.
•Deals with stories
and poetry.
•The content
depends on the
author.
Three Points Of Literature
• Literature portrays human experience.
• Authors interpret these human experiences.
• It is an art form and a style of expression.
What you are expected to
learn
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
• Identify various dimensions of Philippine literary history
from precolonial to contemporary;
• Enumerate differences between and among periods of
Philippine literature as presented by geographic, linguistic, and ethnic
dimensions;
• Show appreciation of the early and contemporary forms of
Philippine literature.
Japanese and American Pre-colonial
Period Ida-Ida- Maguidanao
• Kahapon, ngayon, at Ibanag- Tagalog
bukas - Lullabyes or ili-ili-
Kapangpangan Ilongo Ambahan-
• Ang Mga Tunuksan Isa Mangyan Harana-
Ca Bulacalac -Visaya Cebuano
Kissa- Tausug
Spanish and Period of

Enlightenment
Awit and Korido- Tagalog
Lagaylay- Sorsogon THE MORO-
Literary Forms:
• Bugtong was a riddle that used talinhaga, or metaphor that
actually helped convey the answer to riddle. These are
statements that contain superficial words, but they function
figuratively and as metaphors, and are in the form of
questions.
Bisaya
Baboy sa lasang, (A wild pig of the forest,)
Ang tunok puro lansang. (Is covered with
spikes.)
: Nangka (Jackfruit)
Literary Forms:
• Folk Songs- these are folk lyrics that are
usually chanted.
Examples:
Lullabies- these is locally known as the Hele. These

are sung to put to sleep babies. The content varies,
but usually, parents sing these with ideas on how
hard life is and how they hope that their child will
not experience the hardships of life.
Drinking Songs- these are locally known as Tagay
and are sung during drinking sessions.
The oral works are able to
translate in Written Work through
The use of SYLLABARY called
ALIBATA.
• Sawikain or (salawikain) were proverbs
that were used to express pieces of wisdom
or beliefs that were important to Filipino
society.
With the passage of time Oral Literature
becomes Lengthy and this long forms Was the
epic such as:
• Epiko or (epic) were long, episodic, chanted poems
which told a story, normally about a legendary hero
and his adventures, often contending with, and also
being aided by, supernatural creatures and spirits.
Examples:
 Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocanos)
 Alim and Hudhud (Ifugaos)
 Kumintang (Tagalog)
 Ibalon (Bicolanos)
PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT
(1972- 1898)
In 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals
educated in Europe called Ilustrados
began to write about the hitch of
colonization.
The Propaganda Movement (1872-
1896) - This movement was
spearheaded mostly by the
intellectual middle-class like Jose
Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano
Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna,
Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma.
Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.
1521-1898 The SPANISH
Period
•The start of the Philippine's more colorful
history took place in March 6, 1521 when
Ferdinand Magellan docked on the shores of
Homonhon.
More productive part of the period

The propagandist raised led by Dr. Jose
Rizal battled For ASSIMILATION
•Ferdinand Magellan is the
one who Discovered
Philippines
•The mission of Spanish
Friars is to spread the
CHRISTIANITY
Literary
forms:Legends are a form of prose the
• LEGENDS.
common theme of which is about the origin of
a thing, place, location or name. The events
are imaginary, devoid of truth and
unbelievable. Old Filipino customs are reflected
in these legends.
Spanish Influences On Philippine Literature
• The first Filipino alphabet called ALIBATA was replaced by the Roman
alphabet.
• The teaching of the Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious
practices.
• The Spanish language which became the literary language during this time
lent many of its words to our language.
• European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our
songs, corridos, and moro-moros.
• Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog and other dialects.
TRANSLATE
IT!
Saan siya pupunta?
Where is he/she going?
Ano’ng dapat kong gawin?
What Am I supposed to do?
Nasa sa iyo kung maniniwala
ka o hindi?
Naghapunan ka na ba?
1900-1942 The AMERICAN
Period
• After having been colonized by the Spaniards, a new set
of colonizers brought about new changes in Philippine
literature. Linguistically, Americans influenced Filipino
writers to write using English language. English as
medium of instruction was introduced in the schools as
intellectual language of education. Jose Garcia Villa
became famous for his free verse. Angela Manalang
Gloria used free verse in writing her poetry about illicit
love.
Plays written during the period
• Kahapon , Ngayon, at Bukas-
Written by Aurelio Tolentino
depicting the suppression done
by the Americans and their plan
to colonize the Philippines.
1941-1945 The JAPANESE
Period
• Between 1941-1945, Philippine Literature was
interrupted in its development when the
Philippines was again conquered by another
foreign country, Japan. Philippine literature in
English came to a halt. Except for the TRIBUNE
and the PHILIPPINE REVIEW, almost all
newspapers in English were stopped by the
Japanese.
FILIPINO POETRY DURING THIS
PERIOD
The Common Theme Of Most Poems
During The Japanese Occupation Was
Nationalism, Country, Love, And Life In
The Barrios, Faith, Religion And The Arts.
o Three types of poems
emerged during this
period:
1. HAIKU
•-Short descriptive poem about
nature –
• Consisting 17 syllables –
• 5 syllables in the first line –
• 7 syllables in the second line –
• 5 syllables in the third line
2. Tanaga
•Tanaga – like the Haiku, is
short but it had measure and
rhyme. Each line had 7
syllables and it’s also
allegorical in meaning.
3. Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form)
PERIOD OF ACTIVISM (1970-1972)
According to Ponciano Pineda, youth activism in
1970-72 was due to domestic and worldwide
causes. Because of the ills of society, the youth
moved to seek reforms.
The Literary Revolution
The youth became vocal with their sentiments.
They demanded a change in the government. It
was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and
the sidewalk expressions and also in literature.
PERIOD OF ACTIVISM (1970-1972)
• In the Period of Activism, campus

newspapers were written to show
their protest. They held pens and
wrote on placards in red paint the
equivalent of the word MAKIBAKA
(To dare!).
PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972-
1980)
• The period of the New Society started
on September 21, 1972.
• The Carlos Palanca Awards continued
to give annual awards.
• Poems dealt with patience, regard for
native culture, customs, and the
beauties of nature and surroundings.
1980)
• THE PALANCA AWARDS
• The Don Carlos Palanca Awards for
literature which was launched in
1950.
• Literary Fields- poetry, short
story, essays and the one and
three-act plays.
1980)
• Newspapers donned new forms.
***News on economic progress,
discipline, culture, tourism, and the like
were favored more than the
sensationalized reporting of killings,
rape, and robberies. Filipinos before were
hooked in reading magazines and
comics.
PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-
1985)
• After ten years of military rule

and some changes in the life of
the Filipino, which started
under the New Society, Martial
Rule was at last lifted on
January 2, 1981.
PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-
1985)
• The Philippines became a new nation, and
this, former President Marcos called “The
New Republic of the Philippines.” Poems
during this period of the Third Republic were
romantic and revolutionary. Many Filipino
songs dealt with themes that were true-to-life
like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for
freedom, love of God, of country and
fellowmen.
POST-EDSA 1 REVOLUTION (1986-1995)
History took another twist. Once

more, the Filipino people regained
their independence, which they lost
twenty years ago. In four days from
February 21-25, 1986, the so-called
People Power (Lakas ng Bayan)
prevailed.
POST-EDSA 1 REVOLUTION (1986-1995)
• It was noticed in the new Filipino
songs, newspapers, speeches, and
even in the television programs. The
now crony newspapers that enjoyed
an overnight increase in circulation
were THE INQUIRER, MALAYA, and
the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.
21st CENTURY PERIOD
• The new trends have been used and

introduced to meet the needs and tastes of
the new generation. 21st Century learners
are demanded to be ICT inclined to
compete with the style and format of
writing as well. New codes or lingos are
used to add flavor in the literary pieces
produced nowadays.
What’s more
ACTIVITY 2:
DIRECTIONS: Describe the changes happened in our literature

from Pre-colonial Period to Japanese Period. Put emphasis on the
language used and the influences contributed by Americans,
Japanese and Spaniards in the Philippine literature.
What I can do
ACTIVITY
3:
DIRECTIONS: Make a gratitude letter addressed to ilustrados indicating
the importance of their writings in the attainment of nation’s freedom
and in the development of Philippine literature. Use the template
provided in the answer sheet.
Assessment
I. Directions: Identify the literary

historical period as described by
geographic, linguistic, and ethnic
dimensions. Shade the circle of the
correct answer.
1.Chant (Bulong) was used in witchcraft or
enchantment especially in far places in Visayas.
a) Japanese Period
b) Rebirth of Freedom
c) Pre-Spanish Period
d) Period of Enlightenment
2.Haiku, is short with a measure and rhyme consisting of

17 syllables which had favorable diminishing effect to
Tagalog literature.
a) New Society Period
b) American Period
c) 21st Century Period
d) 3rd Republic
3.Lagaylay was used in a special occasion for the Pilareños of Sorsogon
during May time to get together.
a) Spanish Period
b) New Society Period
d) Period of 3rd Republic
4. EL NUEVO DIA (The New Day) was established by Sergio

Osmeña in 1900. The American censors twice banned this and
threatened Osmeña with banishment because of his nationalistic
writings.
a) Spanish Period
5.The Moro-moro is presented on a special stage. This is
performed during town fiestas to entertain the people and to
remind them of their Christian religion.
a) Spanish Period
II. Directions: Use the ticket on the next page to write your
reflection about the discussion we have had. Write 2 new
things you’ve learned, 2 realizations you’ve formed, and 1
question in mind. Use the space provided in the answer sheet.
(5pts)
 2 learnings
 2 realizations
 1 question
What I can show
Which category in 21st Century skills

do you think the core of our topic falls
in? (Communication, collaboration,
creativity, critical thinking,
productivity, leadership and
technology literacy). Explain why.

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• Is a body of

Spanish and Period of

Lullabies- these is locally known as the Hele. These

More productive part of the period

• In the Period of Activism, campus

• After ten years of military rule

History took another twist. Once

• The new trends have been used and

DIRECTIONS: Describe the changes happened in our literature

I. Directions: Identify the literary

2.Haiku, is short with a measure and rhyme consisting of

4. EL NUEVO DIA (The New Day) was established by Sergio

Which category in 21st Century skills

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